University:
West Coast University
Course:
NURS 110 | Introduction to Professional Nursing
Academic year:

2023
Views:

208

Pages:

3
Author:

Alexa Livingston

Reminders of the step-by-step process to ABG analysis 1. Know, or have handy, your normal values 2. Always look at pH first 3. Look at PaCO2 4. Look at HCO3- and Base Excess 5. Look at PaO2 (Oxygen)- consider the FiO2 Normal values pH 7.35 – 7.45 PaCO2 35 – 45 (mmHg) PaO2 80 – 100 (mmHg) HCO 3 22 – 26 mmol/l BE -2 « +2 Analyse the following ABG results and label each e.g. ‘non-compensated respiratory acidosis’ For each, discuss the findings and what might be happening with body systems and general observations (e.g. the respiratory system and respiratory rate) 1) pH PaCO2 PaO2 HCO3BE 7.33 – acidic 39 – normal 75 – low 18 – acidic -5 - acidic Metabolic acidosis - no signs of compensation 2) pH PaCO2 PaO2 HCO3BE 7.49 33 75 23 +1 Ph – alkalosis CD – slightly low (<35 signals alkalosis) Oxygen low Respiratory alkalosis – no signs of compensation 3) pH 7.34 PaCO2 31 PaO2 75 HCO3- 17 BE -6 Ph acidic CD alkaline Ph – acidic BE – acidic Metabolic acidosis – slightly compensated (Co2 levels) 4) pH PaCO2 paO2 HCO3BE 7.33 46 90 26 +1 - acidic - acidic - normal – slightly low - normal - normal Respiratory acidosis – no signs of compensation 5) pH PaCO2 PaO2 HCO3BE 7.33 - acidic 40 - normal 85 - normal 19 - acidic -3 - acidic Metabolic acidosis – no signs of compensation 6) pH 7.36 - normal PaCO2 30 - low acidic PaO2 60 - low HCO3- 18 - acidic BE -4 - acidic Metabolic acidosis – fully compensated (note - CO2 + pH levels are back to normal) 7) pH 7.2 PaCO2 60 PaO2 50 HCO3- 34 BE +9 - acidic - VERY acidic - very low - very alkaline - very acidic Respiratory acidosis – partially compensated respiratory acidosis ( extreme case with such a high level of HC0-3) 8) pH 7.5 PaCO2 49 PaO2 80 HCO3- 32 BE +7 - alkaline - acidic - normal - alkaline - alkaline Partially compensated – metabolic alkalosis (note CO2 levels) 9) pH 7.26 – acidic PaCO2 42 – normal PaO2 95 - normal HCO3- 19 - acidic BE -4 - acidic Metabolic acidosis – partially compensated (note CO2 levels) 10) pH 7.35 - normal PaCO2 50 PaO2 70 HCO3- 34 BE + 6 - acidic - low - acidic - alkaline Respiratory acidosis – fully compensated (note – HC03 + ph level that is back to normal) Analyse the following and describe what is happening: 1) pH 7.22 PaCO2 38 PaO2 80 HCO3- 17 BE -4 pH 7.31 PaCO 2 32 PaO2 80 HCO 3- 20 BE -4  - Heads back to normal (less acidic) - more acidic - same - less acidic - same Metabolic acidosis – becomes partly compensated (pH returning to normal + CD levels dropping) 2) pH 7.55 PaCO2 45 PaO2 90 HCO3- 30 BE +4 alkaline normal normal alkalosis alkaline  pH 7.53 alkaline PaCO 2 47 ^ PaO2 90 HCO 3- 30 BE +4 Metabolic alkalosis (not compensated)  metabolic alkalosis (partly compensated – pH level) 3) pH 7.2 acidosis PaCO2 65 acidosis PaO2 100 normal HCO3- 24 normal BE 0 normal  pH 7.27 PaCO 2 50 PaO2 85 HCO 3- 29 BE +3 Respiratory acidosis  partly compensated respiratory acidosis 4) pH 7.5 alkaline PaCO2 33 alkaline PaO2 78 low HCO3- 26 alkaline BE - 0.2 acidic  pH 7.5 PaCO 2 30 PaO2 78 HCO 3- 19 BE -3 Respiratory alkalosis   respiratory alkalosis -partly compensated (note HCO3- level decreasing as kidneys excrete HCO3- in an attempt to decrease alkalinity – this may be offsetÝng the worsening alkalosis as seen in the decreasing CO2 levels but no change in pH) 5) pH PaCO2 PaO2 HCO3BE 7.36 60 60 35 +10  pH PaCO2 PaO2 HCO3BE 7.28 75 50 35 +10