Enterprise Resource Planning

69) In a data model, a(n) ________ is something that a user wants to track. A) record B) byte C) entity D) primary key E) quark 70) Brad, a project manager, wants to build a database to integrate information about employees and tasks that they handle. Brad wants to track information such as task name, productivity of an employee on daily basis, and employee name. These aspects that Brad wants to track are called ________. A) identifiers B) records C) primary keys D) entities E) quarks 71) Entities in a data model have ________ that describe the characteristics of the entity. A) characters B) primary keys C) codes D) attributes E) scribes 72) Each entity in a database has a unique attribute called a(n) ________. A) public key B) identifier C) foreign key D) index field E) prime value 73) In an E-R diagram, a line between two entities represents a(n) ________. A) attribute B) identifier C) cardinality D) relationship E) branch 74) The forked lines on the lines representing relationship between two related entities are referred to as ________. A) identifiers B) foreign keys C) crow's feet D) entities E) switch 75) Which of the following is TRUE of N:M relationships? A) They are the same as N:N relationships. B) They represent minimum cardinalities in a relationship. C) They are also called one-to-many relationships. D) They can have more than one entity on each side of the relationship. E) They connect different data types. 76) Acelane Inc., unlike its competitors, procures raw material from multiple suppliers. Each supplier in turn supplies raw material to many buyers, including Acelane. This is an example of a(n) ________ relationship. A) 1:N B) 1:1 C) N:M D) M:1 E) N:1 77) ________ in an E-R diagram refer to the least number of entities required in a relationship. A) Minimum candidate keys B) Primary keys C) Foreign keys D) Minimum cardinalities E) Chernozem cardinalities 78) Constraints on the minimum number of entities in a relationship are called ________ cardinalities. A) specific B) minimum C) primary D) critical E) plank 79) In an E-R diagram, a(n) ________ on a line means that at least one entity of that type is required. A) small oval B) vertical bar C) arrow D) triangular block E) wave 80) Which of the following notations in an E-R diagram means that the entity is optional and a relationship need not have an entity of that type? A) vertical bar B) arrow C) double line D) small oval E) triangle 81) Why is user involvement critical for database development? A) Because they use the system. B) The design of the database depends on how users view their business environment. C) The executive board says it is critical. D) Because users design the system. E) The data model states it is important. 82) A logical representation of database data, called the data model, is constructed by developers after building a database. 83) An identifier is an attribute or a group of attributes whose value is associated with one and only one entity instance. 84) A line in an entity-relationship (E-R) diagram is used to represent the relationships between two entities. 85) The crow's-foot notation in an E-R diagram shows the maximum number of entities that can be involved in a relationship. 86) Describe entities in the context of data models. 87) Define the symbols and terms used in entity-relationship (E-R) diagrams. 88) ________ is the process of converting a data model into tables, relationships, and data constraints. A) Database design B) Database querying C) Data mining D) Database aggregation E) Database cross modeling 89) ________ is the process of converting a poorly-structured table into two or more wellstructured tables. A) Optimization B) Normalization C) Refactoring D) Standardization E) Banding 90) In a database, when data items are inaccurate and inconsistent with one another, it leads to a(n) ________. A) data integrity problem B) crow's-foot paradigm C) adaptation conflict D) security problem E) data loopback problem 91) A data integrity problem will occur only if ________. A) a database has multiple administrators B) data are duplicated in a database C) the database is very complex D) there are complex relationships between entities in a database E) the database has too many keys 92) The process of normalization constructs tables such that every table has a ________. A) one-to-one relationship between entities B) single theme C) foreign key D) specialized graphical query E) minimized metadata footprint 93) Identify the first step in transforming a data model into a relational database design. A) representing the entity relationships B) normalizing the data and files C) creating foreign keys D) creating a table for each entity E) creating data triggers for export 94) When using the relational model to represent two tables, one must ________. A) add a foreign key to one of the tables B) have more than two primary keys in the model C) establish only N:M relationships between the tables D) use metadata instead of foreign keys E) minimize the number of columns in the second table 95) Which of the following is TRUE about the database development process? A) The database structure is easy to change during the data modeling stage. B) Changing a relationship from 1:N to N:M in an existing database is a complex and lengthy process. C) User review of the data model is avoided as it is not helpful in data modeling. D) Databases are easier to develop than spreadsheets. E) Normalization is unnecessary for large databases. 96) ________ are the final judges as to what data the database should contain and how the records in that database should be related to one another. A) Administrators B) Developers C) Users D) Designers E) Auditors 97) All of these issues are results of data integrity problems except ________, A) incorrect results B) inconsistent results C) users lose confidence in the data D) the system will develop a poor reputation E) the system will give users too much information 98) All of these are steps to transform a data model into a database design except ________. A) identify results B) represent each entity with a table C) use foreign keys D) add additional tables for N:M relationships E) entity attributes become table columns 99) The data integrity problem occurs only if data are duplicated. 100) The accuracy of a database design is not dependent on the corresponding data model. 101) The easiest time to change the database structure is after the data modeling stage. 102) Database design is easy and can be explained in a paragraph. 103) How does normalization resolve the data integrity problem? 104) What are the steps involved in transforming a data model into a relational database design? 105) Explain the role of users in the database development process. 106) eHermes decides to store the URL of the file server location for the images in the ________. A) metadata B) database C) spreadsheet D) table of entities E) E-R document 107) Why does eHermes want so implement a database system? A) Because their competitors are doing it. B) The customer has requested they implement a database. C) To speed up the process of inventorying the new items it receives from sellers. D) Because the IT department won't do it. E) To better encrypt the data. 108) Why did eHermes choose to use Microsoft SQL server database instead of Mongo DB to store image information? A) They wanted to learn something new. B) Microsoft SQL was free. C) It was less risky to implement the database in Microsoft SQL. D) It is difficult to understand Mongo DB. E) The database would be too big for Mongo DB. 109) The term ________ implies that either all transactions related to a traditional relational DBMS are processed or none of them are processed. A) consistent B) atomic C) durable D) isolated E) iconic 110) Which of the following is TRUE of in-memory DBMS products? A) They support or extend the relational model. B) They do not provide ACID transaction support. C) They are a hotbed of development. D) MongoDB is an in-memory DBMS product. E) They are low-volume, but high integrity DBMS product. 111) NoSQL DBMS refer to nonrelational databases that support very high transaction rates processing relatively simple data structures, replicated on many servers in the cloud. 112) It is to the users advantage to have a working knowledge of database developments. 113) Define the acronym ACID, and describe why ACID transactions are important.