EOY Energy Review

Energy Review Name: 1. Date: Use the information below to answer the following question(s). 3. Casey is using a lever system to lift a box. A ashlight is a system of parts that work together, as shown in the diagram below Which of the following should Casey do to make the box easier to lift? What part of a ashlight provides energy? A. battery B. bulb C. spring D. switch A. Casey should move the fulcrum closer to the box. B. Casey should move the box on top of the fulcrum. C. Casey should move the fulcrum farther from the box. D. Casey should move the box closer to the edge of the lever. 2. The picture below shows a light bulb. 4. The picture below shows a seesaw. The bottom of this light bulb is an example of what type of simple machine? A seesaw on a playground is an example of what type of simple machine? A. a lever B. a pulley A. lever B. C. a screw D. a wedge C. wedge D. wheel and axle page 1 screw 5. The picture below shows a pair of scissors. Scissors are an example of a complex machine. Which of the following simple machines are combined to make scissors? A. lever and gear B. gear and pulley C. lever and wedge D. wedge and pulley page 2 Energy Review 6. Machine X produces the least amount of power in a factory. Since power is determined by the amount of work done and the time it takes, which Work vs. Time graph explains the power produced by Machine X? A. B. C. D. page 3 Energy Review 7. This is a graph representing work versus time. What does the slope of the graph represent? A. acceleration B. impulse C. power D. velocity page 4 Energy Review 8. A student holding a ball releases it, and the ball falls to the oor. Which graph best shows the changes in potential energy and kinetic energy of the ball as it falls to the oor? Key potential energy kinetic energy A. B. C. D. page 5 Energy Review 9. A person uses 25.0 J of kinetic energy to push an object for 11.0 s. How are work and power a ected if the person uses the same amount of kinetic energy to push the object in less time? A. The power will increase, and the amount of work will increase. B. The power will increase, and the amount of work will remain the same. C. The power will decrease, and the amount of work will remain the same. 11. Which best describes a parallel circuit? A. Electricity ows along one pathway. B. The ow of electricity comes from one source. C. Electricity ows along more than one pathway. D. The ow of electricity comes from more than one source. D. The power will decrease, and the amount of work will decrease. 12. 10. Look at the diagram of the circuit below. Workers must move a new refrigerator into a home. This requires taking the refrigerator up steps reaching 3 meters o the ground. Which of the ramps would require the least amount of e ort by the workers? A. B. Which statement best describes what will happen if Bulb 2 burns out? C. D. A. Bulb 1 will also burn out. B. Bulb 1 will ash on and o . C. Bulb 1 will stay lit and become brighter. D. Bulb 1 will stay lit but will become less bright. page 6 Energy Review 13. The diagram below shows an electrical circuit. 15. What will happen if a wire is disconnected? This circuit is a series circuit because A. it has two light bulbs. B. the same current bulbs. C. it uses a single battery. A circuit is shown. ows through both light A. Electricity will continue to ow. B. The battery will run out of energy. C. The bell will be unable to ring. D. The bulb will stay lit. D. the current is divided between the light bulbs. 14. Adding a second battery to an electromagnet will . A. decrease the resistance in the wire B. decrease the magnetism in the wire C. increase the current owing through the wire D. increase the amount of current needed to magnetize the wire page 7 Energy Review 16. The picture below shows a lit bulb. 18. The diagrams below show a model airplane. Which sentence explains what happens to the electric energy as the light shines? A. The electric energy gets used up. B. The electric energy changes into light and heat energy and is destroyed. C. The electric energy is created again after it produces light and heat energy. D. The electric energy changes into light and heat energy and is not destroyed. 17. A person cuts down a living oak tree. The person burns the wood from the oak tree to boil water. Which sequence correctly orders the energy transformations that occurred from the living tree to the boiling of water? A. Which energy transformation occurs in a rubber band powered model airplane when it is own? light energy ! chemical energy ! thermal energy B. thermal energy ! chemical energy ! light energy C. chemical energy ! mechanical energy ! electrical energy D. electrical energy ! mechanical energy ! chemical energy A. Thermal energy stored in the rubber band is transformed into chemical energy used by the propeller. B. Kinetic energy stored in the rubber band is transformed into thermal energy used by the propeller. C. Chemical energy stored in the rubber band is transformed into potential energy used by the propeller. D. Potential energy stored in the rubber band is transformed into mechanical energy used by the propeller. page 8 Energy Review 20. 19. The Rocket's Red Glare A family is moving from Pennsylvania to Connecticut during the summer. As the moving van burns gasoline in its engine, it . converts On the 4th of July there was a reworks display near the Connecticut River in Hartford. There were many di erent colorful reworks in the show. A. chemical energy into mechanical energy B. kinetic energy into potential energy Energy changes occur during the ight of a rework rocket. Which of the following represents a correct energy change? C. thermal energy into electrical energy D. mechanical energy into kinetic energy A. When the rework rocket left the ground, chemical potential energy was changed into kinetic energy. B. When the rework rocket exploded, kinetic energy was changed into chemical potential energy. C. During the rise of the rework rocket, gravitational potential energy was changed to kinetic energy. D. During the rise of the rework rocket, gravitational potential energy was changed to heat, light and sound. page 9 Energy Review 21. Work is performed on an object by raising it 2 m above the oor. Which of the following types of energy must change in this situation? A. chemical energy B. C. mechanical energy D. thermal energy 23. A solar panel is used to collect energy from the Sun and change it into other forms of energy. The picture below shows some solar panels on the roof of a building. magnetic energy Which form of energy is collected by the solar panels? 22. A. wind B. sound C. magnetic D. light The water contained in a geyser system gains energy from the underground material surrounding it. The water molecules gain kinetic energy and this results in an increase in the pressure of the water. Eventually the geyser erupts and expels water into the air above ground. Which of the following types of energy is the source for the initial energy gain of the water? A. electrical B. magnetic C. mechanical D. thermal 24. page 10 Energy appears in many forms. What form of energy is lightning? A. electrical energy B. mechanical energy C. magnetic energy D. sound energy Energy Review 25. The picture below shows a compass. 28. heat B. C. magnetic D. sound In which example would the amount of work done equal zero? A. B. C. law of conservation of energy B. law of conservation of matter C. Newton's second law light 29. 26. A. D. Newton's third law Which type of energy causes the needle on this compass to move? A. An inventor claims to have designed a perpetual motion machine, a device that creates its own power. Which of the following laws best explains why a perpetual motion machine cannot work? holding a 1,000-N rock overhead Which of the following increases when a metal spring is stretched horizontally? A. potential energy B. kinetic energy C. gravitational energy D. electrical energy ling papers in a le cabinet carrying a bag of groceries upstairs D. writing a book report 30. 27. Which of the following converts electrical energy into motion? A. light switch B. C. light bulb D. electric fan Which of the following best demonstrates kinetic energy? A. Light bulb B. Bird in ight C. Book on a shelf D. Flashlight battery electric stove page 11 Energy Review 31. The diagram below represents a diver's motion from the top of a high diving board into a pool of water. 32. A roller coaster car moves on a roller coaster track through positions W, X, Y, and Z. At what position will the roller coaster car most likely have the greatest kinetic energy? A. W B. X C. Y D. Z At which labeled point does the diver have the least potential energy? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 page 12 Energy Review 33. Maria made the following chart. Types of Potential Energy 1 Elastic Rubber band 2 Gravitational 3 Ball at top of stairs Chemical Food She wants to add these examples to the chart: Matches stretchy hair band Car at the top of a hill Which of these shows the correct placement of the examples in the numbered columns of the chart? A. C. Matches: 3 B. Matches: 2 Stretchy hair band: 2 Stretchy hair band: 1 Car at the top of a hill: 1 Car at the top of a hill: 3 Matches: 3 D. Matches: 1 Stretchy hair band: 1 Stretchy hair band: 3 Car at the top of a hill: 2 Car at the top of a hill: 2 page 13 Energy Review 34. The picture below shows the path of a basketball when a player takes a shot at the basket. 35. A bicyclist rides down a hill, as shown below. At which point is the bicyclist's gravitational potential energy the lowest? At which point does the ball have the greatest potential energy? Explain your answer. page 14 A. point W B. point X C. point Y D. point Z Energy Review