Religion & Politics Christianity Summary Lecture Notes

Christianity Summary Christianity is a monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The Bible, consisting of the Old and New Testaments, is considered the holy scripture of Christianity. Christians believe in the Holy Trinity, consisting of God the Father, God the Son (Jesus), and the Holy Spirit. Jesus is believed to be the Son of God and the Messiah (savior) prophesied in the Old Testament. Christians believe that Jesus was born of a virgin, lived a sinless life, and died on the cross for the sins of humanity. Christians believe that Jesus rose from the dead on the third day, proving his divinity and fulfilling prophecies. The resurrection of Jesus is celebrated on Easter Sunday. Christians believe that salvation and eternal life can be attained through faith in Jesus Christ. The Ten Commandments are considered a fundamental moral code for Christians. Christianity is divided into three main branches: Roman Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, and Protestantism. The Roman Catholic Church is the largest denomination of Christianity and is headed by the Pope. Eastern Orthodox Christianity is primarily practiced in Greece, Russia, and the Middle East. Protestantism began in the 16th century as a reaction against certain practices and beliefs of the Catholic Church. The Protestant Reformation was led by figures such as Martin Luther, John Calvin, and Henry VIII. Christianity is the largest religion in the world, with over 2 billion followers. Christianity originated in the Middle East and spread throughout the Roman Empire. The New Testament was written in Greek and the Old Testament was written primarily in Hebrew. Christianity has had a significant impact on Western civilization, shaping art, literature, and politics. The Bible has been translated into many languages and is widely distributed throughout the world. Christianity teaches that there is a personal God who is loving and merciful. Christians believe in the concept of original sin, that all people are born with a sinful nature. Jesus is seen as the only way to salvation, and that faith in him is necessary to be saved. Christianity teaches that God is all-powerful and all-knowing. Christians believe that God is perfect and holy, and that humans must strive to be like him. Christianity teaches that there is a heaven and a hell, and that people's actions in life determine where they will go after death. The Bible is divided into two parts: the Old Testament, which covers the history of the Israelites and their relationship with God, and the New Testament, which covers the life and teachings of Jesus. Christians believe that the Bible is the inspired word of God, and that it is to be studied and followed. Christianity teaches that God is a loving Father who is always there for his children. Christians believe that God is merciful and that he will forgive those who repent of their sins. Christianity teaches that God is just and that he will judge all people according to their actions. Christians believe that Jesus is the only way to salvation and that faith in him is necessary for eternal life. Christianity teaches that Jesus was fully God and fully human, and that he lived a perfect life. Christians believe that Jesus died on the cross to pay the penalty for humanity's sins and that he rose from the dead to give us new life. Christianity teaches that Jesus will return one day to judge the living and the dead.