Learning Activity 1-1 Medical Terminology

Learning Activity 1-1 Medical Terminology 1. The four elements used to form words are: WORD ROOT, COMBINING FORM, SUFFIX, PREFIX 2. A root is the main part or foundation of a word. In the words arthritis, arthrectomy, and arthroscope, the root is: ARTHR 3. A combining vowel is usually an e. FALSE- A COMBINING VOWEL IS USUALLY AN O. 4. A word root links a suffix that begins with a consonant. FALSE- A WORD ROOT LINKS A SUFFIX THAT BEGINS WITH A VOWEL. 5. A combining form links multiple roots to each other. TRUE 6. A combining form links a suffix that begins with a consonant. TRUE 7. To define a medical word, first define the prefix. FALSE- FIRST DESCRIBE THE SUFFIX (END OF WORD), THEN THE FIRST PART OF THE WORD, THEN THE MIDDLE OF THE WORD. 8. In the term intramuscular, intra is the prefix. TRUE Underline the word root in each of the combining forms. 9. splen/o (spleen) 10. hyster/o (uterus) 11. enter/o (intestine) 12. neur/o (nerve) 13. ot/o (ear) 14. dermat/o (skin) 15. hydr/o (water) Underline the word roots in the medical words that follow. Medical Word 1. nephritis 2. arthrodesis 3. dermatitis 4. dentist 5. gastrectomy 6. chondritis 7. hepatoma 8. muscular 9. gastric 10. osteoma. 11. nephr 12. hepat/o 13. arthr 14. oste/o/arthr 15. cholangi/o Meaning inflammation of the kidney fixation of a joint inflammation of the skin specialist in teeth excision of the stomach inflammation of cartilage tumor of the liver pertaining to muscle pertaining to the stomach tumor of the bone kidney liver joint bone, joint bile vessel Review the pronunciation guidelines (located on the inside back cover of this book) and then underline the correct answer in each of the statements. 1. The diacritical mark - is called a (breve, macron). 2. The diacritical mark  is called a (breve, macron). 3. The - indicates the (short, long) sound of vowels. 4. The  indicates the (short, long) sound of vowels. 5. The combination ch is sometimes pronounced like (k, chiy). Examples are cholesterol, cholemia. 6. When pn is at the beginning of a word, it is pronounced only with the sound of (p, n). Examples are pneumonia, pneumotoxin. 7. When pn is in the middle of a word, the p (is, is not) pronounced. Examples are orthopnea, hyperpnea. 8. When i is at the end of a word, it is pronounced like (eye, ee). Examples are bronchi, fungi, nuclei. 9. For ae and oe, only the (first, second) vowel is pronounced. Examples are bursae, pleurae. 10. When e and es form the final letter or letters of a word, they are commonly pronounced as (combined, separate) syllables. Examples are syncope, systole, nares. Pronounce the medical terms that follow. Then analyze each term and write the suffix in the right-hand column. The first suffix is completed for you. Term 1. thoracotomy: tho r-a  -KO T-o -me  Prefix tomy 2. gastroscope: GA S-tro -sko  p scope 3. tonsillitis: to n-s  ıl I-t  ıs  itis 4. gastric: GA S-tr  ık  ic 5. tonsillectomy: to n-s  ıl-E  K-to  -me   ectomy Pronounce the medical terms that follow. Then analyze each term and write the element that is a prefix in the right-hand column. The first prefix is completed for you. Term anesthesia: an- a n-e  s-THE  -ze -a  Prefix an 7. hyperthermia: h ı-pe  r-THE  R-me -a  hyper 8. intramuscular: ın-tra -MU S-ku  -la r intra 9. paranasal: pa r-a  -NA  -sa l para 10. polyuria: po l-e  -U  -re  -a   poly 6. Term Definition 1. gastritis ga s-TR  I-t  ıs  2. nephritis ne f-R  I-t  ıs  3. gastrectomy ga s-TRE  K-to  -me   4. osteoma o s-te  -O  -ma   5. hepatoma he p-a  -TO -ma  6. hepatitis he p-a  -T I-t  ıs  Term 7. arthr/itis 8. a r-THR  I-t ıs  8. scler/osis skle -RO  -s  ıs  9. arthr/o/centesis a r-thro  -se n-TE  -s  ıs 10. colon/o/scope ko -LO  N-o -sko  p 11. chondr/itis ko n-DR  I-t  ıs  Inflammation of stomach inflammation of kidneys excision of stomach tumor of bone tumor of liver inflammation of liver Rule 1 Summary of Rule WR links suffix that begins w/ vowel 1 WR links suffix that begins w/ vowel 2 CF links suffix that begins w/ consonant 2 CF links suffix that begins w/ consonant 1 WR links suffix that begins w/ vowel 12. chondr/oma ko n-DRO  -ma   13. oste/o/chondr/it is o s-te  -o  -ko  n-DR I-t ıs 14. muscul/ar MU S-ku  -la  r 15. oste/o/arthr/itis o s-te  -o  -a  r-THR  I-t ıs  1 WR links suffix that begins w/ vowel 1, 3 CF links multiple roots to each other. Even when next WR begins w/ vowel WR links suffix that begins w/ vowel 1 1, 3 CF links multiple roots to each other. Even when next WR begins w/ vowel WR links suffix that begins w/ vowel Building Medical Words Use -ectomy (excision) to build medical words that mean excision of the: 1. spleen: SPLENECTOMY 2. appendix: APPENDECTOMY 3. pancreas: PANCREATECTOMY 4. gallbladder: CHOLECYSTECTMOMY 5. colon: COLONECTOMY 6. stomach: GASTRECTOMY Use -itis (inflammation) to build medical words that mean inflammation of the: 7. spleen: SPLENITIS 8. liver: HEPATITIS 9. pancreas: PANCREATITIS 10. gallbladder: CHOLECYSTITIS 11. colon: COLITIS 12. stomach: GASTRITIS Use -megaly (enlargement) to build medical words that mean enlargement of the: 13. liver: HEPATOMEGALY 14. spleen: SPLENOMEGALY 15. stomach: GASTROMEGALY