University:
American Baptist College
Course:
SOC347 | Sociology of Gender
Academic year:

2024
Views:

495

Pages:

4
Author:

Muthia M.

Gender Issues in Various Fields Field of Education 1. The higher the education, the fewer women there are. 2. Gender-biased education materials. 3. Discrimination against pregnant school-age girls Health Field 1. High rate of unsafe abortion 2. High rate of unwanted pregnancies, especially in adolescence 3. High maternal mortality rate especially in coastal and remote areas 4. High rate of HIV/AIDS disease Population and Family Planning 1. 6.6% of marriages are at a young age (10-16 years old). 2. 10% of family heads are women or widows. 3. 85 % of family planning participants are women Economy 1. Women's contribution to local income is low. 2. World Bank data in 2018 showed that 50.7 percent of Indonesian women aged 15 years and above participated in the labor force (either working or looking for work). Labor Field 1. Male and female wage differentials 2. Open unemployment rates are higher among women. Legal Field 1. Many legal products are gender biased 2. There is still a lack of regulations governing the protection of the rights of women and children 3. There is still a lack of women as law enforcers even though there are many problems related to violence against women. 4. The rule of law and legal culture are still male-biased. Institutional field 1. Institutions that handle women's empowerment (In the province in 2000 Bureau, in 2001 Section, in 2003, in 2009 Agency. 2. Institutionalization in districts or cities is still varied or unclear. 3. Gender-neutral planning and budgeting. Gender Approach Strategy in Development Practical Approach The practical approach is an approach through special programs for women to meet practical needs and empower women so as to increase their independence. (improvement of living standards, health services, provision of employment, provision of clean water & eradication of illiteracy). Strategic Approach The strategic approach aims to integrate the desires and interests of men and women in development activities by treating the interests of men and women equally in roles, rights and responsibilities as subjects and harmonious partnerships. (Elimination of violence, equal pay for the same type of work). Advantages of Organizing PUG 1. By organizing PUG, it can be identified whether men & women: 2. Have equal access to development resources 3. Participate equally in development processes, including decision-making processes. 4. Have equal control over development resources; and. 5. Receive equal benefits from development outcomes Gender Responsive Planning Gender responsive planning is planning that addresses gender issues or problems by incorporating the different experiences, aspirations, needs and problems of women and men in the process of formulating programs and policies. Gender Responsive Budgeting 1. Budget planning involves men and women 2. Setting program priorities 3. Financing programs that provide benefits equally to men and women 4. Financing practical gender needs and strategic gender needs