A Wearable Solution for Treating Apnea of Prematurity Through Application of Physical Stimuli - Edubirdie

University:
Boston University
Course:
GMS BC 630 | Ethical & Policy Issues in Health and Medical Services Emergency Management
Academic year:

2020
Views:

447

Pages:

1
Author:

Clint W.

A Wearable Solution for Treating Apnea of Prematurity Through Application of Physical Stimuli Apnea of prematurity (AOP) is one of the most common diagnoses in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), affecting more than 85% of infants born before 30 weeks. Complications of premature birth -- including AOP -- are the leading cause of death for children under the age of 5. AOP-driven irregular breathing and systemic hypoxia can cause developmental delays and brain injury. A range of treatments are used to address AOP, including tactile stimulation, oxygen supplementation, NC-PAP, and caffeine administration. These treatments require human intervention, are somewhat invasive, and may be associated with health risks and developmental delays. Devices using sto-chastic vibration to treat apnea exist but are not commercially available, and studies were incon-clusive about their effectiveness. Preliminary research suggests deterministic stimulation is more effective in treating AOP than stochastic stimulation. Based on this knowledge, we developed a safe, minimally invasive, and effective treatment for AOP in the form of a wearable device (brace-let). This device detects AOPassociated drops in SpO2 and responds with deterministic mechani-cal stimulation from a vibrating motor. In addition to defining new stimulation schemes, the bracelet only stimulates the infant when apnea is detected, rather than continuously stimulating the child. We designed two stimulation patterns, light and vigorous, and tested them in rat apnea models, which confirmed the new stimulations significantly decreased the duration of apnea compared to unstimulated controls; apneic episode durations were reduced by 10-16%. Therefore, using this device to deliver the proposed deterministic stimulation would effectively treat AOP, and improve apneic infants’ clinical outcomes.

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