HESI Practice Test Guide

HESI Practice test Within liver cells, glycogen can be decomposed to yield glucose. For this process to occur, which substance must also be present? glucagon and epinephrine At which phase of meiosis does crossing over occur? Prophase 1 Which cellular process results in the formation of sugar from carbon dioxide? Calvin cycle What is the name for the small, tail-like projection from the cellular membrane that is used for locomotion? Flagella Which word refers to the lowest region of the spinal cord? Lumbar The Phalynx is a(n) bone The dermis is classified s a(n) organ Upper motor neurons originate in which area of the body? Motor area of the cerebral hemispheres Where are the pressoreceptors and chemoreceptors (specialized sensory nerves that assist with the regulation of circulation and respiration) located? Carotid Body Where are the baroreceptors located? Aorta Which sturcture is an example of a long bone? metatarsal Which structure is divided into four lobes? liver Eye movement and papillary reflexes originate in which part of the central nervous system? Midbrain Which vessel transports blood from the lung to the heart? Pulmonary vein What does the word 'pulmonary' mean? lungs Venous refers to which part of the body system? Circulation What is the primary sympathetic neurohormone? norepinephrine An improper balance between calcium and which substance can adversely affect the growth of healthy bone tissue? phosphorus The function of the pulmonary veins is to carry ________________? oxygenated blood to the left atrium What substance causes extreme dilation of arterioles and capillaries, stagnating blood flow within the tissues and leading to profound shock? Histamine What is the expected pH of the stomach? 0.90 to 1.50 What mineral is responsible for muscle contraction? Calcium Bile is secreted into which organ? Small intestines What is the function of glucocorticoids that are secreted from the adrenal cortex? carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism What does parathyroid hormone regulate? Calcium What is the function of aldosterone? Conserves sodium in the body What is the function of the baroreceptors? Decrease heart rate Which nerve is responsible for regulating the amount of light entering the eye? oculomotor nerve What components of the blood helps maintain glomerular oncotic pressure at a normal level of 33mm Hg, which in turn keeps a large amount of water from escaping the capillary? Protein Segments of a polypeptide chain can coil or fold as a result of hydrogen bonds, adding to a protein's structural conformation. What is this structure called? Secondary structure What is the concentration of 58.5g of a NaCl in 2L of solution (atomic weights of each element are as follows: Na=23g/mol, CL=35/5 g/mol0? 0.5 mol NaCl 1/2 What is the correct electron configuration for neon? Is22s22p6 What is the ground state electron configuration for zinc? Is22s22s63s23p64s23d10 What is a benefit of water's ability to make hydrogen bonds? High specific heat What is the weakest of all the intermolecular forces? Dispersion What is the correct name of MgSo4? Magnesium sulfate What is the correct formula for magnesium chloride? MgCl2 Phenolphthalein changes from colorless to pink in basic solutions. At what pH value would the solution remain colorless? 8.4 How could water be boiled at room temperature? Lower the pressure Iodine and carbon dioxide undergo sublimation at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. What is this process? Changing from a solid to a gas A catalyst increases the rate of reaction by ___________. lowering the activation energy Redox reactions are those that occur with a transfer of electrons. What would cause an increase in the oxidation number? Oxidation An experiment is performed to measure the temperature of boiling water at sea level. The actual boiling point in 100C. The data taken during the experiment show values of 104.6C, 104.5C, and 104C. What term best describes these data? Precise Chemical reactions in living systems preceed along catabolic pathways, and there tends to be an increase in _______/ entropy A diploid germ cell containing 72 chromosomes undergoes meiosis. How many chromosomes will be in each gamete? 36 What is the primary purpose of the flagella on the surface of cells? Movement of the cell What process is responsible for actively transporting small particles across the cell membrane? Pinocytosis What is the primary cause of water molecules moving into or out of the cell? Water molecule pressure gradient along the cell membrane Why is DNA important for metabolic activities of the cell? Controls synthesis of enzymes Which outcome measure would most likely indicate that a sample of water contains acid? pH Which structure is the primary "control center" for cellular activities? Nucleus. 2/2