Blood Disorders Answer Key

What is a major nursing diagnosis may occur in a patient with acute leukemia? a. Impaired mucous membranes. b. Risk for bleeding. c. Imbalanced nutrition. d. Acute pain. The balance between these two systems, clot formation and clot dissolution is called: a. Fibrinolytic mechanism. b. Clotting mechanism. c. Hematopoiesis. d. Hemostasis. The classic method of determining the cause of vitamin B12 deficiency is…….. a. B symptoms. b. Leukopheresis. c. Schilling test. d. Vitiligo. Nurses are expected to minimize complications from the bleeding in aplastic anemic patients with criteria: a. Hemoglobin levels within limit normal. b. Presence of signs hypovolemic shock. c. There are no signs of infection. d. Increasing activity tolerance. The nurses should be instructed patients taken liquid forms of iron through a straw to: a. Less gastrointestinal distress. b. Minimize stain the teeth. c. Diminish the absorption of iron. d. Avoid the risk of anaphylaxis. What are useful agents used in medical management of iron deficiency anemia? a. b. c. d. Ferrous sulfate and ferrous gluconate. Remission dose with Fludara. Rituxan and antibiotics. Antiviral agents and antibiotics. The nurse is monitoring the lab values of a client diagnosed with acute lymphocytic leukemia; what are the laboratory values that the nurse expects to be abnormal? a. b. c. d. Immunoglobulins Platelets White blood cells Red blood cells A client diagnosed with leukemia is now experiencing neutropenia. Which of the following is a priority assessment by the nurse? a. Blood pressure. b. Breath sound c. Bowel sounds d. Heart sounds A client has been diagnosed with acute lymphocytic leukemia and is about to begin chemotherapy. The nurse recognizes that further teaching is necessary when the client makes which statement? a. b. c. d. I will have treatments only once a month I will getting high doses of chemotherapy I won not sick at this stage of the treatment The purpose of these treatment is to induce remission What is the best nursing action for patients had aplastic anemia and suffering of imbalance nutrition? a. b. c. d. Adequate nutrient intake Freedom from exhaustion after activity A balance needs activity and rest An increasing activity tolerance A 39 female patient is admitted into medical ward, she has a smooth, sore tongue, brittle and ridged nails, the nurse performed physical examination and taken medical history, no history of alcoholism, vegetarian diets, eaten a balanced diet and he had a gastrectomy. After reading this scenario and answer the following questions (from to ) Which is the type of anemia she predicted he had? a. Iron deficiency anemia. b. Pernicious anemia. c. Aplastic anemia. d. Megaloblastic anemia. Which is the cause of a nurse prediction of this type of anemia? a. Inadequate for hemoglobin synthesis. b. Patients with chronic alcoholism. c. Iron mal-absorption. d. Inadequate iron supplementation. In this case, the doctor ordered intravenous administration of iron dextran. The nurse administered a small test dose to: a. Avoid the risk of anaphylaxis. b. Prevent toxicity. c. Improve a rapid absorption. d. Encourage oral iron intake. Which of the following statements is correct about partial thickness wound? a. Only epidermis is affected. b. Epidermis and dermis only are affected. c. Epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous tissues are affected. d. Epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous tissues, and muscles. What is the priority nursing diagnosis during the first 24 hours for a client with full-thickness chemical burns on the anterior neck, chest, and all surfaces of the left arm? a. Risk for Ineffective Breathing Pattern b. Decreased Tissue Perfusion c. Risk for Disuse Syndrome d. Disturbed Body Image. The balance between these two systems, clot formation and clot dissolution is called: a. Fibrinolytic mechanism. b. Clotting mechanism. c. Hematopoiesis. d. Hemostasis. Which is the main nursing concern with neutropenia clients? a. Promote hygiene b. Educate on signs and symptoms of infection c. Promote nutrition d. Prevent ulcers and breakdown 721What are the broad types of myeloid stem cells? a. Lymphocytes and Lymphoid b. Lymphoid, WBCs, and platelets c. Lymphocytes and RBCs d. RBCs, WBCs, and platelets What is the organ which removes RBCs from the bloodstream after they have completed their lifespan? a. b. c. d. The lymphatic system The blood The spleen The immune system The people more than 65 years are high risk for incidence of ………… a. b. c. d. Hemolytic Anemia Folate deficiency Iron deficiency anemia Chronic lymphocytic leukemia Which cell is the responsible for removing aged RBCs from the blood after losing their elasticity? a. The reticuloendothelial cells b. The erythroblast cells. c. Reticulocytes. d. Leukocytes. What is the purpose of Consolidation therapy in management of patients with leukemia? a. An increased lymphocyte count b. Destroy leukemic cells in the tissues. c. Eliminate remaining leukemic cells. d. Reduce drug resistance. What is the main type of vitamin B12 deficiency anemia? a. Vitamin deficiency. b. Pernicious anemia. c. Intrinsic factor. d. Iron deficiency anemia The primary site for hematopoiesis is the bone marrow and no other organs are involved. a. True b. False Rationale: The primary site for hematopoiesis is the bone marrow and no other conditions, the liver and spleen involved). A clotting mechanism is inactivated when necessary to seal any leak in the blood vessels. a. True b. False Rationale: A clotting mechanism is activated when necessary to seal any leak in the blood vessels Lymphoid stem cells differentiate into three broad cell types: RBCs, WBCs, and platelets. a. True b. False Rationale: Myeloid stem cells differentiate into three broad cell types: RBCs, WBCs, and platelets. Healthy person can often tolerate as much as a 30% gradual reduction in hemoglobin without pronounced symptoms. a. True b. False Rationale: (Healthy person can often tolerate as much as a 50% gradual reduction in hemoglobin without pronounced symptoms). Before parenteral administration of an iron full dose, a small test dose should be administered to avoid the risk of anaphylaxis. a. True b. False Because iron is best absorbed on an empty stomach, patients should be advised to take the supplement before meals by two hours. a. True b. False Rationale: Because iron is best absorbed on an empty stomach, patients should be advised to take the supplement an hour before meals. The folate stores in the body are much smaller than those of vitamin B12, and they are quickly depleted when the dietary intake of folate is deficient. a. True b. False Without intrinsic factor, orally consumed vitamin B12 can be absorbed, and RBC production is eventually diminished. a. True b. False Rationale: Without intrinsic factor, orally consumed vitamin B12 cannot be absorbed, .)and RBC production is eventually diminished Because the body compensates so well, the anemia can be severe before the patient becomes asymptomatic. a. True b. False Rationale: Because the body compensates so well, the anemia can be severe before .)the patient becomes symptomatic If the RBC exposed to adequate amounts of oxygen before the membrane becomes too rigid, it can return to a normal shape. a. True b. False Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is common in people younger than 20 years of age, but the incidence increases with age. a. True b. False Rationale: Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is uncommon in people younger than 20 years of age, but the incidence increases with age). The main goal of chemotherapy treatment for leukemia in induction phase is destroying leukemic cells only in the tissues. a. True b. False Rationale: The main goal of chemotherapy treatment for leukemia in induction phase is destroying leukemic cells in the tissues, peripheral blood and bone marrow The nurse would interpret that a client is most severely at risk for bleeding when platelets less than 20,00/mm3 a. True b. False Rationale: The nurse would interpret that a client is most severely at risk for bleeding when platelets less than 150,000/mm3). The nurse should take the attention during oxygen delivery which can impaired by an increased blood viscosity, with occlusion due to adhesion of sickled cells. a. True b. False Rationale: The nurse should take the attention during oxygen delivery which can also be impaired by an increased blood viscosity, with or without occlusion due to adhesion of sickled cells). Enumerate 3 nursing management for client with iron deficiency anemia (3 marks) Answer 1. Increase intake of food sources high in iron 2. Taking iron-rich foods with a source of vitamin C 3. The nurse encourages patients to continue iron therapy 4. patients should be 5. Advised to take the supplement an hour before meals Good oral hygiene after taking this medication. List (3) Nursing management for patients with aplastic anemia (3 marks) Answer 1. Nursing care for anemia 2. Nursing care for infection Nursing care for purpura (bleeding) List (3) types of leukemia (3 marks) Answer 1. Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL( 2. Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML( 3. Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) 4. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) Mention (3) nursing diagnosis for leukemic client (3 marks) Answer 1. 2. 3. 4. Risk for Infection Risk for Deficient Fluid Volume Acute Pain Activity Intolerance 5. Deficient Knowledge Write purposes of chemotherapy combination in treatment of leukemia Answer 1) Decrease drug resistance 2) Decrease drug toxicity to the patient by using multiple drugs with varying toxicities 3) Interrupt cell growth at multiple points in the cell cycle List methods of leukemia treatment Answer 1-Chemotherapeutic treatment 2-Combination chemotherapy 3-Bone Marrow and Stem Cell Transplantation List phases of chemotherapeutic in leukemia treatment Answer A- Induction therapy B- Intensification therapy C- Consolidation therapy D- Maintenance therapy