Ionic Bonding, Covalent Bonding, and Electron Dot Diagrams

Name: Period: Honors Physical Science 2022 Ionic bonding, Covalent bonding, and electron dot diagrams Objectives 4 & 5: 4. Explain how ionic compounds are formed, predict their formulas, and draw the ions. 5. Explain how covalent compounds are formed and draw their Lewis Structures. Octet rule 1. ://sciencing.com / use-octet-rule-8651379.html What is the octet rule? Complete the following table 2. Periodic table group Element ! 4 Hydrogen Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Chlorine Silicon Phosphorus - rx ' 0 Why is hydrogen stable with only 2 outer electrons instead of 8 outer electrons ? (A Why does the 8A periodic table group not react with other elements? http://chemistry.elmhurst.edu/vchembook/ 143Aioniccpds.html What is the difference between an atom and an ion ? - ftfom v\? u{ yM 6. 7. r: f How do positive ions form? tohm a+OKvis ( 0% c * Why do metals tend to form positive ions? \ D \SH.V B M J 8. How do negative ions form? uMm 9. nonmetals tend to form negative ions? Why do • # \ A j A4 ' 7z> zA 1A Introduction to ionic compounds 5. 4 j 4A tlemcAte 4. ±1 i2 Sulfur Bromine 3. Number of outer or valence electrons WCeiUC C 10. What holds the positive and negative ions together in an ionic bond ? i xm i Electron dot diagrams (sometimes called Lewis Structure) http:// www.ausetule.com .au /lewisstr.html What is an electron dot diagram ? 11. ohm \ c symbol 12. t Draw electron dot diagrams for each of the following elements o Calcium Sodium Aluminum ® » o Carbon < o Argon: [) t? - Q an Nitrogen « O > <& Sulfur' o © Fluorine t © o Dot diagrams for ionic compounds http:// www.kentchemistrv.com /links/ bonding/lonicLewisDots.htm 14. Write the ions for each of the following compounds *« NaCl ,+ A1203 MgCL 3.00*3 15. Complete the following table Metal Number Charge Nonmetal Number of outer element of outer of element electrons electrons metal Charge of nonmetal Formula of metal + ion nonmetal compound -I KF ion Potassium 1 +1 Fluorine 7 Electron dot diagram of compound c [Kf [:F:]-1 ' Calcium Sodium +2 +l Magnesium *4 Oxygen Sulfur (0 -a ( j) -a Chlorine 1 cc « Na3S fm A iifNcl Rjl Covalent Bonds httm /Zhvoernhysics.phv-astr. gsu .edu / hbase/Cheinical / boncl.html 16. How is a covalent bond formed ? sharing of e 17 . Ionic compounds are formed by a metal and a nonmetal. What types of elements form covalent bonds? n o m mebd f> n cv\ wb,1 Diatomic elements http://study.com / academy / lesson / what- is- a- diatomic-element-definition -examples. html 18 . H, Draw Lewis Structures and tell the number of electrons shared by each diatomic element H-H N2 M 02 • * 4- ,2 Lewis Structures for some covalent molecules http:// www.cheingiiide.co.uk/atoms/ bonding/covalent.html 19 . :o = 6 : Draw Lewis Structures for the following compounds Hydrogen chloride HC1 W w Methane CH4 H Ammonia NH3 - Ni - H * H 0 H Water H2Q . 0i -H * H S+ — Cl ' 0 O F, n *, * : F - F: & A * 3