Med Surg 2 Concept Map Medications

Medication Name fluticasonevilanterol Dose Route Freq 10025mcg intran daily asal 50 mg by mouth 3 times per day 25 mcg intrana sal daily hydralazine Indications (PRN meds must include MD ordered Indication) nasal spray is indicated for the management of the nasal symptoms of perennial nonallergic rhinitis in adult and pediatric patients aged 4 years and older. treat high blood pressure. Hydralazine is in a class of medications called vasodilators. It works by relaxing the blood vessels so that blood can flow more easily through the body. Management of mild-to-moderate Mechanism of Action Side Effects/ Adverse Reactions Nursing Considerations Potent, locally acting anti-inflammatory and immune modifier. CNS: dizziness, headache. EENT: epistaxis, nasal burning, nasal congestion, nasal irritation, nasal perforation, nasal ulceration, pharyngitis, rhinorrhea, sneezing, tearing eyes. GI: dry mouth, esophageal candidiasis, nausea, vomiting. Derm: rash, urticaria. Endo: adrenal suppression, growth suppression. Resp: bronchospasm, cough. Misc: anaphylaxis, angioedema Monitor degree of nasal stuffiness, amount of color of nasal discharge, and frequency of sneezing. Patients on long-term therapy should have periodic otolaryngologic examinations to monitor nasal mucosa and passages for infection or ulceration. Periodic adrenal function tests may be ordered to assess degree of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis suppression in chronic therapy. Direct-acting peripheral arteriolar vasodilator. Therapeutic Effects: Lowering of BP in hypertensive patients and decreased afterload in patients with HF. Headache, loss of appetite (anorexia), nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fast heart rate, chest pain. Caution patient to avoid sudden changes in posi- tion to minimize orthostatic hypotension Increase excretion of sodium and water by CNS: dizziness, drowsiness, lethargy, weakness. CV: Always check potassium level (3.5–5 mEq/L) and BP prior to giving. hydrochlorothi azide hypertension. Treatment of edema associated with congestive heart failure (CHF), renal dysfunction, cirrhosis, corticosteroid therapy, and estrogen therapy. inhibiting sodium reabsorption in the distal tubule. Promote excretion of chloride, potassium, magnesium, and bicarbonate. May produce arteriolar dilation. ind to beta2adrenergic receptors in airway smooth muscle, leading to activation of adenylcyclase and increased levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). Metabolism of all nutrients is increased, promoting cell growth and increased protein synthesis. albuterolipratropium PRN intran asal Q 4 hrs Used as a bronchodilator for control and prevention of reversible airway obstruction caused by asthma or COPD. levothyroxine 175 mcg intran asal daily metformin 500 mg By mouth 2x/day Aspirin 81mg By mouth daily Replacement therapy in clients without thyroid hor- mone, or pharmacologic doses to enhance diminished thyroid function. Management of type 2 diabetes mellitus; may be used with diet, insulin, or sulfonylurea oral hypoglycemics. Treatment of inflammatory : Decreases hepatic glucose production. Decreases intestinal glucose absorption. Increases sensitivity of the cell receptors to insulin. Inhibits the production of hypotension. GI: anorexia, cramping, hepatitis, nausea, vomiting. Derm: photosensitivity, rashes. Endo: hyperglycemia. F and E: hypokalemia, dehydration, hypercalcemia, hypochloremia alkalosis, hypomagnesemia, hyponatremia, hypophosphatemia, hypovolemia. Hemat: blood dyscrasias. Metab: hyperuricemia, elevated lipids. MS: muscle cramps. Misc: pancreatitis. nervousness, restlessness, tremor, headache, insomnia Watch the ECG for arrhythmias. Bone marrow suppression can occur so monitor the CBC. CNS: insomnia, irritability, nervousness, headache. CV: cardiovascular collapse, arrhythmias, tachycardia Monitor T3, T4, and thyroidstimulating hormone (TSH) levels (TSH is high when thyroid function is low). Monitor glucose, weight, and increasing physical and mental energy. abdominal bloating, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, unpleasant metallic taste. Follow prescribed diet, medication, and exercise regimen to remain euglycemic. Symptoms of lactic acidosis should be reported to the health care professional immediately. EENT: hearing loss, tinnitus. GI: GI bleeding, dyspepsia, Monitor liver and renal function, electrolytes, bleeding time, CBC, and Take this medication exactly as directed, Contact the HCP immediately if SOB is not relieved by medication. clopidogrel 75 mg By mouth daily isosorbide 60 mg By mouth daily rosuvastatin 40 mg By mouth daily disorders prostaglandins. Also decreases platelet aggregation epigastric distress, heartburn, nausea, abdominal pain, anorexia, hepatotoxicity, vomiting. NS: depression, dizziness, fatigue, headache. EENT: epistaxis. Resp: cough, dyspnea. CV: chest pain, edema, hypertension. GI: GI bleeding, serum drug levels if on long-term therapy. Tinnitus is a sign of toxicity. Reduction of atherosclerotic events (MI, stroke, vascular death) in clients at risk for such events, including those with recent MI, acute coronary syn- drome (unstable angina/non–Qwave MI), stroke, or peripheral vascular disease. Acute (translingual and SL) and long-term prophylactic (oral, buccal, transdermal) management of angina pectoris. Adjunctive treatment of chronic CHF. primary prevention of coronary heart disease (MI, stroke, angina, and coronary revascularization) in asymptomatic clients with increased total and Decrease blood viscosity by inhibiting platelet aggregation and decreasing fibrinogen. Increase coronary blood flow by dilating coronary arteries and improving collateral flow to ischemic regions. CNS: dizziness, headache, apprehension, rest- lessness, weakness. EENT: blurred vision. CV: hypotension, tachycardia, syncope.GI: abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting. Derm: contact dermatitis (transdermal or ointment). Misc: cross-tolerance, flushing, tolerance. Use of nitrates in any form with sildenafil, tadalafil, and vardenafil increases the risk for serious and potentially fatal hypotension. Always assess the blood pressure prior to administration. inhibit 3-hydroxy-3methylglutarylcoenzyme A (HMGCoA) reductase, an enzyme responsible for catalyzing an early step in the synthesis of cholesterol. CNS: dizziness, headache, insomnia, weakness. EENT: rhinitis. Resp: bronchitis. CV: chest pain, peripheral edema. GI: abdominal cramps Evaluate serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels before initiating medication, after 2-4 wk of therapy, and periodically thereafter. Monitor client for signs of thrombotic thrombolytic purpura. Monitor bleeding time during therapy. Prolonged bleeding time, which is time and dose dependent, is expected. Monitor CBC with differential and platelet count periodically during therapy. low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and decreased highdensity lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol.