Quiz on Eukaryotic Cells

Quiz on Eukaryotic Cells 1. Which type of cells are known for having a cell wall composed of chitin? A. Plant Cells B. Animal Cells C. Protist Cells D. Fungi Cells Answer: Fungi Cells (D) Fungi cells are characterized by their cell walls made of chitin. 2. What is the primary advantage of compartmentalization in eukaryotic cells? A. Ability to perform multiple functions simultaneously B. Reduced genetic diversity C. Lack of signaling pathways D. Increased size and volume Answer: Ability to perform multiple functions simultaneously (A) Compartmentalization allows eukaryotic cells to carry out various functions more efficiently due to separate processes occurring in distinct areas. 3. What distinguishes prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells? A. Prokaryotic cells have cell membranes while eukaryotic cells do not B. Eukaryotic cells evolve more rapidly than prokaryotic cells C. Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles D. Eukaryotic cells are generally smaller and simpler 2 Answer: Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles (C) Prokaryotic cells are identified by their lack of a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. 4. Which component is NOT typically found in animal cells? A. Large central vacuole B. Cell wall C. Mitochondria D. Chloroplasts Answer: Large central vacuole (A) Animal cells lack chloroplasts, cell walls, and a large central vacuole, all of which are features of plant cells. 5. Which cellular process is primarily involved in the movement of large molecules across the cell membrane? A. Endocytosis and Exocytosis B. Cell division C. Osmosis D. Diffusion Answer: Endocytosis and Exocytosis (A) Endocytosis and exocytosis are the processes that enable the transport of large molecules into and out of the cell. 6. What is the primary function of the nucleus in eukaryotic cells? A. Storing waste materials 3 B. Synthesizing proteins C. Producing ATP D. Controlling gene expression Answer: Controlling gene expression (D) The nucleus contains the cell's DNA and is responsible for controlling gene expression. 7. Which organelle is known as the 'powerhouse' of the cell? A. Golgi Apparatus B. Mitochondria C. Ribosome D. Endoplasmic Reticulum Answer: Mitochondria (B) Mitochondria are responsible for cellular respiration and ATP production, earning them the nickname 'powerhouses' of the cell. 8. What key function does the Golgi Apparatus perform? A. Processing and packaging proteins B. Protein synthesis C. Energy production D. Genetic information storage Answer: Processing and packaging proteins (A) The Golgi Apparatus processes, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or use within the cell. 9. Which structure regulates the passage of molecules in and out of 4 a eukaryotic cell? A. Cytoplasm B. Nucleus C. Cytoskeleton D. Cell membrane Answer: Cell membrane (D) The cell membrane is selectively permeable and regulates the movement of molecules into and out of the cell. 10. Which organelle is responsible for the synthesis of lipids? A. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum B. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum C. Vacuoles D. Peroxisomes Answer: Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (A) The Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum synthesizes lipids and has no ribosomes on its surface. 11. What is the function of lysosomes in eukaryotic cells? A. Facilitate protein synthesis B. Break down waste materials C. Conduct photosynthesis D. Store nutrients and waste Answer: Break down waste materials (B) Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes that break down waste materials and 5 cellular debris. 12. Which process occurs in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells? A. Translation B. DNA replication C. Transcription D. Cell division Answer: Translation (A) Translation is the process where genetic information is converted into proteins and occurs in the cytoplasm. 13. What is the role of chloroplasts in plant cells? A. Storage of nutrients B. Energy production C. Protein synthesis D. Photosynthesis Answer: Photosynthesis (D) Chloroplasts are the sites of photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy.