Understanding Cybersecurity Threats: The Case of Misdirection

Understanding Cybersecurity Threats: The Case of Misdirection When a user types a legitimate bank’s URL into the browser window and is misdirected to a similarlooking page created by criminals, this is referred to as pharming. Let's break down this concept step-bystep: What is Pharming? Pharming is a cyber attack that redirects users from legitimate websites to fraudulent ones without their consent or knowledge. It can compromise sensitive information such as usernames, passwords, and financial data. How Pharming Works DNS Spoofing: Attackers manipulate the DNS (Domain Name System) settings to redirect traffic from the real site to their fake site. Hosts File Modification: Attackers may alter the hosts file on a user’s computer to redirect legitimate requests to a malicious IP address. Differences with Related Concepts Phishing: Involves tricking users into providing personal information via real-looking emails or websites, rather than redirecting them. Vishing: A form of phishing that uses voice calls instead of emails or websites, targeting users directly through phone calls. Malware: Refers to malicious software designed to harm or exploit devices, whereas pharming specifically targets user redirection. Conclusion In summary, when users are misdirected from a legitimate bank’s URL to a fraudulent page created by criminals, it is classified as pharming. Understanding the mechanics of such cyber threats is crucial for protecting personal data. Further Exploration Cisco on Pharming FTC Guide to Phishing Scams CISA Guide on Malware and Related Threats