Chapter 12 Installing Windows

Chapter 12 Installing Windows Objectives • Plan a Windows installation • Install Windows 10, Windows 8.1, and Windows 7 • Configure Windows settings after the installation • Describe special concerns when installing Windows in a large enterprise How to Plan a Windows Installation • Situations requiring a Windows installation • New hard drive • Existing Windows version has become corrupted • Operating System upgrade • Many decisions need to be made before the installation • Most of these decisions apply to any Windows operating system Choosing the Edition, License, and Version of Windows (1 of 3) • OEM or Retail License • You can purchase a retail license or an Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) license • Options for both types of licenses include 32-bit and 64-bit • Key differences between OEM and retail: • OEM license is for builders and manufacturers of computers and can be installed only on a new computer • OEM allows all hardware upgrades except for an upgrade to a different model of motherboard • An OEM license costs less than a retail license • Retail licenses can be purchased from the Microsoft online store • The benefit of a retail license over OEM is that it can be transferred to a different computer and you get Microsoft direct support from Microsoft support personnel Choosing the Edition, License, and Version of Windows (2 of 3) • 32-Bit or 64-Bit Architecture • 64-bit installation generally performs better than 32-bit • Can also support 64-bit applications, which run faster • 64-bit installations of Windows require 64-bit device drivers • Must have enough RAM to support 64-bit installation Choosing the Edition, License, and Version of Windows (3 of 3) Operating System 32-Bit Architecture 64-Bit Architecture Windows 10 Home Windows 8.1 4 GB 128 GB Windows Windows Windows Windows 4 GB 512 GB Windows 7 Home Premium 4 GB 16 GB Windows 7 Professional Windows 7 Enterprise Windows 7 Ultimate 4 GB 192 GB 10 Pro 10 Enterprise 8.1 Pro 8.1 Enterprise Verifying That Your System Qualifies for Windows (1 of 7) • The minimum hardware requirements for Windows 10/8/7 are listed in Table 12-2 (see next slide) • Beginning with Windows 8: • Microsoft requires three technologies used by the processor (NX, PAE, and SSE2) • All processors built in the last 10 years use these technologies • MBR or GPT Partitioning System • Windows can use one of two methods to partition a hard drive: • Master boot record (MBR) • GUID Partition Table (GPT) • Windows is always installed on a volume that uses the NTFS file system • For most installations, install Windows on the only hard drive in the computer and allocate all space to one partition that Windows setup calls drive C: • Installs Windows in the C:\Windows folder Verifying That Your System Qualifies for Windows (2 of 7) Hardware For 32-Bit Windows For 64-Bit Windows Processor 1 GHz for faster; for Windows 10/8, must support NX, PAE, and SSE2 Memory (RAM) 1 GB 2 GB Free hard drive space 16 GB 20 GB Video device and driver DirectX 9 device with WDDM 1.0 or higher driver Verifying That Your System Qualifies for Windows (3 of 7) • BIOS/UEFI Firmware on the Motherboard • To understand if a system qualifies for Windows 8/7, it helps to understand how Windows relates to hardware by using device drivers and firmware on the motherboard • When system is turned on: • The motherboard BIOS/UEFI manages essential devices such as keyboard, monitor, and hard drive • Motherboard BIOS/UEFI is contained on a chip on the motherboard and is called a firmware chip • All modern motherboard use UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface) • UEFI is a much improved replacement for BIOS (basic input/output system) • Offers legacy support for BIOS compatibility Verifying That Your System Qualifies for Windows (4 of 7) • BIOS/UEFI Firmware on the Motherboard (continued): • Motherboard UEFI/BIOS provides three functions: • System BIOS/UEFI contains instructions for running hardware devices before an OS is started • Startup BIOS/UEFI starts the computer and finds a boot device that contains an OS ▶ Then turns the startup process over to the OS • Setup BIOS/UEFI is used to change motherboard settings ▶ Can use it to enable or disable a device on the motherboard, change data and time, or select the order of boot devices for startup BIOS to search Verifying That Your System Qualifies for Windows (5 of 7) • BIOS/UEFI Firmware on the Motherboard (continued): • Most computers today give you the option of using UEFI or legacy BIOS, which is called UEFI CSM • Consider the following: • UEFI mode is required if the hard drive is larger than 2.2 TB or is using the GPT partitioning system • UEFI and the GPT partitioning system work only with 64-bit versions of Windows 10/8/7 • UEFI has a security system called Secure Boot, which helps prevent malware from hijacking a system during or before the operating system load • The only times you might select CSM mode are when you use a legacy MBR hard drive or install a 32-bit version of Windows 10/8/7 Verifying That Your System Qualifies for Windows (6 of 7) • Application and Hardware Compatibility • Device drivers are small programs stored on the hard drive that tell the computer how to communicate with a specific hardware device • 32-bit OS requires 32-bit drivers and 64-bit OS requires 64-bit drivers • Device drivers can be downloaded from the manufacturer’s website or found on installation DVDs • When installing, be sure to have correct Windows device drivers for all critical devices • Not sure if devices will work with Windows 10/8/7? • Set up a dual boot (also called multiboot) • After installation, test your software or hardware • If they work under the new OS, you can delete the old one Verifying That Your System Qualifies for Windows (7 of 7) Figure 12-7 A device such as this video card comes packaged with its device drivers stored on a CD Choosing the Type of Installation: In-Place Upgrade, Clean Install, or Dual Boot (1 of 2) • If a hard drive is new, a clean install must be installed • If an OS is already installed, you have three options • Clean install: overwrites the existing OS and applications • In the Windows setup program, a clean install is called a custom installation • Advantage: get a fresh start • In-place upgrade: a Windows installation that is launched from the Windows desktop and keeps user settings and installed applications from the old OS • Requires qualifying OSs called upgrade paths • Multiboot: you can install Windows in a second partition and create a dual-boot situation • Need at least two partitions or a second hard drive Choosing the Type of Installation: In-Place Upgrade, Clean Install, or Dual Boot (2 of 2) • Other tips to keep in mind: • A 64-bit version of Windows can only be upgraded to a 64-bit OS • A 32-bit OS can only be upgraded to a 32-bit OS • If you want to install a 64-bit version of Windows over a 32-bit OS, a clean install must be performed Understanding the Choices You’ll Make During the Installation • The Size of the Windows Partition • You can decide not to use all the available space on the drive for the Windows partition • Reasons not to use all available space: • You plan to install more than one OS on the hard drive, creating a dual-boot system • Some people prefer to use more than one partition or volume to organize data on their hard drives • Network Configuration • To join a domain, you’ll need the network ID and password assigned to you by the network administrator • To join a homegroup, you’ll need the password to the homegroup • To use a workgroup, you configure each computer to share its folders and files to specific people • You might need to know how the IP address is assigned (dynamically or statically) Final Checklist Before Beginning the Installation (1 of 6) Questions to Answer Further Information Does the computer meet the minimum or recommended hardware requirement? CPU: RAM: Hard drive partition size: Free space on the partition: Do you have the Windows device drivers for your hardware devices and application setup CDs? List hardware and software that need to be upgraded: Do you have the product key available? (It might not be required if you are reinstalling Windows 10.) Product key: How will users be recognized on the network? Homegroup password (for Windows 8/7): Domain name: Computer name: Network ID: Network password: Final Checklist Before Beginning the Installation (2 of 6) Questions to Answer Further Information How will the computer be recognized on the network? Static or dynamic IP addressing: IP address (for static addressing): Will you do an upgrade or a clean install? Current operating system: Does the old OS qualify for an upgrade? For a clean install, will you set up a dual boot? List reasons for a dual boot: Size of the second partition: Free space on the second partition: Have you backed up important data on your hard drive? Location of backup: Final Checklist Before Beginning the Installation (3 of 6) • General tips for installing Windows: • Verify all application software DVDs and device drivers are available • Back up all important data • If not reformatting the drive, run antivirus software to ensure the drive is free from malware • Use BIOS/UEFI setup to verify the boot sequence needed for installation • In BIOS/UEFI setups, disable any virus protection setting that might prevent the boot area of the drive from being altered • Set BIOS/UEFI to use UEFI mode or UEFI CSM mode • For laptops, use AC adapter so you don’t run out of battery Final Checklist Before Beginning the Installation (4 of 6) • Verify That You Have the Windows 10 Product Key • Typically, you’ll purchase Windows 10 online and product key will be emailed to the Microsoft account used to make the purchase • If purchased on a USB flash drive, look for the product key printed on the cover of the flash drive case, on a card inside the case, or affixed to the back of the Windows documentation booklet • The product key might not be required to reinstall Windows • For a laptop, all-in-one, or other brand-name computer, the computer manufacturer might have stored the Windows product key on motherboard firmware Final Checklist Before Beginning the Installation (5 of 6) Figure 12-8 This installation of Windows was activated using a digital license stored on Microsoft activation servers Final Checklist Before Beginning the Installation (6 of 6) • Useful information about an ISO file: • An ISO file is an image of an optical disc, including its file system and all its files and folders • Also called an ISO image or disc image • To see the contents of an ISO file, open File Explorer or Windows Explorer, right-click the file, and click Mount • The ISO file is assigned a drive letter • If you have an optical drive that can write to DVDs, you can burn a DVD from an ISO file • Later in the chapter, you learn how to mount an ISO file to virtual DVD drive in a virtual machine and use it to install Windows in the VM Installing Windows 10, Windows 8.1, and Windows 7 • Topics covered • Learn how to install Windows as an: • In-place upgrade • Clean install • Dual boot • How to handle using a Windows upgrade product key to install Windows on a new hard drive • Make sure you document what you did during the installation • Documentation might be helpful for future maintenance and troubleshooting Windows 10 In-Place Upgrade (1 of 5) • Steps to upgrade from Windows 8.1 to Windows 10 • 1. Sign in to Windows using an administrator account • 2. Before you start the upgrade, do the following: • Scan the system for malware • Uninstall any applications or device drivers you don’t intend to use in the new installation • Make sure your backups are up to date • 3. Insert Windows 10 setup DVD or flash drive or mount the setup ISO file • 4. Open File Explorer and double click setup.exe • 5. At the next window, enter the product key and Windows verifies the key is a valid key • If connected to Internet, setup will activate Windows Windows 10 In-Place Upgrade (2 of 5) Figure 12-13 The product key is verified as valid during the setup process Windows 10 In-Place Upgrade (3 of 5) • Steps to upgrade from Windows 8.1 to Windows 10 (continued) • 6. Accept the license terms • 7. Wait for updates to download, then verify that Keep personal files and apps is selected • 8. On the Choose what to keep screen, decide what you want to do with Windows settings: • First two options perform upgrades to Windows 10 • The Nothing option performs a clean install of Windows 10 • 9. On the Ready to install window, verify the choices listed and click Install • 10. During installation, setup may restart system several times • When the Welcome to Windows 10! screen appears, click Next Windows 10 In-Place Upgrade (4 of 5) Figure 12-14 Windows is ready to install as an upgrade, but you can still change what to keep Windows 10 In-Place Upgrade (5 of 5) • Steps to upgrade from Windows 8.1 to Windows 10 (continued) • 11. On the Choose privacy settings for your device screen, select the privacy settings for location, speech recognition, diagnostics, tailored experiences with diagnostic data, and relevant ads, and then click Accept • 12. On the Meet Cortana screen, you can decide to give Microsoft permission to use your information to personalize your experience with Cortana • 13. The New apps for the new Windows screen appears • Review the new apps and click Next • 14. Settings are applied and the Windows 10 sign-on screen appears Windows 10 Clean Install (1 of 4) • If you have a Windows 8/7 installation that qualifies for a Windows 10 upgrade and you need to do a clean install, follow these steps: • 1. Start the installation from the Windows desktop • 2. Follow the previous steps for an in-place upgrade to enter the product key, accept license terms, and download updates • 3. When you get to the Ready to install window, click Change what to keep • 4. On the Choose what to keep window, click Nothing and click Next Windows 10 Clean Install (2 of 4) • Use the following steps to perform a clean install on a newly installed hard drive, on a new computer you’re building, or on a computer that has a corrupted Windows installation: • 1. Boot from Windows setup DVD or USB flash drive and choose Install now • 2. Enter your product key, click Next • 3. Accept the license agreement, click Next • Click Custom: Install Windows only (advanced) • 4. On the Where do you want to install Windows? screen, select the drive and volume where you want to install Windows • If you want to use only a portion of the volume, click New and enter the size of the volume • Click Next to continue • 5. Installation begins, system might restart several times • Choose your region and click Yes Windows 10 Clean Install (3 of 4) • Steps to perform a clean install on a newly installed hard drive, on a new computer you’re building, or on a computer that has a corrupted Windows installation (continued): • 6. On the next screen, choose the right keyboard layout and click Yes • You will be given the option to add a second keyboard layout, click Skip • 7. The setup program detects if your computer is connected to the Internet, checks for updates, and moves on to the next screen • The next steps assume you have an Internet connection, if not, click Ethernet to make the connection • 8. On the How would you like to set up? screen, you can choose to set up the computer on a school or business network and have limited control • Select Set up for personal use and click Next • 9. On the Sign in with Microsoft screen, you can choose to use an existing Microsoft account, create a new one, or create an offline account Windows 10 Clean Install (4 of 4) • Steps to perform a clean install on a newly installed hard drive, on a new computer you’re building, or on a computer that has a corrupted Windows installation (continued): • 10. On the Sign in with Microsoft instead? screen, Microsoft encourages you to use a Microsoft account instead of offline account, click No • 11. Enter the name for the user of the local account, click Next, enter a password for the offline account, click Next, confirm password, click Next, create a password hint, click Next • 12. On the Make Cortana your personal assistant? screen, click Yes to accept Cortana • 13. Select the devices privacy settings and then click Accept • 14. Installation continues, settings are applied, and the Windows desktop appears Multiboot Installations (1 of 2) • In a multiboot, each OS must have its own hard drive partition with enough free space to hold OS with room for applications, data, and OS working space • Steps to set up a dual boot system: • 1: Install Windows 8.1, leaving some unallocated space for Windows 10 partition • 2: To install Windows 10, make sure you have a second partition with enough unallocated space • 3: Start the Windows 10 installation by booting from the Windows 10 setup DVD or USB flash drive • Step 4: Select the partition or unallocated space to hold the installation Multiboot Installations (2 of 2) Figure 12-22 Select unallocated space or a partition other than the one used by the first OS installation Solving Problems with Installations (1 of 2) • Use an Upgrade Product Key on a New Hard Drive • Sometimes you might need to use the upgrade key to install Windows when replacing a hard drive • The first free releases of Windows 10 can be activated using Windows 8.1 , 8, or 7 product keys • For Version 1607 or later, reinstall Windows 10 by logging in with your Microsoft account and activate Windows using the Activation troubleshooter in the Settings app • In a situation where a Windows 7 system was upgraded to Windows 8.0 and then updated to Windows 8.1: • 1. Reinstall Windows 7 • 2. Reinstall Windows 8.0 using the upgrade product key and activate Windows 8 • 3. Download and install Windows 8.1 upgrade Solving Problems with Installations (2 of 2) • Repair a Damaged Hard Drive • Besides disport, you can also use the format command • Two types of formats: • Quick format, which creates an empty root directory for a volume • Full format, which creates an empty root directory, checks each sector on the volume for errors, and marks bad sectors so they will not be used by the file system • If you suspect the hard drive is damaged and Windows will not start: • Launch the command prompt windows from Windows setup media and perform a full format What To Do After a Windows Installation • After installing Windows, do the following: • Verify network access • Activate Windows • Install Windows updates and verify update settings and malware settings • Install hardware • Set up user accounts and transfer or restore user data and preferences from backups to the new system • Install applications • Turn Windows features on or off • For laptops, use Control Panel to configure power-management settings Verifying Network Access • 1. To make a wired connection, plug in the network cable and let Windows do the rest • To create a wireless connection, click the network icon in the taskbar and select the wireless network (may need to enter a password to the Wi-Fi network) • 2. To verify you have access to the local network: • Open File Explorer or Windows Explorer and verify that you can see other computers on the network • 3. To verify Internet access: • Open Internet Explorer and try to navigate to websites • If a problem arises, consider that the problem might be: • You need to install the drivers for the motherboard/onboard network port • IP address, wireless network, or network security settings are wrong Activating Windows (1 of 2) • Microsoft requires product activation • Ensures a valid Windows license has been purchased • If you entered a product key during the installation: • Windows is already activated • To view activation status, open the Settings app, select the Update & security group, and then select Activation • Problems With Activation • Replacing a failed hard drive • Upgrading the motherboard • Replacing a failed motherboard • Upgrading from Windows 8 Home to Windows 10 Pro • Reinstalling Windows 10 Pro Activating Windows (2 of 2) Figure 12-28 View the activation status using the Settings app Installing Windows Updates (1 of 3) • Windows 10 updates automatically by default • To apply any pending Windows 10 updates, open the Settings app and click the Update & security group • In the Windows update window, view the update status and install any available updates • You might click Restart now to finish installing updates, click Install now to install available updates, or click Check for updates if no updates are available • Tools to manage updates settings include the Settings app, Group Policy, and registry editor • Options for managing updates from the Settings app: • View or uninstall an update • Schedule restarts and active hours • Update other Microsoft products and Windows features • Defer or pause updates Installing Windows Updates (2 of 3) Figure 12-31 View and manage Windows 10 updates Installing Windows Updates (3 of 3) • Malware Protection • Windows includes its own preinstalled, anti-malware software called Windows Defender Antivirus in Windows 10 (Windows Defender in Windows 8/7) • To verify the utility is running in Windows 10: • Open Control Panel, click Security and Maintenance, and expand the Security group • To verify protection in Windows 8: • Launch Windows Defender from the Start screen or menu • On the Settings tab, verify that Real-time protection is turned on Installing Hardware (1 of 4) • Devices that were not automatically installed during the installation must be installed • As you install each device, reboot and verify operation before moving on to next device • You may need to do the following: • Install the drivers for the motherboard • Install the drivers that came with the video card so you can use all the features the card offers • Install printers • For other hardware devices, read and follow manufacturer directions for the installation Installing Hardware (2 of 4) Figure 12-36 Use the Troubleshooting app in Control Panel to resolve hardware installation problems Installing Hardware (3 of 4) • Use Device Manager • Device Manager: the primary Windows tool for managing hardware • You can disable or enable a device, update its drivers, uninstall a device, and undo a driver update • To access Device Manager, use one of these methods: • For Windows 10/8, right-click Start and select Device Manager • Open the System window and click Device Manager • Enter the devmgmt.msc command in the Windows 10/7 search box or the Windows 8 Run box • Ways to use Device Manager to solve problems: • Uninstall and reinstall the device • Look for error messages offered by Device Manager • Update or roll back the drivers Installing Hardware (4 of 4) Figure 12-38 (A) Use the device’s Properties box to uninstall a device and (B) solve problems with device drivers Setting Up User Accounts (1 of 7) • Types of user account and the privileges associated with them: • The scope of the account (Windows offers three types of user accounts): • Local account – created on the local computer and is recognized only on the local computer • Network ID – Professional and business editions allow a user to sign in to Windows with a network ID and password created and maintained on a Windows domain in Active Directory or Azure Active Directory • Microsoft account – for Windows 10/8; an email address initially set up at the Microsoft website, live.com ▶ Gives you access to several types of online accounts ▶ You can associate or link a Microsoft account to a local account or network ID • Privileges for the account: • Administrator account or standard account Setting Up User Accounts (2 of 7) • Use a Microsoft Account with Windows 10/8 • You can associate your local account with your Microsoft account or set up Windows to sign in with your Microsoft account in order to get easy access to Microsoft resources in the cloud • Anyone with administrative rights to the computer can access your Microsoft private settings, apps, online account, and OneDrive stored on the local computer • For Windows 10 – open the Settings app, click Users and then click Sign in with a Microsoft account instead (follow on-screen directions) • For Windows 8 – open the charms bar, select the Settings charm, select Change PC settings, click Accounts, select Your account and click Connect to a Microsoft account (follow on-screen directions) Setting Up User Accounts (3 of 7) Figure 12-41 Associate a local account with a Microsoft account Setting Up User Accounts (4 of 7) • As you consider the differences among accounts, consider where the account is authenticated: • A local account is authenticated on the local computer and gives access to the local computer • A network ID is authenticated by a computer on the network, which gives access to the local computer and other resources on the Windows domain • A Microsoft account is authenticated on the live.com website, which gives access to the local computer and online resources • A Microsoft account can be a standard account or an administrator account • It can be associated with a network ID so that you can sign in with the Microsoft account and be authenticated to the Windows network as well as to live.com Setting Up User Accounts (5 of 7) • User Account Control Dialog Box • Purposes of the User Account Control (UAC) dialog box: • To prevent malicious background tasks from gaining administrative privileges when the administrator is signed in • To make it easier for an administrator to sign in using a less powerful user account for normal desktop activities, but still be able to perform administrative tasks while signed in as a regular user • You can control how the UAC works • In Control Panel, click User Accounts and click Change User Account Control settings (see Figure 12-43) Setting Up User Accounts (6 of 7) Figure 12-42 (A) The User Account Control box of an administrator does not require an administrative password; (B) the UAC box of a standard user requires an administrative password Setting Up User Accounts (7 of 7) Figure 12-43 Windows provides options to control the UAC box Installing Applications (1 of 2) • Before installing an application, consider: • System requirements • Compatibility with the OS • Impact to network performance • Impact to device security • Local user permissions • Applications can be installed from: • CD, DVD, or USB flash drive, from a downloaded application file, directly from the web, from the Windows 10/8 Windows Store, or from a folder shared by another computer on the network • Use File Explorer or Windows Explorer to locate and double-click the setup program file • When installing from the web, click the link on the website and follow on-screen directions Installing Applications (2 of 2) • Uninstall Applications • For Windows 10/8/7, open Control Panel and click Programs and Features • For Windows 10, right click Start or press Win+X, click Apps and Features • For Windows 8, right-click Start or press Win+X, click Programs and Features • Using either the Programs and Features window or the Apps and Features window: • Select an app and click Uninstall • You can also uninstall a Windows 10/8 app that provides a tile on the Start menu or Start screen: • Right-click the app tile and then click Uninstall Turning Windows Features On or Off (1 of 2) • Save on system resources by turning off Windows features you will not use • In the left pane of the Programs and Features window, click Turn Windows features on or off • Check or uncheck the features you want or don’t want and then click OK • Sometimes a restart is necessary • Make one last check that all is well and document what you did Turning Windows Features On or Off (2 of 2) Figure 12-45 Turn Windows features on or off Installation in a Virtual Machine (1 of 3) • A virtual computer or virtual machine (VM) is software that simulates the hardware of a physical computer • You can install and run multiple OSs at the same time on a single computer (called the host machine) • Software used to manage VMs installed on a workstation is called a hypervisor • Popular hypervisors for Windows: • Client Hyper-V and Virtual PC by Microsoft, VirtualBox by Oracle, and VMware Player by VMware • Client Hyper-V is embedded in Windows 10/8 Pro or Enterprise • VM programs require a lot of memory and might slow down your system Installation in a Virtual Machine (2 of 3) Figure 12-46 Two virtual machines running under VirtualBox Installation in a Virtual Machine (3 of 3) • Install Windows in a Client Hyper-V VM • Client Hyper-V is part of 64-bit Windows 10 Pro • Your processor and motherboard must support hardware-assisted virtualization (HAV) • Generation 1 VMs allow either a 32-bit or 64-bit installation of an OS in a VM • Generation 2 VMs require a 64-bit guest OS • Hyper-V can connect a VM to the local network • Client Hyper-V supports dynamically expanding virtual hard drives and dynamically allocated memory Special Concerns When Working in a Large Enterprise • Working as an IT support technician in a large corporate environment is different from working in a small company or with individuals • This part of the chapter introduces you to how Windows is installed on computer in an enterprise • Called deployment strategies • Beginning with Windows 10, Microsoft expanded the methods it offers to deploy Windows in an enterprise • These methods are listed in Table 12-6 Methods to Deploy a Standard Image (1 of 2) • A standard image contains the entire Windows volume in a single Windows Imaging (WIM) file • Has a .wim file extension • Installing Windows on a computer via a standard image is called image deployment: • A standard image is hardware independent • A standard image is created in a process called drive imaging • Deploying a standard image always results in a clean install rather than an upgrade Methods to Deploy a Standard Image (2 of 2) • Image deployment can be started using one of these methods: • Local installation • Can use a bootable flash drive or DVD that contains the image • Windows Preinstallation Environment (Windows PE) is launched; this is a minimum OS used to start the installation • Network installation • Boot to the network and deploy the image from a server • Push automation • A technician does not start the image deployment • The entire remote network installation is automated and no user intervention is required • An unattended installation uses an answer file where responses are stored Using USMT Software • The User State Migration Tool (USMT) can be used when deploying Windows in a Windows domain • Copies user files and settings from one computer to another • What to expect when using the following USMT commands: • scanstate: copies user settings and files from the source computer to a safe location • loadstate: applies these settings and files to the destination computer • usmtutils: provides encryption options and hard drive management • These command lines can be lengthy • Most likely, the commands are stored in batch files provided by the system administrator Chapter Summary (1 of 3) • Windows can be purchased as a less expensive OEM version or a more expensive retail version • Each edition of Windows 10, Windows 8, and Windows 7 is available in either 32- or 64-bit versions • Before purchasing Windows, make sure your system meets the minimum hardware requirements and that all the hardware and applications will work under the OS • A hard drive contains one or more partitions or volumes and can use the MBR or GPT partitioning system • A computer might have legacy BIOS installed on the motherboard or have the newer UEFI firmware installed • Windows can be installed as an in-place upgrade, a clean installation, or in a multiboot environment with another OS Chapter Summary (2 of 3) • Windows can be installed from the setup DVD, a USB flash drive, files downloaded from the Internet via the Media Creation Tool, or in a virtual machine • A technician needs to know how to perform an in-place upgrade, a clean install, or a multiboot with Windows • The steps for installing or upgrading Windows 8.1 are about the same as those for Windows 10 • A clean install is the best options to use if the current installation is sluggish or giving problems, or if you’re installing Windows on a new desktop computer that you’re building • After a Windows installation, verify network access, activate Windows, install any Windows updates or Windows 7 service packs, verify that automatic updates are configured correctly, install hardware and applications, create user accounts and transfer or restore user data and preferences from backups, and turn Windows features on or off Chapter Summary (3 of 3) • Virtual machine software can provide multiple instances of operating systems for training users, running legacy software, and supporting multiple operating systems • Three types of deployments for installing Windows in a large enterprise are modern deployments, dynamic deployments, and traditional image deployments • Zero-touch deployments require the most time to set up, but do not require a technician to be at the computer when the installation happens