Study Guide for Final History of Rome

1 Study Guide for final: History of Rome CLAS 333 You’ll have two hours for the exam, though it will likely not take that long. You’ll have ID’s, short answers, and essays (but you’ll be asked to write two short essays instead of one). Names, terms, and concepts (possible ID’s or topics for a short-answer question): [These are taken from lectures and reading starting with End of Caesar/Rise of 2nd Triumvirate from Wed. 4/11 (powerpoint pdf dated 4/10)] Marcus (and his ancestor Lucius) Junius Brutus Why was Brutus chosen as the head of the conspiracy against Caesar? Mark Antony Who spoke at Caesar’s funeral and what was the result? Divus Iulius Battle of Mutina 43 BC Second Triumvirate 43 BC (renewed in 38) Battle of Philippi 42 BC Fulvia Sextus Pompey Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa Cleopatra Octavian’s propaganda assault against Antony in the 30’s BC Actium 31 BC the title “Augustus” Tribunicia Potestas Imperium proconsulare maius Auctoritas What powers (legal and otherwise) were at the base of the Principate? Pax augusta Augustus’ reforms to the army (esp. how does Augustus solve the problem of veterans?) Vergil’s Aeneid Horace’s Carmen Saeculare Julian Law for Curbing Adultery (Lex Julia de adulteriis coercendis) 2 Lex Papia Poppaea Secular Games 17 BC Res Gestae The Temple of Mars Ultor and new forum of Augustus (what is the significance of the statuary chosen for this monument?) Ara Pacis: altar of peace Prima Porta Statue of Augustus Julio-Claudian dynasty: Augustus, Tiberius, Gaius “Caligula”, Claudius, Nero Marcellus Gaius and Lucius Caesar Julia Augusta (Augustus’ daughter) Germanicus (and why did Augustus ask Tiberius to adopt Germanicus?) Praetorian Guard Sejanus Agrippina the Younger Seneca (forced to commit suicide in 65 AD in wake of Pisonian conspiracy) Great Fire of Rome 64 AD: Do you think Nero ordered the fire set or not? Why? Lucan (what is his take on the civil wars that ended the Republic?) Saint Perpetua and Christian persecution Exact Dates to memorize: March 15, 44 BC 43 BC: Second Triumvirate, and renewed 5 years later 42 BC: Philippi 31 BC: Actium 27 BC: Octavian “resigns” power & instead takes up proconsular authority in many provinces, and the new name Augustus 23 BC: Octavian surrenders consulship and senate votes him two new powers (tribunician power and “greater proconsular imperium” 19 BC: Augustus takes consular powers at Rome for life 17 BC: Secular Games 14 AD: death of Augustus 64 AD: Great Fire of Rome 68 AD: death of Nero Possible questions for essays (two of these will appear on the exam, and you will be asked to write both of them): 3 REMEMBER TO PREPARE SPECIFIC EXAMPLES! 1) What were some common Roman attitudes toward Greek culture? Did they change over time, or were there conflicting points of view? Please pick 2 examples from the semester and explain how they reflect different Roman attitudes toward Greece. 2) What are the themes that characterize Augustus’ new Golden Age and how are they communicated? 3) What are the common traits that characterize “bad emperors” in our sources, and what particularly Roman anxieties do these traits play into? (It may help to think about how “bad emperors” differ from the ideal of Augustus.) 4) Imagine that one of your fellow students not taking this class (but having some background in Roman history) has asked you to explain why you think the Roman Republic fell. What would you say were three key points that destabilized the Republic? (It may help to pick several possible dates that you think could be thought of as the end of the Republic).