Calculating Change in Internal Energy Using Constant Volume Calorimetry | University of Arkansas - Edubirdie

University:
University of Arkansas
Course:
CHEM 1123 | University Chemistry II
Academic year:

2019
Views:

367

Pages:

1
Author:

BobN

In this example problem, we calculate the change in internal energy for the combustion of toluene using constant volume calorimetry. Our problem reads: When 2.5 grams of toluene undergoes combustion in a bomb calorimeter whose heat capacity is four point one five kilojoules per degree Celsius, the temperature rises from twenty-two point five degrees Celsius to forty-five point four degrees Celsius. Calculate the change in internal energy for the combustion of toluene in kilojoules per mole of toluene. Since this is a bomb calorimeter, we're carrying out our calorimetry at a constant volume. So, our change in internal energy for the reaction is equal to the heat given off by the reaction. We can also say that the heat given off by the reaction is absorbed by the calorimeter. So, Q reaction equals negative Q calorimeter. To calculate the heat for the calorimeter, it's the heat capacity of the calorimeter times the change in temperature. We can plug in the numbers we're given in the problem. Our heat capacity of the bomb calorimeter is -4.15 kilojoules per degree Celsius, and our change in temperature is 45.4 degrees Celsius subtract 22.5 degrees Celsius. Performing this calculation, we get -95 kilojoules. This -95 kilojoules is the change in internal energy when 2.5 grams of toluene undergo combustion. However, we want to calculate the change in internal energy in units of kilojoules per mole of toluene. So, we'll convert this -95 kilojoules per 2.5 grams of toluene into kilojoules per mole of toluene using dimensional analysis. By using our molar mass of toluene, we can convert from grams to moles of toluene, and our units will be kilojoules per mole of toluene. Performing this calculation, we get -30,500 kilojoules per mole of toluene.

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