This paper posits that teaching NNS “English as a Lingua Franca” (ELF) is superior to teaching them a preferred form of “correct” English as propounded by “English as a Native Language” (ENL). Proponents of ENL subscribe to a parochial dogma concerning the preferability of a “standardised” or ostensibly accurate form of English (Kirkpatrick, 2006). They believe in instilling NNS these...
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Abstract Sign language is a language that Deaf people use to communicate with other normal people in the community. Although the sign language is known to hearing-impaired people due to its widespread use among them, it is not known much by other normal people. In this project, we have developed a real-time sign language recognition system for people who do...
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Abstract Rapid industrialization , urbanization processes and poor management of industrial effluent has led to the incorporation of pollutants such as pesticides, petroleum products, acids and heavy metals in the natural resources like soil, water and air thus degrading not only the quality of the environment, but also affecting both plants and animals. Seed is a developmental stage that is...
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Everybody wants a perfect child, but not everyone can get their way. Babies were meant to be created naturally. This world is evolving drastically, heading straight for destruction and is moving closer and closer to being able to make babies exactly how the parents want them to look. Our people today have went from cross-breeding animals to really the actual...
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NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory developed a spacecraft Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) and launched on November 7, 1996 for studying Mars’s surface. It accomplished its primary mission on January 2001 and was continuing its third mission after extension. It was working perfect for 9 years, 52 days until a problem in the software caused it to come to a halt. [1]...
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In this section of my Extended Project Qualification, I will be discussing the potential viewpoints surrounding my question; namely whether or not the English language will ever become the only native language of the British Isles to still be in use. For clarity’s sake, I will be considering native languages to include English, and the Insular Celtic languages- except Breton.I...
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Introduction Space exploration has always been a popular topic of discussion ever since the launching of Apollo 11. Even more recent, Elon Musk’s space program, SpaceX, has announced that they will be sending citizens to space which demonstrates that through a variety of space related events, society has been swayed into supporting space exploration. In fact, Pew Research Center, a...
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Biotechnology is defined as using living organisms or their elements to create useful products for human benefits or to solve a problem. Historical examples of biotechnology are: fermentation, selective breeding, and the use of antibiotics. Modern examples of biotechnology consist of: Recombinant DNA technology and the Human Genome Project. There are about seven different applications involving biotechnology, but the one...
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Introduction Black holes are among the weirdest and least understood things in the universe. What do they look like? How do they die? And what happens if you fall into one? In this article, we are going to talk about the life cycle of Black Holes - from birth to death. Fusion of Stars Stars, like the Sun, are huge...
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The 12th of April, 1961, Yuri Gagarin completed his first orbit around Earth in the Vostok spacecraft taking the title of the first person to journey in outer space. Some 7 years later, Neil Armstrong touches down on the moon. Nearly 600 million people watched the Apollo 11 moon landing and its historic achievement. These were the two main events...
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As suggested by the researchers, web tools offer potential ground for supporting individual personal learning (Severance et al., 2008; Woo et al., 2011) by empowering their perception and valuable activity exploration (Boruta et al., 2011; Gardner, 2011; Mortimer, 2010; Shihab, 2008). This review of literature provides a context and groundwork for the investigation that attempted to discover the affordances and...
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Globalization worldwide has started from several years ago. Not only in one aspect, but various aspects such as culture, economy, and politics. According to Oxford Living Dictionary (2019), “Globalization is the process by which businesses or other organization develop international influence or start operating on an international scale.” Namely, these organizations open a network with others from the other areas...
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Soil salinity is a major constraint that adversely affects crop yields in many parts of the world. About one billion hectares of land is adversely affected by salinity worldwide, due to flooding and ocean surge, soil salinity increases by 10% annually (FAO, 1988). High sodium ion (Na+) concentration which is the major cause of salinity is toxic to the plant...
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Abstract Beneficial effect of plants in treatment of diabetes is well-known in traditional medicine and confirmed in numerous scientific studies. The basic platform for testing potential antidiabetic activity of traditionally known plants and their bioactive compounds are experiments in vitro. These assays usually measured enzyme inhibitory activity such as α-amylase and α-glucosidase controlling starch breakdown and other aspects connected with...
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Gold was a $1,278.75 a troy ounce as the rate of dollar increased 0.1 per cent. The report on China’s economic growth was released on the last weeks where it points towards slower growth in 28 years at 6.6 per cent, and in the last quarter, the growth was 6.4 per cent. The country introduced a number of actions including...
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Introduction When studying the factors affecting second language acquisition (SLA) it is important that we consider the differences among L2 learners as these differences can result in different levels of impact on them. Clearly, some language learners demonstrate better abilities in learning a second / foreign language than others. This can be due to internal factors (e.g., age, personality and...
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Introduction Some students learn faster and easily a new language than others. Clearly, some language learners are successful by virtue of their sheer determination, hard work and persistence. Nevertheless, there are other crucial factors influencing success that can’t be controlled by the learner. These factors can be broadly categorized as internal and external. Complex interaction of these factors determines the...
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Programmed Cell Death Apoptosis is defined as programmed cell death. Apoptosis recently is not considered as the only cell death pathway since various cell death pathways are discovered. More accurately programmed cell death is defined as cell death that is dependent on genetically encoded signals or activities within the dying cell. Therefore, the designation programmed refers to the fixed pathway...
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Introduction Biotechnology is commonly characterized as use of living frameworks based on innovations to create business procedures and aimed to enhance the quality of human life. By using this “technology” the business or biological procedures can be improved, modified, for developing an effective pharmaceuticals, bioenergy, disease-resistant and high-yield crops as well as animals, and microbes for remediation in an efficient,...
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If we look back 20 years in time, not many has changed. You may have a little bit more grey hair, other shows were on TV and you maybe feel better than 20 years ago but, one thing changed massively over the past 20 years, namely the introduction of the mobile phone. Due to the introduction of the mobile phone,...
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The planet in which we live in, is a beautiful miracle of nature. Ever since we started studying the universe, we still haven’t encountered another planet like Earth, able to support life. Unfortunately however, our beautiful world is not without problems. The more we learn about it, the more we understand that humans will have to overcome obstacles in order...
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Background Information on the Topics Principality of Andorra is the only country being governed by a co-monarchy, called the co-princes who are the president of France and the Bishop of Urgell. As its second inimitableness, the main language can be shown since Andorra is again the only country to have Catalan as the sole official language. Spanish, French and Portuguese...
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ABSTRACT Most fungi are saprophytic and not pathogenic to plants, animals and humans. However, a relative few fungal species are phytopathogenic, cause disease (e.g., infections, allergies) in man, and produce toxins that affect plants, animals and humans. Among such fungi are members of the Aspergillus and Fusarium genera as well as other genera (e.g., Alternaria, Mucor) comprising the emerging pathogen...
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Even though numerous grammatical characteristics of day to day, spontaneous discourse are judged wrong by the principles followed by written discourse, these characteristics of spoken grammar should not be viewed as off base deviations from the written or standard English. In contrast to written discourse, spoken discourse is typically unconstrained and spontaneous and created progressively with no open door for...
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PART ONE The child is seen to have some progress over the four data collection periods. He is seen to be using more number of questions by the third collection and the patterns are seen to be more clear by then. He seems to make a number of mistakes due to L1 transfer in his interlanguage. For example, ‘like you...
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Introduction “Language is the most overwhelmingly dominant perceived problem that international students face in their attempt of studying and living in an English-speaking country” (Robertson et al, 2010), particularly Unaided States, Canada, United Kingdom, Australia and New Zealand. In the UK context, the majority of the international learners come to England having already decent knowledge of Standard English (minimum IELTS...
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An Overview Selection is frequency dependent when the fitness of a phenotype, genotype, or gene (or species) varies with its relative abundance in the population (or community) and hence can be detected only when measured at two or more frequencies. In “negative frequency-dependent selection,” fitness decreases with frequency and thus rare genotypes or species could be maintained at a stable...
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The idea of tinkering with the genes becoming a part of future generations has always existed as a muse in science fiction. Now, we have the technology and choice to change the course that thousands of years of biological evolution have taken us on. And it comes in the form of a pair of molecular scissors called ‘CRISPR’. With this...
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Background The term ‘Commodification’ usually can be seen as a topic of Economics but actually, it can be used in every area. Even language can be commodified ,can be used as an economic resource where market value exists . There are many studies which are mainly based on language economics, and this area’s evolution has not deep-rooted history. It is...
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Abstract This writing explains the symbols or signs in a short story, The Selfish Giant, written by Oscar Wilde, to explore the explicit meaning of the text. The writer chooses this short story, because the short story is used to examine students’ reading comprehension. This research applies Semiotic which discusses about symbols. The capabilities of students to identify the meaning...
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