Abstract The study was undertaken on the topic cervical cancer in Botswana that is, the people at risk of cervical sarcoma together with the incidence and prevalence rates of cervical cancer in Botswana. The study was further more described by briefly stating and discussing elements responsible for the occurrence of cervical sarcoma in the population. In making study more understandable...
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Taking cells from patients is a standard practice of biomedical research worldwide from the 50s till today. The first immortal cell line (HeLa cells) were created from cervical cancer cells taken from Henrietta Lacks, a young mother of five children died in 1951 at the age of 31 after seeking treatment at Johns Hopkins Hospital for an aggressive form of...
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The idea of modern hunter-gatherer societies in the world today is a subject that often ignites the academic community. Trying to solve world problems and public health issues are also central topics of discussion among the younger academic community and the scholarly academic community. Debates ranging from subsistence consumption to disease patterns among populations have generated a plethora of research...
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An effective screening method for detection of early-stage ovarian cancer requires a specificity of at least 99.6%, sensitivity of at least 75% and a positive predictive value of at least 10% (Clarke-Pearson DL, 2009). Because of the requirement to have high specificity in order to be considered as a screening tool in the general population, this Is a great challenge....
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Introduction The second biggest cause of cancer in the UK is overweight or obesity and this is preventable. Cancer Research UK (CRUK) reports that breast cancer is now the UK’s most common cancer. (CRUK, 2019). According to the World Health Organisation, (WHO) breast cancer is the second most common cancer in the world. WHO have also now estimated that in...
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Although the available limited evidence suggested a protective role of APN on ovarian carcinogenesis, additional studies are necessary to elucidate its function in ovarian tumor onset and progression. Low APN blood levels were also associated with an increased risk and a worse prognosis of endometrial cancer. Additionally, a low expression of AdipoR1 in endometrial cancer cells is associated with advanced...
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Before delving into the content of this essay, it is crucial to understand why this argument is valid. Cancer is a fatal disease and the chances of survival, especially for skin cancer, vary greatly depending on how early and accurately it is diagnosed (The Skin Cancer Foundation, 2019). Recognising cancerous cells from benign ones requires not only medical knowledge but...
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Abstract— Image processing techniques are widely used in several medical problems for image enhancement in the detection phase to support early medical treatment. In this research, we aim to improve quality and accuracy of early detection of lung cancer through a combination of image processing techniques and machine learning. The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA) dataset has been used for training...
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Abstract: Lung cancer is one of the most serious cancers in the world, with the smallest survival rate after the diagnosis. In CT scans, lung nodules appear as dense masses of various shapes and sizes. They may be isolated from or attached to other structures such as blood vessels or the pleura. In this paper a detection of Candidate Nodules...
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Abstract: Lung cancer is one of the most increasing diseases in the rapidly changing world. This disease can be cured in the initial stage. It should be identified at the early stage for diagnosis purposes. The prediction of lung disease stages can be done using image processing techniques. The proposed algorithm consists of a segmentation process using Dual-Tree Complex Wavelet...
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Abstract Female non-smokers face a much higher risk of death from lung cancer over the last few years. Many causes explain why lung cancer rates have skyrocketed among the women non-smokers. The increase in mortality risk from lung cancer in female never-smokers can be due to causes including environmental tobacco smoke, radon(a radioactive gas found in nature in soil and...
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1. Introduction. With cancer affecting 1 in 7 men in South Africa (SA) during their lifetime prostate cancer (PCa) is the no. 1 cancer that affects SA men, It is estimated that 1 in 18 SA men will develop prostate cancer according to the National Cancer Registry of South Africa. (NCR-SA, 2014). Prostatic adenocarcinoma (typically called “prostate cancer” or “prostate...
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Introduction Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, primarily due to late-stage diagnosis. The early detection of lung nodules, which can be precursors to malignant tumors, is crucial for improving patient outcomes. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), a subclass of deep learning models, have emerged as formidable tools in medical imaging for their ability to automate and enhance...
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Abstract— Breast Cancer is one of the most common disease that is responsible for a high number of deaths every year. Despite the fact that cancer is treatable and healable in earliest stages, A huge number of patients are examined with cancer very late. Data mining process and classification are efficient way to categorise the data particularly in medical fields,...
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Analysis towards Melanoma Abstract— Melanoma is only harmful in human epidemic diseases and the level of these diseases is increasing continuously. Computers are not more intelligent than humans, but it is easy to find some information easily, which may not be easily apparent to the human eye. Such as: skin color variations or taxa variations. As knowledge is in inadequate...
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Introduction: Melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer are the most common type of malignancy in the Caucasian population (1-10). The incidence of both MM and NMSC is on the rise ,with an annual increase in MM of 0.6% among adults over 50 years (11). The incidence of melanoma may be even higher than indicated, as the national cancer registries has reported...
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Introduction Prostate cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies affecting men worldwide, with significant implications for morbidity and mortality. Radiotherapy remains a cornerstone in the management of prostate cancer, offering a potentially curative treatment modality. However, the precision of radiotherapy planning is crucial to maximize therapeutic efficacy while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissues. Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging...
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Abstract— Skin lesions are significant in determining dermatological medical conditions globally. Early diagnosis of malignant melanoma by dermoscopy imaging considerably will increase the survival rate. Throughout this paper, we tend to present deep learning-based approaches to resolve 2 issues in skin lesion analysis employing a dermoscopic image containing the tumor. Estimation of these biomarkers are wont to give some insight,...
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Introduction High treatment costs, strenuous treatment plans, and emotional stress on the patient and on her family are the burdens women with breast cancer have to handle. Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among women in the US with 245,299 new cases and 41,487 deaths as a result in 2016 with higher rates present in both cottonwood county and...
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Introduction The advancements in NGS technologies and the emergence of Omics field has led to the development of various approaches in studying cancer. The common approaches to identify molecular mechanisms in cancer include scanning the genome for cancer-specific mutations, exploring differential expression of mRNA through transcriptomics or that of protein through proteomics [Chakraborty S et al. (2018)]. However, limiting the...
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Introduction Ovarian cancer (OC) is the 9th most common cancer and the 9th most common cause of cancer-related death in women, with an overall 5-year survival of approximately 40%. In 2018, 295,414 new cases of OC were documented worldwide, 184,799 of which resulted in death (1). High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is the most common and deadliest subtype of epithelial...
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Introduction Prostate cancer is the second most frequently diagnosed cancer in the world.1 Androgen deprivation therapy is the main treatment for advanced disease. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is a temporary measure but can accelerate osteoporosis, and bone metastases are common in advanced prostate cancer and are associated with significant morbidity, including pain. All patients eventually develop castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC)....
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Introduction Drug discovery and development involve a number of stages to develop a novel drug, therefore a reduction in time frame new approach is developed which is repurposing of existing drugs. Till to date, the importance of drug repurposing is significantly increased to identify new use of the pre-existing drug. Repurposed of the drug can be achieved by two methods,...
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Introduction Cancer remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, prompting extensive research into preventive measures. The relevance of diet and lifestyle in cancer prevention has gained considerable attention, with studies suggesting that up to 30-50% of cancer cases could be prevented through healthier dietary choices and lifestyle modifications (World Health Organization, 2019). This essay aims to...
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Abstract Cancer is a frightful disease and represents one of the biggest health-care issues for the human race and demands a proactive strategy for cure. Exploration of natural product containing anticancer agent provide a promising line for research on cancer. Moringa plant (Moringa oleifera) is one of the medicinal plants used in traditional medicine for the treatment of cancer. Several...
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Abstract Plant tissue culture is a collection of techniques used to grow plant cells, tissue, organs and their components under defined physical and chemical conditions in vitro. Plant tissue culture used to create large number of clones from a single explant and it is easy to select the desirable traits. Plant tissue culture technique is very helpful in genetically modified....
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Popeye domain-containing (POPDC) proteins are effector proteins that bind to cAMP to create a second messenger response that can influence the behaviour of cancer cells (Amunjela & Tucker, 2016). There are three different genes POPDC1, POPDC2 and POPDC3 that encode these proteins, however only POPDC1 and POPDC3 have been related to cancer cell behaviour. POPDC1 and POPDC3 are organised in...
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In cancer research, viability tests are immensely significant. These tests are used to observe the characteristics of different kinds of cancer. In drug development, viability of hostile cells are tested against chemical substances to evaluate the potential of those substances in pharmaceutical use. Additionally, the adequate dosage for those drugs are also studied in vitro. Established in 1977 from a...
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In recent years, AI has gradually entered the medical field. Artificial intelligence continues to break through the sensitivity and specificity of machine-assisted diagnosis at the 'digital' level, and exerts its value in multiple scenarios. However, many products are still far from large-scale clinical applications, and it is not easy to obtain the approval of clinicians. For the big names in...
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Introduction Lung cancer remains one of the most prevalent and deadly forms of cancer worldwide, with significant impacts on patients, families, and healthcare systems. According to the World Health Organization, lung cancer accounts for approximately 2.2 million new cases annually, representing a substantial public health challenge. This essay explores the various dimensions of lung cancer, including its symptoms, diagnostic processes,...
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