Chapter 10 Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ 1. The population change in a particular year can be calculated by a. (deaths + emigration) - (births + immigration). b. (births + immigration) - (deaths + emigration). c. (deaths + immigration) - (births + emigration). d. (births + emigration) - (deaths + immigration). e. (births + deaths) - (immigration + emigration). 2. The crude birth rate is the number of live births per ____ persons in a given year. a. 50 b. 100 c. 500 d. 1,000 e. 10,000 3. The highest crude birth rate and crude death rate are in a. Africa. b. Latin America. c. Asia. d. Europe. e. Oceania. 4. Between 1963 and 2000, the human population size a. dropped 94%. b. rose 94%. c. dropped 41%. d. remained stable. e. rose 39%. 5. Which of the following statements about the world's population is false? a. Together, China and India make up 38% of the world's population. b. The most rapid population growth is taking place in developing countries. c. Africa has the highest population growth rate. d. When the total fertility rate drops below the replacement-level fertility, the population is balanced and stops growing. e. Europe has a negative growth rate. 6. Which of the following countries would produce the greatest rise in population size from experiencing a growth rate of 1.2%? a. country A, with a population of 100,000 b. country B, with a population of 1 million c. country C, with a population of 10 million d. country D, with a population of 1 billion e. country E, with a population of 100 million 7. Which of the following would contribute the greatest number to total population size in one year? a. a country of 1.5 million people with a growth rate of 3% b. a country of 5 million people with a growth rate of 2.5% c. a country of 100 million people with a growth rate of 2% d. a country of 500 million people with a growth rate of 1.5% e. a country of 10 million people with a growth rate of 2.5 % ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ 8. The actual average replacement-level fertility for the whole world is slightly higher than a. 1 child per couple. b. 2 children per couple. c. 3 children per couple. d. 4 children per couple. e. 5 children per couple. 9. The most useful measure of fertility for projecting future population change is the a. replacement-level fertility. b. one-year future fertility level. c. total fertility rate. d. birth rate. e. abortion rate. 10. The birth rate in the United States has been at or below replacement level for about a. 8 years. b. 18 years. c. 28 years. d. 38 years. e. 48 years. 11. The total fertility rate in the United States reached a peak a. when the United States was dominated by an agricultural economy during the late 1700s. b. after the Civil War, in the 1870s. c. after World War I, in the mid-1920s. d. after World War II, in the mid-1950s. e. after the Vietnam War, in the mid-1970s. 12. The industrialized country with the highest teenage pregnancy rate is a. Japan. b. Germany. c. the United States. d. France. e. Britain. 13. Social factors affecting birth and fertility rates include a. attitudes toward large families and birth control. b. average levels of education and affluence. c. urbanization. d. all of these answers e. none of these answers 14. Of the following forms of birth control, the most effective is a. total abstinence. b. condom (good brand). c. hormonal implant. d. diaphragm plus spermicide. e. oral contraceptives. 15. Of the following forms of birth control, the least effective is a. IUD plus spermicide. b. oral contraceptive. c. hormonal implant. d. rhythm method. e. condom (good brand). 16. Which of the following statements is false? a. b. c. d. ____ 17. ____ 18. ____ 19. ____ 20. ____ 21. ____ 22. ____ 23. The rise in the size of the human population is due primarily to a higher birth rate. Increased food supplies and medical care have increased life expectancy. Only a few countries annually accept a large number of immigrants or refugees. Migration within countries plays an important role in the population dynamics of cities, towns, and rural areas. e. Women with access to education and jobs usually have fewer children. The age structure of a population is the number or percentage of a. females age 14 years or under. b. females age 15 to 44. c. males age 15 to 44. d. persons of each sex at each age level. e. persons of each sex age 15 to 44. Population age structure diagrams can be divided into all of the following categories except a. infant. b. prereproductive. c. reproductive. d. postreproductive. e. a and b only Age structure diagrams a. show only two age groups: reproductive and not reproductive. b. show the number of males and females in the infant category. c. are strictly for present use and do not provide insight into future trends. d. are useful for comparing one population with another. e. are useful for studying developing countries but not developed countries. All of the following countries accept large numbers of immigrants except a. the United States. b. Mexico. c. Canada. d. Australia. e. Germany. In 2002, legal and illegal immigration accounted for ____ of U.S. population growth. a. 10% b. 20% c. 30% d. 40% e. 50% The term demographic transition refers to a. a requirement for a population to reach a specific size before it becomes stable. b. the slowing down in the growth of a population as it approaches the carrying capacity. c. the decline in death rates followed by decline in birth rates when a country becomes industrialized. d. the decline in death rates followed by a decline in birth rates that occurred when the germ theory of disease was discovered. e. all of these answers The change that takes place in a demographic transition occurs when a. one-third of the population is under 15 years of age. b. the birth rate drops below the death rate. c. the economic development of a country changes the population growth pattern. d. either immigration or emigration changes the population growth pattern. ____ 24. ____ 25. ____ 26. ____ 27. e. a population reaches one million. The demographic transition model helps to explain why a. death rates rise in industrializing nations. b. industrialization leads to population growth. c. development requires large populations. d. death rates fall before birth rates. e. birth rates fall before death rates. Which of the following statements about India is(are) true? a. There is a strong preference for female children. b. Many cultural norms favor large families. c. Indian women still have an average of 2.1 children. d. Government pensions have eliminated the need for large families. e. Women don't have access to birth control. Which of the following statements about China is false? a. In the last quarter century, China's crude birth rate dropped from 32 to 25 per 1,000 people. b. Total fertility dropped from 5.7 to 1.8 children per woman. c. Life expectancy is 12 years higher than India. d. Illiteracy is about one-third of India's rate. e. Married couples have access to free birth control. All of the following countries achieved replacement-level fertility within 15-30 years except a. Japan. b. Thailand. c. India. d. Taiwan. e. Canada. Matching ____ 28. Choose the stage in which population growth continues but at a slower and perhaps a fluctuating rate. ____ 29. Choose the stage that has a high birth rate and a high death rate. ____ 30. Choose the stage in which most countries experience zero growth rate. ____ 31. Choose the stage in which death rates decrease and birth rates are high. Short Answer Exhibit 10-8 32. Of the countries represented in Exhibit 10-8, which country is losing more children to death? 33. Based on Exhibit 10-8, is it fair to say that Nigeria is a country of young people? 34. Based on Exhibit 10-8, why is it fair to say that Nigeria is a country of young people? Chapter 10 Answer Section MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. ANS: TOP: 2. ANS: TOP: 3. ANS: TOP: 4. ANS: TOP: 5. ANS: TOP: 6. ANS: TOP: 7. ANS: TOP: 8. ANS: TOP: 9. ANS: TOP: 10. ANS: TOP: 11. ANS: TOP: 12. ANS: TOP: 13. ANS: TOP: 14. ANS: TOP: 15. ANS: TOP: 16. ANS: TOP: 17. ANS: 18. ANS: 19. ANS: 20. ANS: TOP: 21. ANS: TOP: 22. ANS: TOP: 23. ANS: TOP: B DIF: M 10-1 FACTORS AFFECTING HUMAN POPULATION SIZE D DIF: E 10-1 FACTORS AFFECTING HUMAN POPULATION SIZE A DIF: E 10-1 FACTORS AFFECTING HUMAN POPULATION SIZE B DIF: E 10-1 FACTORS AFFECTING HUMAN POPULATION SIZE D DIF: D 10-1 FACTORS AFFECTING HUMAN POPULATION SIZE D DIF: M 10-1 FACTORS AFFECTING HUMAN POPULATION SIZE D DIF: M 10-1 FACTORS AFFECTING HUMAN POPULATION SIZE B DIF: E 10-1 FACTORS AFFECTING HUMAN POPULATION SIZE C DIF: M 10-1 FACTORS AFFECTING HUMAN POPULATION SIZE C DIF: E 10-1 FACTORS AFFECTING HUMAN POPULATION SIZE D DIF: M 10-1 FACTORS AFFECTING HUMAN POPULATION SIZE C DIF: E 10-1 FACTORS AFFECTING HUMAN POPULATION SIZE D DIF: E 10-1 FACTORS AFFECTING HUMAN POPULATION SIZE A DIF: M 10-1 FACTORS AFFECTING HUMAN POPULATION SIZE D DIF: E 10-1 FACTORS AFFECTING HUMAN POPULATION SIZE A DIF: D 10-1 FACTORS AFFECTING HUMAN POPULATION SIZE D DIF: M TOP: 10-2 POPULATION AGE STRUCTURE A DIF: E TOP: 10-2 POPULATION AGE STRUCTURE D DIF: M TOP: 10-2 POPULATION AGE STRUCTURE B DIF: M 10-3 SOLUTIONS: INFLUENCING POPULATION SIZE D DIF: E 10-3 SOLUTIONS: INFLUENCING POPULATION SIZE C DIF: M 10-3 SOLUTIONS: INFLUENCING POPULATION SIZE C DIF: M 10-3 SOLUTIONS: INFLUENCING POPULATION SIZE 24. ANS: TOP: 25. ANS: 26. ANS: 27. ANS: D DIF: M 10-3 SOLUTIONS: INFLUENCING POPULATION SIZE B DIF: D TOP: 10-4 CASE STUDIES: INDIA AND CHINA A DIF: D TOP: 10-4 CASE STUDIES: INDIA AND CHINA C DIF: E TOP: 10-5 CUTTING GLOBAL POPULATION GROWTH MATCHING 28. 29. 30. 31. ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: C A D B DIF: DIF: DIF: DIF: M M M M OBJ: OBJ: OBJ: OBJ: Labeling Labeling Labeling Labeling SHORT ANSWER 32. ANS: Nigeria DIF: E 33. ANS: Yes OBJ: Critical Thinking DIF: E OBJ: Critical Thinking 34. ANS: Almost half (44%) of the population is under 15 and only 3% are 65 or older. DIF: M OBJ: Critical Thinking