Sailors Life Discourse

SAILORS LIFE DISCOURSE The "discourse of life" comes up in the first audience throughout the legal process that the Holy Office handles. In this regard, let's comprehend that this need is an addition to the trial that is conducted against the accused party. The "discourse of life" proper will therefore be reached following the relevant questions about age, locality, nature, ancestry, sacraments received, Scripture knowledge, and primary prayers. In a general sense, it is therefore an additional component in each and every prosecution. Through it, we can explore the social and economic reality that surrounds the prisoner as well as his everyday life and place of employment. This is especially true for foreign sailors, who provide a detailed explanation of experiences and aspects primarily related to the maritime world, exposing a variety of situations that we will see later. By delving into the "discourse of life" of foreign seamen, we are able to observe how, during a time when war has taken center stage in the world system, the Inquisitorial Tribunal is receiving political contributions. Consequently, information on the state of the war in sixteenth-century Europe will become available through the statements made by these defendants. The Old World was the site of rivalry, including economic ones, since it was engulfed in a political-religious issue at the time. Nicolás Cristóbal, the ship's carpenter on the Los Tres Reyes, notes that during one of his visits to Bordeaux, France, where wood was being transported, "and while the King of Navarre and the Uguenots' war with the Catholics was over, and then they seized the said ship in which this confessor had gone on behalf of the Catholics," there was a confrontation. This sailor's perspective allows us to allows us to trace the history of the conflict between Henry IV and Philip 11, which came to an end in 1593 when the former converted to Catholicism. In addition, it is obvious that the political and religious backdrop disclosed hurts trade, and by extension, those who engage in and profit from it. Because of this, Nicolás Cristóbal continues, he was compelled to labor on land for a year in order to practice his craft as a carpenter. Following this, the crew gathered to disembark from the ship and head back to Danzig with a load of wine.2. Similarly, Enrique Croque, the pilot of the ship León Colorado, explains that he was sailing in the Netherlands for a while with a small ship of his own and notes that "this was the year of eighty-eight when the large armada left Spain for England."3. Once more, there is a hint at the direct connection between animosity, commerce, and the reality of war that Europe faces-in this case, through the so-called Invincible Armada4. With this, we want to draw attention to the last point, which is that the Canary Islands' economy has always been centered on commerce and all that goes along with it-even in terms of society. In keeping with this notion, it should be mentioned that the Canary Islands had trade ties with the continents of Europe, Africa, and America, with the first of these, as we shall see later, being particularly notable based on the sources examined. Now, the inquisitorial apparatus gets data that it does not, in theory, know as well as information that we may consider to be known to it. Examples of this include many English seamen who acknowledge England's goal of assembling a fleet under the command of Francis Drake: In Duarte Estreids confession, it is revealed that a servant of Elizabeth Tudor, the Queen, had come to his hamlet "to take people and sailors and soldiers to yr with Francis Draque knows not where". The deponent set out in one of the "twenty ships that were then small there, the six of the Reyna and the rest of merchants [...J many people embarked with orders that they should go about the sea as they pleased, to look for prey to be made by Spanish ships, and that in the middle of April they should all assemble in the island of San Miguel," where they would meet Drake. Approximately one hundred and fifty men from this sailor's town traveled to London.S. Similarly, John Japhton, an English carpenter and sailor, describes himself as "being urged to go out to sea and went overland to London, where the river was embarked on a ship belonging to the Queen called Maria Fortuna, in which they would go out as a hundred and fifty men to take whoever they could at sea, and they came to the coast of Spain."Six In summary, we see how the maritime struggle and, by extension, the ongoing clash in Europe are sustained through the employment of piracy and privateering. Put another way, the attitude of war is clear, and even the Anglo-Saxon merchants got involved, helping the English government fight Spain. This was a fight that would hurt all the other countries because, as we will see later, these ships would attack not only Spain but any other vessel that was not English. As a result, the English monarchy supports any insurrection that adversely affects the Spanish Crown.7. As Francisco Fajardo Spinola notes, the Holy Office has therefore evolved into a political tool of the Monarchy, predicated on the punishment of Filipino adversaries, whether they corsairs or smugglers, in light of the battle that has been unleashed on the European mainland. The Canary Islands are a frontier region, a commercial enclave between America and Africa, where pirate and corsair activity has been common throughout the Modern Age, especially in the century we are now residing in. This makes exactly what we exactly what we just discussed all the more pertinent. It is important to note that the Canary Islands' Tribunal of the Inquisition had a demanding and fruitful mandate, primarily during the latter part of the sixteenth century. The majority of the demonstrators who will be convicted are, in reality, sailors. 9. As a result, the inquisitorial machinery allows us to understand the worldwide political conflict surrounding Spain's policies toward the nations of England, the Netherlands, and France. In contrast to nations like Portugal, these three States will so stand out significantly in the proceedings against foreign mariners. Regarding Drake, in the year 1587 he launched a pirate raid at the city of Cadiz. But in 1596, there was another attack on it. A Franciscan monk named Fray Pedro de Abreu offers some remarks regarding this most recent attack that provide us a picture of the international relations of the late sixteenth century, which were marked by the intense animosity between Spain and England. I0 But this friar understands that the struggle is built between the Protestants and Catholics, Spanish and English, respectively, and reduces much of the issue to a purely theological concern. In conclusion, as Professor Lobo Cabrerall put it, the Canary Islands will always be a part of and impacted by the global world, especially in terms of trade connections, which are the foundation of the island's economy as we have already said. Because of this, it is impossible to comprehend the archipelagic setting without taking into account the external environment that has influenced it throughout history, either directly or indirectly. sailed aboard the Queen Maria Fortuna's vessel, where they would set out as a hundred and fifty soldiers to capture whomever they could at sea, and they arrived at the Spanish shore."Six In summary, we see how the maritime struggle and, by extension, the ongoing clash in Europe are sustained through the employment of piracy and privateering. Put another way, the attitude of war is clear, and even the Anglo-Saxon merchants got involved, helping the English government fight Spain. This was a fight that would hurt all the other countries because, as we will see later, these ships would attack not only Spain but any other vessel that was not English. As a result, the English monarchy supports any insurrection that adversely affects the Spanish Crown.7. As Francisco Fajardo Spinola notes, the Holy Office has therefore evolved into a political tool of the Monarchy, predicated on the punishment of Filipino adversaries, whether they corsairs or smugglers, in light of the battle that has been unleashed on the European mainland. The Canary Islands are a frontier region, a commercial enclave between America and Africa, where pirate and corsair activity has been common throughout the Modern Age, especially in the century we are now residing in. This makes exactly what we just discussed all the more pertinent. It is important to note that the Canary Islands' Tribunal of the Inquisition had a demanding and fruitful mandate, primarily during the latter part of the sixteenth century. The majority of the demonstrators who will be convicted are, in reality, sailors.9. As a result, the inquisitorial machinery allows us to understand the worldwide political conflict surrounding Spain's policies toward the nations of England, the Netherlands, and France. In contrast to nations like Portugal, these three States will so stand out significantly in the proceedings against foreign mariners. Regarding Drake, in the year 1587 he launched a pirate raid at the city of Cadiz. But in 1596, there was another attack on it. A Franciscon monk named Fray Pedro de Abreu offers some remarks regarding this most recent attack that provide us a picture of the international relations of the late sixteenth century, which were marked by the intense animosity between Spain and England.10 But this friar understands that the struggle is built between the Protestants and Catholics, Spanish and English, respectively, and reduces much of the issue to a purely theological concern. In conclusion, as Professor Lobo Cabrerall put it, the Canary Islands will always be a part of and impacted by the global world, especially in terms of trade connections, which are the foundation of the island's economy as we have already said. Because of this, it is impossible to comprehend the archipelagic setting without taking into account the external environment that has influenced it throughout history, either directly or indirectly. Let's continue with the "discourse of life" and clarify that we need to compare the documentation we are working on's dependability with other kinds of sources. Certainly, the sailors will hold concerts over the statements they need to make in front of the Inquisition. Research becomes more difficult in this approach. This does not, however, imply that all of these convicts' confessions are not "true" in significant amounts. To sum up and reiterate earlier remarks, we need to use cross-referencing sources to verify the intriguing information that the Inquisitorial Court supplied.