Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology 2

53) Which of the following pulls content from websites and feeds it automatically to a user’s computers? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. A) FTP B) RSS C) HTTP D) Bluetooth E) IPv6 Answer: B 54) Which of the following can be used to help a website achieve a higher ranking with the major search engines? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. A) VPN. B) IAB. C) SEM. D) SEO. E) RSS. Answer: D 55) Which of the following statements is not true about search engines? 1. A) They are arguably the Internet's "killer app." 2. B) They have solved the problem of how users instantly find information on the Internet. 3. C) They are monetized almost exclusively by search engine marketing. 4. D) There are hundreds of search engines vying for user attention, with no clear leader having yet emerged. 5. E) Users are increasingly using search engines on mobile devices. Answer: D 56) Which process is used to protect transmitted data in a VPN? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. A) Tunneling B) PPP C) VOIP D) Packet-switching E) Chaining Answer: A 57) ________ monetizes the value of the data stored by search engines. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. A) TCP/IP B) RSS C) WiMax D) IoT E) SEM Answer: E 58) Shopping bots use ________ software for searching the Internet. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. A) Web 2.0 B) Web 3.0 C) intelligent agent D) comparison E) SEO Answer: C 59) Which of the following is not a defining feature of Web 2.0? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. A) Interactivity B) Real-time user control C) Semantic search D) Social participation (sharing) E) User-generated content Answer: C 60) A(n) ________ is a commercial organization with a permanent connection to the Internet that sells temporary connections to retail subscribers. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. A) RSS B) WAN C) NFP D) ISP E) FTP Answer: D 61) The backbone networks of the Internet are typically owned by long-distance telephone companies called: 1. 2. 3. A) regional network providers. B) enhanced service providers. C) internet bulk providers. 4. 5. D) backbone providers. E) network service providers. Answer: E 62) A(n) ________ is software for locating and managing stored web pages. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. A) web server B) net server C) router D) modem E) hub Answer: A 63) Wikis allow visitors to change or add to the original posted material. Answer: TRUE 64) The Domain Name System (DNS) converts domain names to IP addresses. Answer: TRUE 65) VoIP technology delivers voice information in digital form using packet switching. Answer: TRUE 66) Web 3.0 is an effort to add a layer of meaning to the existing web in order to reduce the amount of human involvement in searching for and processing web information. Answer: TRUE 67) Mobile search makes up at more than 50% of all Internet searches. Answer: TRUE 68) What is IPv6 and why is it necessary? Answer: The Internet was not originally designed to handle the transmission of massive quantities of data and billions of users. Because of sheer Internet population growth, the world is about to run out of available IP addresses using the old addressing convention. The old addressing system is being replaced by a new version of the IP addressing schema called IPv6 (Internet Protocol version 6), which contains 128-bit addresses (2 to the power of 128), or more than a quadrillion possible unique addresses. IPv6 is compatible with most modems and routers sold today, and IPv6 will fall back to the old addressing system if IPv6 is not available on local networks. The transition to IPv6 will take several years as systems replace older equipment. 69) What are the business advantages of using voice over IP (VoIP) technology? Answer: Business can lower costs by using the Internet to deliver voice information, avoiding the tolls charged by local and long-distance telephone networks. They can lower costs from not having to create a separate telephone network. VOIP enables communication by supporting Internet conference calls using video. VOIP also provides flexibility—phones can be added or moved to different offices without rewiring or reconfiguring the network. 70) What is Web 3.0, and how do you think Web 3.0 developments could impact businesses? Answer: Web 3.0 is the vision of the next generation of the web in which all of the information available on the web is woven together into a single experience. The related movement called the Semantic Web is a collaborative effort to add a layer of meaning to existing information to reduce the amount of human time spent in searching and processing that information. Student views on the impact on businesses would vary. An example answer is: This potentially could have huge effects on businesses as simple analysis becomes mechanized, requiring fewer humans to perform this basic task. 71) Blogs, wikis, and social networking sites were designed for individuals to communicate with each other. What uses do businesses have for these tools? Give specific examples. Answer: Businesses can use these tools to reach out and market to potential new customers. For example, many businesses have Facebook sites to market their product to specific groups on Facebook. They can use these tools to support and give added value to existing customers. For example, a software company could have a blog that discusses in-depth use of a software product. Businesses can also use these tools within their company to communicate between departments and share knowledge. For example, a company wiki could be set up as a repository of expert information. 72) What has made the Google search engine so successful? Answer: The Google search engine became so successful because it was one of the first search engines to incorporate page ranking. Not only does it index the web pages it finds according to both keywords and combinations of keywords, it also ranks each page according to the number of pages that link to it, and the number of pages it links to itself. This helped make search results more relevant when compared to search engines relying solely on key words used on web pages. A user could be relatively certain that they would find relevant information within the top results of a Google search. Improved search results for the user, along with continual improvements to its search engine, the development and other web applications, tools, and its Ad Sense product where it sells keywords to the highest bidder has made Google so successful as a search engine and marketing firm. 73) All of the following are physical components of an RFID system except: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. A) bar codes. B) antennas. C) radio transmitters. D) tags. E) a stationary or handheld device. Answer: A 74) Which digital cellular standard is used widely throughout the world except the United States? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. A) GSM B) CDMA C) WLAN D) LTD E) 4G Answer: A 75) The concept of a future web in which it is commonplace for everyday objects to be connected, controlled or monitored over the Internet is called: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. A) the Internet of Things. B) the Semantic Web. C) Internet2. D) a 3-D Web. E) Web 2.0. Answer: A 76) Which of the following statements about RFID is not true? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. A) RFIDs transmit only over a short range. B) RFIDs use an antenna to transmit data. C) Microchips embedded in RFIDs are used to store data. D) RFIDs require line-of-sight contact to be read. E) RFID tags and antennas come in a variety of shapes and sizes. Answer: D 77) Which of the following is the first generation of cellular systems suitable for watching videos? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. A) 2G B) 2.5G C) 3G D) 3.5G E) 4G Answer: E 78) 4G networks use which of the following standards? 1. 2. 3. 4. A) GSM and LTD B) CDMA and PAN C) LTE and LTD D) T-Mobile and AT&T 5. E) LTE and WiMax Answer: E 79) The most appropriate wireless networking standard for creating PANs is: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. A) I-mode. B) IEEE 802.11b. C) Wi-Fi. D) Bluetooth. E) RFID. Answer: D 80) Bluetooth can be used to link up to ________ devices within a 10-meter area using low-power, radiobased communication. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. A) two B) five C) eight D) fifteen E) twenty Answer: C 81) One or more access points positioned on a ceiling, wall, or other strategic spot in a public place to provide maximum wireless coverage for a specific area are referred to as: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. A) touch points. B) netcenters. C) hot points. D) wireless hubs. E) hotspots. Answer: E 82) The 802.11 set of standards is known as: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. A) WLAN. B) WSN. C) Wi-Fi. D) WiMax. E) WAN. Answer: C 83) The WiMax standard can transmit up to a distance of approximately: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. A) 30 meters. B) 500 meters. C) 30 miles. D) 5 miles. E) 70 miles. Answer: C 84) Based on your reading of the examples in the chapter, which of the following would be the best use of RFID for a business? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. A) Logging transactions B) Managing the supply chain C) Lowering network costs D) Enabling client communication E) Improving employee engagement Answer: B 85) Macy’s Pick to the Last Unit system, described in the chapter-opening case, is an example of which of the following? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. A) IoT application B) IoP application C) BLE application D) GPS application E) Web 3.0 application Answer: A 86) A(n) ________ is a box consisting of a radio receiver/transmitter and antennas that links to a wired network, router, or hub. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. A) RFID receiver B) WiMax receiver C) access point D) hub E) hotspot Answer: C 87) RFID technology is being gradually replaced by less costly technologies such as WSNs. Answer: FALSE 88) How are RFID systems used in inventory control and supply chain management? Answer: In inventory control and supply chain management, RFID systems capture and manage more detailed information about items in warehouses or in production than bar coding systems. If a large number of items are shipped together, RFID systems track each pallet, lot, or even unit item in the shipment. This technology may help companies improve receiving and storage operations by enhancing their ability to "see" exactly what stock is stored in warehouses or on retail store shelves. 89) What are wireless sensor networks? How do they work and what are they used for? Answer: Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are networks of interconnected wireless devices that are embedded into the physical environment to provide measurements of many points over large spaces. These devices have built-in processing, storage, and radio frequency sensors and antennas. They are linked into an interconnected network that routes the data they capture to a computer for analysis. These networks range from hundreds to thousands of nodes. Because wireless sensor devices are placed in the field for years at a time without any maintenance or human intervention, they must have very low power requirements and batteries capable of lasting for years. Wireless sensor networks are valuable in areas such as monitoring environmental changes; monitoring traffic or military activity; protecting property; efficiently operating and managing machinery and vehicles; establishing security perimeters; monitoring supply chain management; or detecting chemical, biological, or radiological material. 90) How are modern telephone and computer networks different from what firms used in the past? Answer: Modern telephone and computer networks are converging into a single digital network using shared Internet-based standards and technology. Telecom companies offer full suites of telecommunication and Internet service. In the past, these two types of networks were distinct – telephone networks and computer networks performed completely different services and were not affiliated with one another. Additionally, modern communication networks are much faster and more cost effective than they were in the past. 91) What are the two types of signals used to communicate a message in a network and how are they different? What device converts one type to the other type? Answer: The two ways to communicate a message in a network are analog signals and digital signals. An analog signal is represented by a continuous waveform that passes through a communications medium and is used for voice communication. Examples include the telephone handset and other types of speakers that generate analog sound. On the other hand, digital signals are binary waveforms (not continuous) that communicate information as strings of two discrete states: one bit or zero bits (often depicted as strings of zeroes and ones). Computers use these types of signals and use modems to convert digital signals to analog signals. 92) What are some of the standards and networks used in digital cellular service, and where are they in use? Answer: Common cellular system standards include the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), which is used in Europe and much of the world outside of the United States. In the U.S,, Code Division Multiple Access is used by Verizon and Spring. It is a more efficient system than GSM. The generations of networks in use today by cellular systems includes 3G and 4G. 4G networks offer higher speeds than 3G. The standards in use by 4G Networks are Long Term Evolution (LTE) and Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMax). 93) What are some of the common types of physical transmission media and what differentiates them from one another? Answer: Common types of physical transmission media include twisted pair wire, coaxial cable, fiberoptic cable, and wireless transmission media. Twist pair wire consist of strands of copper wire twisted in pairs for voice and data communications. Coaxial cable consists of thickly insulated copper wires capable of high-speed data transmission and resistance to interference. Fiber-optic cable consists of strands of clear glass fiber that transmit data as pulses of light generated by lasers. Wireless transmission media is based on radio signals and involves satellite microwave systems and cellular networks. 94) Explain the Domain Name System. What are some of the common domain name extensions currently available and what types of services do they designate? Answer: The Domain Name System (DNS) converts domain names to IP addresses. Domain names are the English-like names that correspond to the unique 32-bit numeric IP address for each computer connected to the Internet. DNS is a hierarchy, with the root domain at the top, top-level domains such as .com and .edu one level below, and second-level domains designate a top level name and a second level name, like amazon.com. Common domain name extensions include .edu (educational institutions), .gov (government agencies), .mil (military), .net (network computers), .org (nonprofit organizations and foundations), .biz (business firms), and .info (information providers). Additionally, countries have their own domain names. Answers may cite a variety of other domain name extensions. 95) The "Internet of Things" refers to a vision of a pervasive Web, in which common objects are connected to and controlled over the Internet. Answer: TRUE 96) Apple Pay uses an RFID-related technology called near field communication. Answer: TRUE 97) NFC tags are always passive. Answer: FALSE 98) Digital rights activists believe “zero-rating” practices violate net neutrality principles. Answer: TRUE 99) In addition to being an online retailer, Amazon is also a powerful search engine. Answer: TRUE 100) The emerging Internet of People is based on sensors attached to clothing and personal effects that monitor physical states and locations of individuals. Answer: TRUE