Psychology - Health, Stress And Coping

1. approach-approach conflict individual must choose between two likable events 2. avoidance-avoidance conflict individual must choose undesirable events 3. apprach-avoidance conflict individual is faced with a desire or need that has both positive and negative aspects 4. multiple approachavoidance conflict involves several choices, each of which has positive and negative features 5. health psychology subfield that investigates the relationship between people's behaviors and their wellbeing any environmental stimulus that we respond to because we perceive it as challenging or threatening 6. stress between two 7. life event good or bad change that requires readjustment 8. daily hassle everyday irritation individuals face 9. resilience capacity to adapt well to significant stressors 10. Conflict situation in which a person must choose between two or more needs, desires, or demands 11. primary appraisal initial interpretation of an event as irrelevant, positive, or stressful and frustration that 12. secondary appraisal an evaluation of resources available to cope with a stressor 13. general adaptation syndrome (GAS) general physical responses we experience when faced with a stressor 14. alarm reaction phase of the general adaptation syndrome; immediate activation of the nervous and endocrine systems 15. HPA (hypothalamic- the major system that controls the stress pituitary-adrenal) axis response 16. resistance stage phase of the general adaptation syndrome; nervous and endocrine systems continue to be activated 17. exhaustion stage phase of the general adaptation syndrome; bodily resources are drained and wear on the body begins 18. psychoneuroimmunology field of study that investigates the connections among psychology and the nervous and immune system 19. immunosuppression reduction in activity of the immune system 20. problem-focused coping behaviors that aim to control or alter the environment that is causing stress 21. emotion-focused coping behaviors aimed at controlling the internal reactions to a stressor 22. cognitive reappraisal active and conscious process in which we alter our interpretation of a stressful event 23. defense mechanism unconscious, emotional strategy that is engaged in to reduce anxiety and maintain a positive self-image 24. progressive relaxation train- stress management technique; person learns ing how to systematically tense and release muscle groups 25. social support having close and positive relationships with others 26. guided imagery technique focusing on a calming image to achieve a state of relaxation when stressed 27. Type A personality characterized by aggression, ambition, and competitiveness 28. Type B personality characterized by patience, flexibility, and an easygoing manner 29. Type C personality characterized by caution, seriousness, sensitivity to criticism, and suppresses negative emotions such as anger 30. Type D personality characterized by negative emotions and social inhibition 31. learned helplessness passive response to stressors based on exposure to previously uncontrolled, negative events 32. hardy personality high in the traits of commitment, control, and challenge; associated with strong stress resistance 33. health-defeating behavior actions that increase the chance of illness, disease, or death 34. health-promoting behavior actions that decrease the chance of illness, disease, or death