Conjunctivitis - Lecture Notes

con, unetiviti 8inflammation of the conjuctivacharacterised by a pink appearance (AKA pinkeye)dlt subconsunctivi blood vessel congestion,manifestationsforeign body sensationswatching sensationwrining sensationitchingphotophobiamay be unilatral/bilateral(insection usually starts In one eye and thenspreads to the other eye by hand contact.)assessment/Dx findings4 main clinical beatures Important to evaluate:1. type of discharge2. type of conjunctival reaction3. presience of pseudomemebranes or true membranes4. Prescence of absience of lymphadeno pathyDX: based on distinctive characteristics of ocularsigns acute or chronie presentation, and identificationof any precipitating events. (t) results of swab smear preparations andcultures confirm the dx.types of congretivitisclassified according to its cause- major causes:microbial infectionallergyirritating toxic stimulibacteriavirusesburgusparasitesexisting ocular infectionBactenal consumetivitisacute or chroniemanifests T: aute onset of redness, burning,-and discharge.er rudate IS present In the morningpumbent discharge occurs in severe acute bacterialinfectionsmuco purulent discharge-appears in mild casesTrachoma infectious disease caused by the bacteriumtradammatic / wn a rast ama Incleading cause of preventable blindness In the world.- Prevalent in hot dry, dusty climates ln areas Tpoor living conditions-spread by direct contact or carrier.-Initial S/S: red inflamed eyes , tearing, pho tophobu,ocular pain, pumlent exudates, preauncularlymphadenopathy, and lid edema.-lashes are turned in and mb against the comeaand cause corneal erosion|uscration.TX: almost always self-limiting(lasts 2wks if left untreated)16 fx T/ABX lasts a few days-for trachoma broad speernm abx(topical and systemie)-SX managementViral conjunctivitiscan be acute or chronic4 scharge IS watery and follicles are prominent.common causative or gan 18ms : adenovims & HSV.caused by adenovines HIGHLY CONTAGIOUS1usually preceded by WRI8/5 tearing, redness, foreign body sensation thatcan involve one or both eyes. - lla eaema, PTOSIS, conjunctival hyperemiaviral conjunctivitis IS self-limiting andlasts LONGER than bacten al companitiviths.TX: 0 responsive to any tx.Old compresseshand hygiene (to avoid spreading.)disinfection of equipmentrisolation/specified areas for treating patientsdx t/or suspeeted of conjunetivitis caused by adenovimsAllergic consumetivitishypersensitivity reaction that occurs as part ofallergue rhinitis (hay fever) ,or It can be anindependent allergie reactionS/S: extreme pruritusepiphora(excess tears)injectionsevere photophobiastringlike mucoid dischargeTX: corticosteroids in lopthalmic preparationsvasoconsinctors (topical epinephrine solution)cold compresses Ilce paeks 10001 ventilationTOXIC conjunct(vitiscan be result of medications, chlorme fromswimming pools, exposure to toxic fumes, exposure TO other irritants oven as smoke, Vallsprays paids and alkalis.TX: topical antibiotic agentseyedropsoutmentssystemic complications meningitis/ sepsis