University:
University of Virginia
Course:
NUIP 2430 | Pharmacology and Clinical Management I
Academic year:

2024
Views:

213

Pages:

2
Author:

Zoe C.

‭Goal of Antibiotic Therapy‬ ‭●‬ ‭Kill or slow the growth of bacterial cells‬ ‭●‬ ‭Selective toxicity:‬‭Affecting an infectious microbe‬‭without harming the host’s cells‬ ‭●‬ ‭Bactericidal:‬‭Ability to kill bacteria‬ ‭●‬ ‭Bacteriostatic:‬‭Ability to slow the growth of bacteria‬ ‭○‬ ‭Decreases the rate such that the immune system is able to fight bacteria off‬ ‭●‬ ‭Immunosuppressed patients:‬ ‭○‬ ‭Elderly population‬ ‭○‬ ‭Younger population‬ ‭○‬ ‭Patients with cancer, HIV, autoimmune diseases‬ ‭○‬ ‭Transplant patients‬ ‭○‬ ‭Those born with immunocompromization‬ ‭Classification of Antibiotics‬ ‭●‬ ‭Mechanism of action‬ ‭●‬ ‭Spectrum of activity‬ ‭○‬ ‭Narrow spectrum:‬‭Target a specific group of bacteria‬ ‭○‬ ‭Broad spectrum:‬‭Wider range; effective against‬‭gram-positive‬‭and some‬ ‭gram-negative bacteria‬ ‭○‬ ‭Extended-spectrum:‬‭Broader spectrum of effect on‬‭gram-negative‬‭bacteria due‬ ‭to chemical modification‬ ‭●‬ ‭Susceptible organism‬ ‭Mechanisms of Action‬ ‭●‬ ‭Inhibition of protein synthesis‬ ‭●‬ ‭Inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis‬ ‭●‬ ‭Inhibition of cell wall synthesis‬ ‭●‬ ‭Disruption of cell membrane function‬ ‭●‬ ‭Block pathways and inhibit metabolism‬ ‭Inhibition of Protein Synthesis‬ ‭●‬ ‭Lethal or non-lethal inhibition‬ ‭●‬ ‭Protein synthesis done by ribosomes‬ ‭●‬ ‭Ex. aminoglycosides and tetracyclines‬ ‭Disruption of DNA Synthesis‬ ‭●‬ ‭Inhibit bacterial synthesis of DNA and RNA or disrupt DNA function‬ ‭●‬ ‭Bind to nucleic acids or interact with enzymes for synthesis‬ ‭●‬ ‭Bind with DNA and disrupt function‬ ‭●‬ ‭Ex. ciprofloxacin‬ ‭Disruption of Cell Wall/Membranes‬ ‭●‬ ‭Inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis‬ ‭●‬ ‭Activate enzymes that disrupt the cell wall‬ ‭●‬ ‭Increase cell membrane permeability‬