Civil War Battle Evidence Collection Sheet

Civil War Battle Evidence Collection Sheet (p. 1 of 2) Directions: in order to understand the course of the war, your job is to investigate 7 separate battles that defined the war. At each Battle Station, you’ll need to collect some basic information about the battle, including the victor, date, location, and the battle’s impact on the outcome of the war. At each of these stations, you’ll also need to consider and reconsider your answer to the question: Why did the North win? Name Date Fort Sumter April 12, 1861 – April 13, 1861 Location Leadership Victor How did they win? Did this battle have an impact on the outcome of the war? If so how? Charleston Harbor Beauregard, in command of the Confederate forces there and Maj. Robert Anderson, the Fort Sumter garrison Confed After a 34-hour exchange of artillery fire, Anderson and 86 soldiers surrendered the fort on April 13. The bombardment of Fort Sumter would play a major part in triggering the Civil War . In the days following the assault, Lincoln issued a call for Union volunteers to quash the rebellion. Confed The Union army was in full retreat. The Confederates had won the first major battle of the Civil War. The Confederates won the battle, but both sides suffered casualties. The Union suffered 2,896 casualties First sizable engagement of the war. Confederates routed the North. Northern civilians who rode out to commander. First Bull Run 7/21/1861 Manassas, VA General Irvin McDowell and General Robert Patterson see the battle had to flee back to Washington with Fort Henry & 2/6 & 2/16/62 Tenn Gen. Lloyd Tilghman Union Fort Donelson Jackson’s Shenandoah May-June 1862 6/25-7/1/62 Second Bull 8/2930/62 Run After a fierce naval bombardment, Confederate Brigadier General Lloyd Tilghman secretly evacuated the bulk of his troops to nearby Fort Donelson before surrendering to Union forces. The capture of these forts also guaranteed Union control The South used the transportation advantages of the valley so effectively that it often became the “valley of humiliation” for the North. This campaign cements his reputation as one of the South’s best generals. of Kentucky, which was wavering between the Union and Confederacy. Maj. Gen. Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson's Near Richmond, VA Robert E. Confed. Lee,Stonewall Jackson, George B. McClellan The Seven Days ended with McClellan's army in relative safety next to the James River, having suffered almost 16,000 casualties during the retreat. Lee's army, which had been on the offensive during the Seven Days, lost over 20,000. Robert E. Lee’s first big victory over the North. Second Bull Run Robert E. Confed. Lee,Stonewall Jackson In the Second Battle of Bull Run, Confederate forces under General Robert E. Lee defeated a Union army under the command of Major General John Pope. Fought on almost the same field as the first battle of Bull Run, this was a complete victory for the South. Robert E. Lee James On the third day of the Battle of Gettysburg, Confederate General The turning point of Manassas, VA Gettysburg, 7/1-3/63 panicked Union troops. Shenandoah Valley, VA Valley Campaign The Seven Days including 460 killed. Gettysburg Confed Union PA Vicksburg, Miss. , PA 5/19-7/4/63 Longstreet Richard S. Ewell A. P. Hill J.E.B. Stuart Vicksburg, Ulysses S. Mississippi Grant, John C. Pemberton Union Robert E. Lee's last attempt at breaking the Union line ends in disastrous failure, bringing the most decisive battle of the American Civil War to an end. the war. With the loss of Pemberton's army and a Union victory at Port Hudson five days later, the Union controlled the entire Mississippi River, and the Confederacy was split in half. This siege, was one of the most important victories in the west.