University:
Boston University
Course:
MET CS 201 | Introduction to Programming
Academic year:

2023
Views:

186

Pages:

14
Author:

Gironetzbk3n

Introduction to C++: Lecture 1 Getting started with the training room terminals  Log on with your BU username  If you don’t have a BU username:  Username: Choose tutm1-tutm18, tutn1-tutn18  Password: on the board.  On the desktop is a link to MobaXterm. Double click to open it. Getting started on the SCC  If you prefer to work on the SCC and have your own account, login using your account to the host scc2.bu.edu  On the room terminals there is a MobaXterm link on the desktop  Load the Gnu C++ (g++) compiler and NetBeans modules: module module module module load load load load gcc/5.3.0 gdb/7.11.1 java/1.8.0_92 netbeans/8.2  Run to make a folder in your home directory and copy in the tutorial files: /scratch/intro_to_cpp.sh Getting started with your own laptop  Go to: http://www.bu.edu/tech/support/research/training-consulting/live-tutorials/ and download the Powerpoint or PDF copy of the unified presentation.  Easy way to get there: Google “bu rcs tutorials” and it’s the 1st or 2nd link.  Also download the “Additional Materials” file and unzip it to a convenient folder on your laptop. Getting started with your own laptop  Download the NetBeans 8.2 development environment: https://netbeans.org/downloads/  In the upper right choose your operating system and download the link at the bottom of the C++ column. Download a C/C++ compiler  Mac OSX: You will need Apple’s Xcode software with the command line tools installed.  This is the clang++ compiler, which is comparable to the g++ compiler.  Linux: You can use the g++ compiler already installed.  Windows: Things are a little more complicated… gcc/g++ for Windows  Visit: https://netbeans.org/community/releases/80/cpp-setupinstructions.html#mingw  Follow the directions to install the Windows port of the g++ compiler.  Skip the step about editing the PATH variable in Windows. Tutorial Outline: All 4 Parts  Part 1:  Intro to C++  Object oriented concepts  Write a first program  Part 2:  Using C++ objects  Standard Template Library  Basic debugging  Part 3:  Defining C++ classes  Look at the details of how they work  Part 4:  Class inheritance  Virtual methods  Available C++ tools on the SCC Tutorial Outline: Part 1          Very brief history of C++ Definition object-oriented programming When C++ is a good choice The NetBeans IDE Object-oriented concepts First program! Some C++ syntax Function calls Create a C++ class Very brief history of C++ C C++ Object-oriented programming  Object-oriented programming (OOP) seeks to define a program in class GasMolecule • • Data: • molecular weight, structure, common names, etc. Methods: • IR(wavenumStart, wavenumEnd) : return IR emission spectrum in range terms of the things in the problem:  files, molecules, buildings, cars, people, etc.  what they need to be created and used  what they can do Objects (instances of a class) GasMolecule ch4 GasMolecule co2 spectrum = ch4.IR(1000,3500) Name = co2.common_name “pseudo-code” Object-oriented programming  OOP defines classes to represent these things.  Classes can contain data and methods (internal functions).  Classes control access to internal data and methods. A public interface is used by external code when using the class.  This is a highly effective way of modeling real world problems inside of a computer program. “Class Car” public interface private data and methods Characteristics of C++ “Actually I made up the term ‘object-oriented’, and I can tell you I did not have C++ in mind.” – Alan Kay (helped invent OO programming, the Smalltalk language, and the GUI)  C++ is…  Compiled.  A separate program, the compiler, is used to turn C++ source code into a form directly executed by the CPU.  Strongly typed and unsafe  Conversions between variable types must be made by the programmer (strong typing) but can be circumvented when needed (unsafe)  C compatible  call C libraries directly and C code is nearly 100% valid C++ code.  Capable of very high performance  The programmer has a very large amount of control over the program execution  Object oriented  With support for many programming styles (procedural, functional, etc.)  No automatic memory management (mostly)  The programmer is in control of memory usage When to choose C++  Despite its many competitors C++ has remained popular for ~30 years and will continue to be so in the foreseeable future.  Why?  Complex problems and programs can be effectively implemented  OOP works in the real world!  No other language quite matches C++’s combination of performance, libraries, expressiveness, and ability to handle complex programs. “If you’re not at all interested in performance, shouldn’t you be in the Python room down the hall?” ― Scott Meyers (author of Effective Modern C++)  Choose C++ when:  Program performance matters  Dealing with large amounts of data, multiple CPUs, complex algorithms, etc.  Programmer productivity is less important  You’ll get more code written in less time in a languages like Python, R, Matlab, etc.  The programming language itself can help organize your code  In C++ your objects can closely model elements of your problem  Complex data structures can be implemented  Access to libraries  Ex. Nvidia’s CUDA Thrust library for GPUs  Your group uses it already!