Medical Terminology Final

Medical Terminology Final 2019-11-01 10:11:51 Admin The upper chambers of the heart are called the: atria The lower chambers of the heart are called the: ventricles The valve located between the left atrium and ventricle is the: bicuspid the Pace-Maker is found in the right atria and is also called the: S-A Node The blood vessel that carries blood containing oxygen and nutrients away from the heart to the body tissues (except the lungs) is the aorta The combining forms angi/o- and vaso- all mean: vessel the combining forms that mean "vein" are ven/o- and phleb/o- The combining forms that mean "chest" are: steth/o-, pectero-, and thoroco The combining forms that mean "sound" are: ech/o- and sono- The suffix -graph in the term cardio/graph means: instrument used to record The diagnosis of Angina Pectoris literally means __________. The actual meaning is lack of blood flow to the large heart vessels in the chest. vessel : chest The term that means separation or removal is: apheresis The diagnostic term that means abnormal state of a slow heart rate is: bradycardia The diagnostic term Aortic Stenosis means: narrowing of the aorta The diagnostic term Coronary Isch/emia actually means: deficient supply of blood to the crowning blood vessels of the heart the diagnostic term that means hardening of the arteries is: arterio/scler/o/sis The literal meaning of the diagnostic term Cardio/myo/path/y is: heart/muscle/disease/condition The inability of the heart to pump enough blood through the body to supply the tissues and organs is called: congestive heart failure The diagnostic term Ar/rhythmia means: any variation from a normal heart rhythm or contraction The diagnostic term used to refer to a dilated or varicose (twisted) internal and/or external vein in the rectum is: hemorrh/oid The diagnostic term for the ballooning of a weakened portion of an arterial wall is: aneurysm The diagnostic term that means rapid, quivering, non-coordinated contractions of the atria and/or ventricles is: fibrillation The diagnostic term for distended or tortuous veins usually found in the lower extremities is: varicose veins The diagnostic term Cardiac Arrest is defined as a(n): sudden cessation of cardiac output and effective circulation he diagnostic term for a type of cancer characterized by an abnormal increase in white blood cells is: leuk/emia The diagnostic term An/emia means: decrease in normal RBC numbers, iron, or hemoglobin levels The surgical term for the incision into a vein to remove blood, to give blood, or to give intravenous fluids is: phleb/otomy The surgical term Angi/o/rrhaphy means: suturing of a vessel or to repair a vessel The surgical term Angioplasty means: surgical repair of a blood vessel The surgical term for a procedure in which a balloon is passed through a blood vessel to the area in which plaque is formed is: percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty The surgical technique that brings a new blood supply to heart muscles by detouring around blocked athro/sclerotic coronary arteries is called a(n): coronary artery bypass The procedural phrase "Complete Blood Count – CBC" is defined as: counting RBC, WBC, and Thrombocytes or Platelets The procedural term for X-ray of the blood vessels after an injection of contrast medium dye is: angiograph/y The procedure for making a record of the structure and motion of the heart using sound waves is called: echocardiography A procedural bone marrow biopsy is referred to as: stern/al puncture Macro/phage literally means: Large/eater The device or instrument that is used to measure arterial blood pressure (pulse pressure) by hand is a: sphygmo/mano/meter The study that uses ultrasound to determine the velocity of the flow of blood within a vessel is: Doppler Flow Studies The medical term Cardiology means: the science and study of the heart The medical term that means body temperature below normal, 98.6 F., is: (Note: hypo-, sub-, and infra all can refer to less, below, or under) hypo/thermia The medical term that means removal of liquid from withdrawn blood is: plasm/apheresis The term that means one who studies and treats diseases of the blood is: Hematolog/ist The medical term Hemo/stasis literally means: stoppage of bleeding or diminished blood flow The medical term which means to puncture a vein in order to remove blood, instill medication, or start an intravenous infusion is: veni/pucture The medical term for the hearing of sounds within the body through a stethoscope is: auscultation Application of an electric shock to the myocardium through the chest wall to restore normal cardiac rhythm is called: de/fibrill/ation The medical term Sy/stole (together/contract) actually means: cardiac cycle phase where chambers contract raising blood pressure The phase in the cardiac cycle in which chambers relax between contractions is called: diastole Tapping of a body surface with the fingers to determine the density of the body part beneath is: percussion The medical term for the phase in the cardiac cycle in which the ventricles contract is: systole the suffixes that mean ‘pain’ are: -dynia and -algia Cardiomyopathy is referred to as having a problem with _____________. the heart muscle pumping blood The medical term Hyper/tension means: blood pressure that is above normal An Em/bol/ism literally means: state of a lump within Poly/cyth/emia Vera (many/cells/blood: true) is the term for: Erythrocytosis "RBC increases cause strokes, heart attacks, & clots" A Pulmonary Infarction (lung: to stuff into) actually means: lung blood flow blockage . The term _________________ refers to the lack of development of normal numbers of RBC’s (Erythrocyte) in the blood. A/plastic An/emia A Macro/phage is referred to as a: large eaters of foreign cells and materials Hodgkin’s Disease is a type of: Lymph/oma Athero/sclerosis is a type of: Arteriosclerosis Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP) or Mitral Valve Incompetence (MVI) (valve between chambers on left side of the heart) is usually seen in: women or females An Aortic Abdominal Aneurysm is the _____________ of the big blood vessel in the posterior belly that often ruptures and causes death by hem/orrhag/ing. ballooning A Varico/cele is the __________ of the veins in the scrotum (male pouch). twisting The parasitic Protozoan Disease Trypano/som/iasis (carried by insects) is called Snail Fever, Chagas’ Disease, Tsetse Fly Disease, America Fever or: Sleeping Sickness Schisto/som/iasis in man is a type of a _____________ infestation. Split Bodied Blood Fluke Worm A Phlebo/tom/ist is a person who specializes in cutting or puncturing _____ to take blood samples. veins Coronary Thrombosis is also known as: Acute Myocardial Infarction or Myocardial Infarction The most important longitudinal heart study in the world is being conducted in what American City since 1946: Framingham, Massachusetts The leading Cardiac Risk Factors are: smoking, obesity, lack of exercise, and hyper/cholesterol/emia Tiny blood vessels in the back of the ________ are viewed with a Ophthalmo/scop/e to help diagnosis Arterio/sclerosis, Diabetes, Kidney Disease, and many other diseases. eye A Stethoscope is placed over the heart valves to listen to the: Aortic Valve, Bicuspid and Tricuspid Valves, Pulmonary Valve The Sickle Cell Anemia (Sickle Cell Trait "Gene") includes the: clumping of blood in vessels causing ischemia, infarction, and tissue necrosis, ischemia and lack of normal numbers of RBCs and flow to the body tissues, sickle shaped RBCs which cannot carry sufficient oxygen, and get stuck in capillaries The terms Crenation, Poikilocytosis, and Anisocytosis all refer to: cell shapes The condition of Hodgkin’s Disease could also be known as: Lymph Node Hyper/trophy Disease The lymphoid tissues located behind the nasal cavity are called: adenoids Both food and air travel through the: mouth and pharynx or throat The double-sac membrane that covers each lung and lines the thoracic cavity is the: pleura The surgical term for the puncture of the chest cavity in order to aspirate fluid is called: thoracocentesis The medical term ‘hypoxemia’ means: deficient oxygen in the blood Pulmonary Endo/scop/y is best used to _____________ diseases of the Respiratory System. view and diagnose The term Ortho/dont/ist literally means: straight/teeth/specialist The term Eu/pnea actually means: well, easy, true, normal, or good breathing The term Dys/phasia means difficult or faulty: speech or utterance The term Trache/os/tom/y actually means: creation of an artificial mouth-like opening in the throat and neck The suffix ___________ is added to word part Pneumono-/________ to refer to the surgical procedure of puncturing the lung and aspirating fluids like blood, pus, & lymph. This procedure promotes easy breathing and cell oxygenation. -centesis The diagnostic term for pus in the pleural space in the chest is: pyo/thorax The diagnostic term for narrowing or contraction of the larynx or voice box is: laryngospasm or laryngo/stenosis A patient with diagnosis of blood in the chest has a: hemo/thorax The condition where the bronchi of the lungs are dilated outward is: bronchi/ect/asis When lung tissue swells as a result of distention and loss of elasticity in the alveoli, the condition is called: emphysema "puffed up" The diagnostic abbreviation for an infection of the nose, pharynx, larynx, and trachea is: upper respiratory infection "URI" The diagnostic term that is also referred to as whooping cough is: per/tussis The diagnostic term for a chronic respiratory disease characterized by paroxysms of coughing, wheezing, panting with shortness of breath is: asthma Which birds are pigeon breeder’s lung primarily contracted from? Pigeons and parakeets A term that refers to food inhalation that blocks the airway: aspiration The term that means difficulty in speaking or making a sound is: dys/phasic or dys/phonic Lobar Pneumonia refers to a lung infection in: one or more of the 5 lobes in the 2 lungs The medical term Hypo/pnea actually means: deficient rate and depth of breathing the medical term that means containing both mucus and pus is: muco/purulent The medical term Nebuliz/er is defined as: a device that creates a fine spray or mist The medical term Chord/itis or Cord/itis actually means: inflammation of the vocal cords The medical term Emphysema literally means: puffed up The medical term asthma literally means: panting Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is an inherited exocrine gland disorder that causes thick secretions of ________________ to accumulate in the lungs mucus and pus from respiratory infections The medical term diphther/ia literally means: membrane/refers The medical term Pertussis actually refers to: whooping cough and the bacteria Bordetella pertussis The disease of Histoplasmosis or Darlings Disease is a _______________ infection caused by histoplasma capsulatum. Bird or cat feces is the source and the disease is characterized by fever, malaise, coughing, respiratory failure, and lymph/adeno/path/y. A major problem for pregnant women and their fetuses. fungus or fungus spore Globally, approximately ___________ people are infected with tuberculosis. 2 billion he Schick Skin Test is used to detect _______________, which is caused by the bacteria Corynebacterium diphtheriae Diptheria The Mantoux Skin Test is used to diagnose: Tuberculosis Anthrax infections (Bacillus anthracis bacteria) are classified as infecting the Pulmonary System "lungs", Digestive System "intestines", Cutaneous System "skin" Bronchitis often progresses to a more severe lung condition called _____________________, which was the leading world killer around 1900 A.D. Pneumonia The Etiologic Agent (E.A.) or causative agent that is responsible for Anthrax is: Bacillus anthracis An Upper Respiratory Infection is referred to with the Abbreviation: URI Spiro/metry means to measure the breath and is used to evaluate: lung capacity The term Dys/lexia literally means difficult or faulty: words The term Dys/phonia actually means difficult or faulty: sound or voice The disease of Crypto/cocc/o/sis is a _______________that can infect the lungs, skin, brain (CNS), bones, and urinary tract causing death. yeast-like budding fungus The disease of Aspergill/osis (to sprinkle/condition) is a soil or dust fungus that causes granular lesion on or in any body organ. Prognosis is poor like most systemic fungal infections. It is treated with: fungi/cidal drugs The condition referred to as ________ is an acute viral infection that is usually seen in infants before 3 years of age (Y/O: years old). It occurs after an URI and causes vocal cord swelling, voice loss, hypoxia, & possible choking: croup Pneumonia can be caused by: virus, fungus, bacteria Emphysema causes shortness of breath and a(n): Barreled Chest Look "Advanced Stages" The incubation period for influenza is from ____ to ____ days. 1 to 3 days Kerat/o/sis, Leuk/o/plakia, Tartar, Caries, Purpura, Fibr/oma, Ulcers, Gingiv/itis, Tonsill/itis, Adenoid/itis, Squamous Cell Carcin/oma, Catarrh (Coryza), Cleft Palate, Thrush, and Candid/i/asis are all conditions that are usually diagnosed with a(n) ______ exam by a Dentist or Medical Doctor. oral The coiled tubular structures arising from the dermis that excrete sweat are the: sudoriferous glands The outer layer of skin is called the: epidermis Melan/o/cytes in the stratum basale layer of the epidermis produce Melanin which is responsible for: skin color The layer of skin that is sometimes referred to as true skin is the: dermis or cutis The combining forms that mean "nail" are: unguin/o- or onycho- The combining forms cutane/o- (cutaneous), pel/o- (pellagra), -derm(ep/iderm/is and dermat/itis) , and cut/i- (cut/icle) all mean: skin The term Nettles, Hives, or ______________ refers to a rash that may be characterized by wheals. Urticaria The compound diagnostic term "Dermato/myc/osis" actually means: an extensive skin fungus condition, state of, or infection The compound term "Sebo/aden/itis" literally means: inflamed oil gland The combining forms Hidr/o- and Sudero- both mean: sweat Dermato/plast/y literally means: skin/surgical repair/process of The suffix that means to view is: -opsy The suffix that means berry shaped is: -coccus Pediculosis Corpus is often spread by: Sharing fabrics and combs The diagnostic term that means localization of pus is: abscess "tissue goes away" The diagnostic term Hidr/aden/itis means: inflammation of a sweat gland The diagnostic term that means skin or tissue bruise is: contusion The term that means invasion into the skin and body hair by lice is: pediculosis The pre/cancerous skin condition that is characterized by horny and hard skin that was caused by excessive exposure to sunlight is: actinic kerat/osis The diagnostic term _____________ actually means tissue death or literally "an eating sore." This condition is usually caused by clostridium perfringens and/or poor blood supply. gangrene The diagnostic term that actually means the process of scraping away the skin by a mechanical process or injury is: ab/ras/ion A malignant neoplasmic skin condition that spreads to organs & lymph nodes, which is commonly associated with AIDS, diabetes, and lymphoma is: Kaposi’s Sarcoma The medical term that means berry-shaped bacteria in twisted chains is: strepto/coccus The medical term Cicatrix literally means: scar The medical term Nevus means: mole or birthmark If a patient has a decubitus ulcer, he or she has a(n): pressure bedsore The medical term that means Wart is: verruca The medical term Pruritus means: severe itching The medical term that means small, solid skin elevation is: papule The medical term which refers to a yellow or orange-yellow tinge to the skin that results from damaged liver cells is: jaundice The diagnostic term Acne Vulgaris literally means: pointed and common The procedural term Dermatoplasty includes ___________ surgery. face lifts The diagnostic term Seb/orrhea Dermat/itis is also known as: dandruff The diagnostic term Geriatric Alopecia actually means: "old age" baldness "fox mange" The disease term Anthrax literally means: coal or carbuncle The diagnostic term Cheil/itis literally means: inflammation of the lip The diagnostic term Curettage of a skin lesion literally means: scooping The diagnostic term Furuncle actually means ____________and is a staphylococcus infection of a hair follicle or hair gland: boil The diagnostic term Rubella (red) is also known as: 3 day measles The diagnostic term Herpes literally means: to creep The diagnostic term Rubeola (AKA: German or 9 Day Measles) literally means: red or redness A diagnostic characteristic of oral Koplik Spots (next to the back Molars "grinders") is associated with Rubeola – 9 day measles The skin condition of Shingles is caused by the Herpes Zoster Virus. This virus also causes: chickenpox The disease Smallpox (AKA: as Variola Major or Minor) is caused by a highly contagious __________ and is characterized by prostration, a vesicular-pustular rash, and fever. poxvirus The diagnostic term Malignant Melanoma actually means: a black tumor that is bad or cancerous The diagnostic term Ichthy/osis actually means: fish-like skin condition with scale-like tissue The diagnostic term Hirsut/ism literally means: the state of being hairy The diagnostic term Squamous Cell Carcinoma actually means: scaly crab-like cell tumors of the surface tissue The diagnostic term Dehiscence actually means: to gape open The diagnostic term Helminth/iasis, Ascar/iasis and Vermicul/osis can refer to __________________ infections of the skin or the digestive system. worm The diagnostic term Onycho/myc/o/sis literally means: nail/fungus/condition The bacterial infection of the face that is referred to as ____________ is characterized by vesicles or sacs that rupture and form a golden crust. Impetigo The diagnostic term Dys/hidr/osis literally means: condition of faulty sweating The diagnostic term Scabies actually means: itch mite saliva that causes severe itching The diagnostic term Tinea Cruris (or crusis) actually means jock itch The diagnostic term for the fungal infection Candid/iasis literally means: glowing white/condition The diagnostic term __________refers to red skin caused by an increase in RBCs near the surface of the skin. This proliferative bone marrow condition can cause clots, strokes, heart attacks, vertigo, weakness, tinnitus, extremity pain, and an enlarged spleen cause by excess RBC breakdown. Poly/cyth/emia Vera The skin condition of Ringworm is actually caused by a: fungus The diagnostic term Cutaneous Ulcer literally means: skin sore The diagnostic term Thrush is usually a fungus infection of the throat or vagina the diagnostic term Sclero/derma is actually an Auto-Immune reactionary dis/ease like: Rheumatoid Arthritis The diagnostic term Lyme is associated with a town in ________. Connecticut The diagnostic term Xero/derma literally means: dry/skin The diagnostic term Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever is caused by a Rickettsial (small bacteria) organism that is carried by a: tick The diagnostic term __________ literally means "to itch" and this chronic Psoriasis skin condition causes red patches with dry, thick, silvery scales. A skin Lacer/ation literally means: the process of tearing Tinea Cruris is more commonly called: jock itch Helminth/ic Diseases can attack multiple body systems including the integumentary, digestive, and nervous systems. They are caused by Meta/zoa Parasitic Worms called: Tapeworms, Roundworms, Flukeworms The term De/fec/ation literally means: process of feces or stool away Cimex lectularius is also known as: bed bugs The physiologic (function) term De/glutition literally means: to swallow away or down the terms Masticat/ion and Mand/ible actually mean: process of chewing and chewer The term Tinea Pedis actually means Athletes Foot Skin blushing, _________, or redness is usually caused by an increase in blood flow, oxy/hemoglobin, fever, inflammation, trauma "wound", and alcohol. erythema The skin color variation of Pall/or is actually a __________________, which usually accompanies blood loss, various types of anemia, or shock. decrease in skin color The skin color variation of ___________ represents an increase in tissue bili/rubin from RBC destruction or liver cell destruction (hepat/itis). This color is best seen in the sclera of the eye, body membranes, and skin. yellow-orange The relative speed with which the skin resumes its normal appearance after being stretched or compressed is called__________. It represents the amount of water in the tissues or hydration. This process is slower in seniors. turgor Chloasma or melasma patches do NOT appear on which part of the face? eyes The 2nd portion (5′ long) of small intestine that means to empty is the: jejunum The organ that produces bile is the: liver The lining of the structures in the abdominal and pelvic cavities is the: peritoneum The ring of muscles found in opening between stomach and duodenum is the: pyloric sphincter The tube that extends from the pharynx (throat) to the stomach and means gullet is the: eso/phagus The combining forms os-, or/o-, and stomato- all mean: mouth the combining form that means "small intestines" is: enter/o- The combining form that means "rectum (straight) and anus (ring)" is: proct/o- The combining form for small growth is: polyp/o- The diagnostic term that means inflammation of the stomach, intestines, and colon is gastroenterocolitis The diagnostic term that means abnormal condition of having diverticula (out-pouchings) in the colon is: deverticul/o/sis the diagnostic term gingivitis means: inflammation of the gums The diagnostic term chole/lith/iasis means: condition of gallstones The diagnostic term that means prolapse of the rectum is: procto/ptosis The diagnostic term gastro/enter/itis means: inflammation of the stomach and intestinal track The diagnostic term for chronic inflammation of the small and/or large intestines, characterized by cobblestone ulcerations along the intestinal wall and the formation of scar tissue, is: Crohn’s Disease The diagnostic term for the abnormal growing together of two surfaces normally separated is: adhesion The diagnostic term ulcerative colitis means: inflammation of the colon with sores The diagnostic term for a disorder characterized by prolonged refusal to eat is: anorexia nervosa The diagnostic term for a chronic disease of the liver characterized by the gradual destruction of liver cells is: cirrhosis The surgical term that means crushing a stone in the common bile duct is: choledocholith/otripsy the surgical term cheil/orrhaphy means: suture of the lips the surgical term that means incision in to the abdominal wall is: lapar/otomy The surgical term that means suture of the tongue is: glossorrhaphy The procedural term for X-ray filming of the gallbladder is: chole/cysto/graphy The procedural term that means visual examination of the rectum is proctoscopy The term Endoscopic Gastroscop/e is defined as a(n): instrument used for visual examination of the stomach The procedural term meaning visual examination within a hollow organ is: endoscopy The term Proctoscope means: instrument used for visual examination of the rectum The procedural phrase for a barium enema with X-rays is: lower GI Series The procedural term for a series of X-ray films taken of the stomach & duodenum after barium has been swallowed is: Upper GI Series The medical term Brady/pepsia means: slow digestion The medical term Dysphagia means: difficult swallowing or eating The medical term a/pepsia means: without digestion The medical term that means physician who specializes in proctology is: proctologist The medical term gastro/dynia means: pain in the stomach The medical term Peritoneal literally means: one who holds lower viscera The term for abnormal collection of fluid in the peritoneal cavity is: ascites The medical term that means washing out the stomach is: gastric lavage The term Di/gest/ion literally means: the process of/two/separations The physi/ology (science of function or nature) term Peristalsis literally means: to contract/around The anatomical term Incis/or literally means: one who cuts in The diagnostic term Stomat/itis means: inflammation of the mouth The diagnostic term Pyloric Stenosis actually means: condition of narrowing the gate keeper The anatomical term Gastric Rugae literally means: stomach folds The diagnostic term Peptic Ulcer literally means: digestive : sore Hepatitis A, B, and C are caused by a: virus Hepatitis A is also known as: Infectious Hepatitis Hepatitis B is also known as: Serum Hepatitis Hepatitis "___" may be dormant in the body for years before the Signs and Symptoms appear. C The diagnostic term Dental Caries literally means: refers to tooth cavities The word parts dento- and donto- both mean: tooth The diagnostic term Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease can also refer to: heart burn The diagnostic term Reflux literally means: to flow again The diagnostic term Tartar refers to dental: plaque The diagnostic term Coloscopy refers to viewing and examining the: Large intestine The diagnostic term Colo/scop/e literally means: instrument to view the big or large intestine The diagnostic term Colo/scop/y literally means: procedure of viewing and examining the large intestine The diagnostic term Diverticulosis actually means: condition of out pouching in the colons rugae or fold The nutritional physiology term Bolus literally means: ball or lump The nutritional physiology term Chyme literally means: juice The inflammatory characteristics seen during a Upper GI Examination include: rubor, tumor, calor, and dolor The medical abbreviation for the Gastrointestinal System (mouth to anus): GI The medical term Enema literally means: to inject the diagnostic term Dys/phag/ia literally means: refers to difficult or faulty swallowing the diagnostic term Dys/phonia actually means: refers to faulty speaking or speech The diagnostic term "A/phasia" literally means: without speech The diagnostic term bulim/ia literally means ____________. refers to/hungry The diagnostic term Anorexia Nervosa literally means: without appetite: caused by a nervous condition The diagnostic term Hyper/cholesterol/emia is a blood condition with a cholesterol level above ____ mg per dcl (milligrams per deciliter) in a 20 Y/O. 230 The diagnostic term Crohn’s Disease is also known as: chronic regional ileitis The diagnostic term Acute Appendicitis actually means: sudden inflammation of the appendage attached to the cecum The diagnostic term Dys/entery literally means: faulty, difficult, and painful intestines The anatomical word part colo- or colono- refers to the big intestine. The word part _______ can refer to the small intestine or both intestines. entero- The alimentary (to nourish) canal is approximately _____ feet long in adults. 30 The diagnostic term Abdominal Hernia refers to: a rupture or protrusion through the abdominal wall belly enlargement The anatomical term Alimentary literally means: to nourish The diagnostic term Amebic (Amoeba) Dysentery refers to: diarrhea and dehydration caused by the Amebic one cell organism The physiological (function) importance of the digestive system is to: break foods down into small ingredients to nourish the body cells The diagnostic term Beri/beri refers to ________________ and is caused by the lack of thiamine (part of B Complex: B-1) in the diet. body weakness The diagnostic term Pell/agra refers to _________ and is caused by the lack of niacin or niacinamide in the diet. skin/rough the diagnostic term Scurvy literally means __________ and is the lack of Vitamin C in the diet. to scratch The diagnostic term Fistula refers to a: pipe stem like tube or passageway The diagnostic term Atresia refers to: closure of an opening The diagnostic term Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) refers to: painful intestines The diagnostic reference of Differential Diagnosis (D.D.) refers to: determining the difference between 2 or more similar health problems The diagnostic term Hiatal Hernia refers to: rupturing or protrusion of the stomach up through the diaphragm The anatomical term Sphincter literally means: to bind together The diagnostic term Pyloric Stenosis refers to the narrowing of the lower end of the _____________ and can lead to regular vomiting in infants. stomach . The diagnostic term Volvulus usually refers to _________of the ileum or the colon twisting Typhus literally means: stupor A Cysto/scopic Exam refers to ‘looking at’ the ________: urinary bladder inspection Cholera is commonly referred to as _______________ . It can lead to dehydration, vomiting, muscle cramps, and death. It is caused by the bacteria Vibrio cholerae. super diarrhea The process of forming urine begins in the: glomeruli capsule The tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder are the: ureters The muscular, hollow organ that temporarily holds the urine is the: urinary bladder The organ whose functions are to remove waste products from the blood and aid in maintaining water and acid base balance in the body is the: kidney The root word nephr/o- in its combining form means: kidney The prefix dia- literally and actually means: across, through, complete, or total The suffix that means nourishment or development is: -trophy the suffix that means drooping, sagging or prolapsed (kidney) is: -ptosis The suffix that means the loosening, dissolution, breakdown, or separation of (fluids or tissue) is: -lysis The diagnostic term Nephro/dexto/ptosis actually means: drooping kidney to the right The diagnostic term Ur/emia means: condition of urine in the blood The diagnostic term that means inflamed kidney and renal pelvis: pyelonephritis The diagnostic term that means kidney tumor or swelling: nephroma The diagnostic term for a congenital defect in which the urinary meatus is located on the upper surface of the penis is: epispadias The surgical term Lithotripsy means: surgical crushing of a stone The surgical term that means surgical fixation or repositioning of the kidney is: nephr/o/pexy A ureterostomy (or urostomy for short): ______________. is a surgically created opening in the ureter, redirects the ureter to the outside of the body, bypasses the bladder The diagnostic term ‘cystoscopy’ literally means: procedure to view and examine the bladder The diagnostic term "Polycystic Kidney Disease – PKD" refers to the kidney having multiple ____________ causing renal (refers to kidney) failure. sacs or blister The diagnostic term "Stag Horn Calculus" refers to _________. deer antler shape – kidney stone The diagnostic term "In-continence" literally means _________ and is seen with the lack of control of the bladder or the rectum. not contained The test that measures the amount of urea in the blood is called the: BUN Test A person with Hyper/dipsia has: excessive thirst The procedural technique in which X-rays are taken to show an organ or tissue at a particular depth is called: Tomo/graphy A Pyelo/gram is an X-ray of: the renal pelvis A wide surgical incision of the abdomen to detect disease is called a(n): staging laparotomy The procedural term Nephro/graph/y actually means: process of X-ray filming the kidney The term Cysto/scop/y means: procedural visual examination of the bladder The medical term that means Scanty or Slight Urination is: olig/uria The medical term Py/uria means: pus in the urine the medical term hemat/uria means: blood in the urine The medical term glycos/uria means: sugar in the urine The medical term that means destruction of living tissue with an electric spark is also known as (AKA): fulguration The medical term for a procedure (literally means-to let down into) that uses a flexible tube-like device to withdraw or instill fluids is: catheterization The term Di/uretic literally means double urine and actually means: agent that increases the amount of urine The term Enuresis actually means: bedwetting or involuntary urination The medical term Mictur/ition actually and literally means: the process of urinating or voiding urine The diagnostic term Hydro/nephr/o/sis actually means: condition of water backing up into kidney The diagnostic term Pyelo/nephr/itis literally means: an inflammation of the kidney and kidney pelvis The name of the structure that contains arteries, veins, lymphatics, nerves, ductus deferens, and suspends the testes in the scrotum is the: spermatic cord The male secretory structures that produce a fluid necessary for adequate sperm motility after ejaculation are called the: seminal vesicles and prostate gland The combining forms that mean "Abdomen or Belly" are: celi/o-, lapar/o-, and abdomen/o- The diagnostic term "_________" is the backward movement of urine from the bladder into the ureter or from the ureter into the kidney. urinary reflux The term "Glomerulonephritis" is an inflamed function unit of the kidney (Bowman’s capsule structures) and is classified as _________. acute, chronic or subacute The diagnostic term that means State of Undescended Testes is: cryptorchidism The diagnostic term that actually means "lack of a male erection or the ability to copulate (diminished blood flow into penile caverns)" is: im/potence – no power The term that means twisted (enlarged & distorted) spermatic cord veins and is diagnosed by palpating worm-like veins is called: varicocele The surgical term that actually means male sterilization is: vasectomy A sexually transmitted infection characterized by gum-like lesions (gummas) appearing in the tertiary stage is called: syphilis The surgical sterilization procedure that is regularly used to render an individual unable to produce offspring is called: vasectomy in males and tubal ligation in women The diagnostic term Mastectomy literally means: breast/out/cut/procedure The diagnostic term that means painful menstrual discharge is: dys/men/o/rrhea The diagnostic term "A/men/o/rrhea" actually means: absence of or a lack of a monthly menstrual flow The term that means inflamed female pelvic structures and organs is: Pelvic Inflammatory Disease – P.I.D. The surgical term that means excision of the uterus is: hyster/ectomy The new cell formed by the union of the spermatozoon and the ovum is the zygote "to join – Greek" The development of an individual from conception through pregnancy is: gestation "to bear" An unborn child from approximately the third month of pregnancy to birth is referred to as a: fetus "young" The term gravida usually means ________, but literally means_________: pregnant and heavy the term Multi/cyesis literally means: many or multiple/pregnancy The combining word part forms "nat/o- and toci-" literally means: birth The combining forms that mean "milk" are: lact/o- and galacto- The combining form parto- that is used in the term partur/ition literally means: to give birth/process of The combining form fet/o- actually means: unborn child Which of the following is not considered to be a sexually-transmitted infection? Aspergillosis Who was Syphilis? A fictional shepherd boy The diagnostic term that means pregnancy occurring outside the uterus is: ec/topic the diagnostic term that means abnormally low implantation of the placenta on the uterine wall is: placenta previa The diagnostic term for a congenital condition characterized by varying degrees of intellectual disability and multiple physical defects is: Down’s syndrome the term for a congenital defect of the vertebral column caused by the failure of the vertebral arch to fuse is: spina bifida What is used to examine the cervix and vaginal walls? speculum The procedural term for the incision into the perineum at the end of the 2nd stage of labor to avoid laceration (tearing) is ____. Episi/o/tom/y The term Hystero/salpingo/graphy (HSG) refers to a procedure used to diagnose certain problems of the _______ and _______. HSG is most often used to determine the possibility of a female becoming pregnant. uterus and uterine tubes The medical term Lact/o/rrhea or Galact/o/rrhea actually means: spontaneous discharge of milk from the breast If a baby was born with Gon/orrhea, it is: congenital The medical term dys/men/o/rrhea actually means: difficult and painful monthly flow Parturition in which the feet, arms, or buttock emerge first is called: breech birth The surgical procedure for a Tubal Ligation in women is similar to a ________________in men. vasectomy The diagnostic term Ectopic Pregnancy actually means: eembryo is attached to the female usually outside of uterus The diagnostic term Hydro/cele in males literally means: water like fluid build-up in the scrotal sac The diagnostic term Balan/itis actually means: inflamed glans penis or glans clitoris The STI term, clap, refers to this reproductive system infection. gonorrhea Signs of AIDS include: Weight loss, oral lesions and lymphadenopathy Smegma literally means _________. It can cause an irritation & inflammation of the glans penis or glans clitoris (Balan/itis). soap Trichomon/iasis is caused by a ___________ that causes a mal/odorous frothy yellow to green discharge, itching (pruritus), and burning protozoan parasite with a tail Non-Specific Urethr/itis actually means an inflammation of the urethral canal that is caused by: multiple possible etiologic agents Which of these is not a common location of scabies rashes? thighs, wrists, between fingers Genital Warts can include: Papilloma "nipple-like raised warts", Molluscum contagiosum "soft flat warts", Verruca acuminata "rough, vulgar or common, warts" The term Herpes literally means to creep and it can cause diseases like Chickenpox, Shingles, Herpes Simplex I (Oral Herpes), and Herpes Simplex II (___________________). genital herpes The Condylomata acuminata (common genital warts) are contagious STIs usually on the anus, vulva, penis, thighs, and/or perineum. The lesions usually are moist, soft, red or pink, and can be: cauliflower-like, solitary and pedunculated "pedicle", knuckle-like or nipple-like Speculum is used in female pelvic exams to expand the walls of the: vagina The diagnostic term that actually means a human with a very large head is _______________. The etiology is usually the retention of CSF in the brain ventricles, causing outward skull plate pressure and an enlarged skull. macro/cephalus or hydro/cephalus The diagnostic term placenta previa (cake: first or early) actually means: low implantation & possible miscarriage The diagnostic term abruptio placentae actually means: premature separation of cake The _____________ Endocrine Gland is referred to as the Master Gland (of the body) because it secretes multiple hormones that influence multiple body function. pituitary The name of the Pituitary Hormone that is essential to the growth, development and continued function of the adrenal cortex is: adreno/cortico/trophic hormone – ACTH SYN: Corticotropin The Pituitary Hormone that stimulates uterine contractions during female labor is: oxytocin The pituitary lobe that secretes Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone (ACTH), Growth Hormone (GH), and Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) is called the: anterior lobe The _______________ pituitary lobe stores and releases Anti/di/uret/ic Hormone (ADH) and Oxy/tocin. posterior The Thyroid Hormone that regulates carbohydrate metabolism is: thyroxin or thyroxine Located in front of the lower voice box and the upper trachea (rough), the ___________ Gland is the largest endocrine gland and is shaped like a shield. thyroid The four small dime size glands that lie directly upon and behind the Thyroid Gland are the _____________ Glands. They secrete para/thormone that is responsible for regulating body calcium usage. parathyroid the endocrine glands located above each kidney (divided into 2 portions called the medulla "marrow-like" and the cortex "bark-like") are the: adrenal glands The name of the hormone that helps to maintain the level of calcium in the blood and is produced by the four Parathyroid Glands is: parathormone The hormone that plays an important role in the control of blood sugar levels and controls hyperglycemic and hypoglycemic body responses is: insulin from the beta cells of the Isles of Langerhans in the pancreas The hormone that helps the body deal with stress is: epinephrine The compound term "Poly/dips/ia" literally means: much/thirst/refers to The combining forms that mean "poison" are: toxic/o-, viro-, or septo- The term Hypo/glyc/emia literally means: low or below/sugar levels/blood The prefixes e-, ec-, ect-, ecto-, ex-, and exo- all mean: out or outside The diagnostic term for the state of excessive thyroxin production, which causes high sugar use levels and hyperactivity is: hyperthyroidism The medical term Endo/crin/olog/ist actually means: specialist in the science and study of glands of internal secretion (into the blood stream) The diagnostic term for a chronic disease caused by under activity of the Islets of Langerhans (Beta Cells) in the pancreas is: Diabetes Mellitus – sweet or sugar excess – Type I and II A "EEG" is used to record information about _____ electrical activity. brain The condition resulting in muscle spasms (poor nerve communications) due to an abnormally low concentration of calcium in the blood is: tetany The medical diagnostic term Syn/drome actually means: set of signs and symptoms that run together The medical term for the sum total of all the chemical processes that take place in a living organism is _______________. It literally and actually means – the state of/changing/a lump (of food). metabolism he term given to substances secreted by Endo/crine (within blood/secrete) Glands that means to urge on is: hormone The lack of _____________ can cause premature aging. human growth hormone Dia/betes literally means: through/passing Graves’ Disease is also known as: Hyperthyroidism Dwarf/ism (irregular proportioned and "shortness/state") is often seen with Pro/geria (before/old or aged). The probable cause is heredity factors or the lack of pituitary _______ production that leads to complete premature aging. HGH the inability to sleep is often caused by the lack of the Pineal Gland to secrete: melatonin The Parathyroid Gland produces Para/thormone, which regulate body calcium blood levels and prevents: tetany or muscle spasms How many hormones does the pituitary gland secrete in men? 6 The anterior part of the pituitary gland secretes which hormones? Luteiniz/ing, Growth, Thyroid Stimulating and Adrenocorticotrophic Ulcers are commonly seen in people with: diabetes The hormone _____ increases in the blood to a level that causes LH to be released from the anterior pituitary. estrogen A "EKG or ECG" is used to record information about _____ electrical activity. heart