PAL Articulations and Motions Worksheet

PAL Articulations and Motions Worksheet The following activities are designed to help you understand the variety and structure of different articulations, as well as the functional consequences of those structures (i.e. stability and motion). 1. Root word definitions The structural and functional classifications of articulations have root words. For instance, syn is the root word in “synarthrosis” Mark a box next to the root word that the definition describes. no movement little to no movement free movement word prefix Syn Amphi x Di 2. Categorizing the structural/functional categories of articulations The categories on the left hand column on the table are ______________, whereas the top row is divided into _________ categories. Mark the box which best relates the structural categories to its function. Remember, some categories can have multiple types of movement. Category fibrous cartilaginous bony fusion synovial synarthrosis amphiarthrosis diarthrosis x 3. Arrange the structural category from greatest mobility to least mobility. ________________________>____________________________>________________________ 4. Arrange the three functional categories from strongest to weakest in terms of stability. ________________________>____________________________>________________________ 5. Consider the stability of a joint in relation to its mobility. Using arrows link the functional to the structural. Remember a wheel (circle) indicates its function (movement). Structural Functional S F A C D S Articulation Characteristics: FILL IN THE BLANKS Intervertebral discs are an example of a cartilage pad are structurally classified as _______ and functionally as __________. The tooth is bonded to its bony socket is a _________, a type of fibrous joint. It provides _______ movement. The pubic symphysis is structurally classified as ____________, and it provides _________ movement. Little to no movement is provided by a syndesmosis joint, classified as _________. Articulating bones are limited in their movement by the presence of a _________. In a synovial joint, bones do not directly articulate because of the presence of a __________ . Hyaline cartilage and the articular cartilage of a synovial joint differ in two respects: 1) Articular cartilage lacks a _____________ 2) Hyaline cartilage contains less fluid in its __________. This word was introduced in chapter 3. The articular cartilage marks the completion of the _______ membrane. Synovial fluid functions to reduce ________. Joints containing synovial fluid are structurally classified as _________ and functionally classified as _________. Synovial fluid provides ________ for chondrocytes, as reduces _______ by absorbing ______. A(n) _________ structure found in the tibio-femoral joint that is made of cartilage is the ____________. MOVEMENTS: Movements which decrease the angle between the object and its articulating surface are ________. Increasing the angle is called _______________. During ______ movement, a bone remains vertical as it turns around its longitudinal axis. Condyloid joints are __________. Circumduction is a __________ motion. _______ motion describes an articulation where both objects have mobility in any direction. Decreasing the angle of a joint is called _____, movement in the opposite plane is called _____. MATCHING: Movements/Directions Match the following types of movements with the motions listed below: Draw arrows Moving arm from medial to lateral. Extension Turning head from left to right. Elevation Pressing head against chest. Supination Head is in anatomical position. Flexion Turning the sole of the foot laterally. Abduction Bending the vertebral column to the side. Eversion Turning the soul of the hand superiorly. lateral flexion Notes: 6. On the diagram below there are a bunch of joints that are circled. Label the following diagram the name of each joint (common and anatomical is appropriate) as well the structural and functional classification.