2020 Practice Exam 2: MCQs

2020 practice exam 2 mcq - ap gov Which of the following is commonly identified as a failure of the Articles of Confederation? A. The national government lacked an effective power to raise revenue. Which of the following best summarizes the decision of the Supreme Court in the case of United States v. Lopez (1995) ? D. Congress does not have the authority under the commerce clause to pass a law forbidding possession of a firearm in a school zone. To get an important bill passed in the House, a provision is added that allocates $500 million to study the impact of global climate change on manatees in Florida. This is an example of B. pork barrel legislation Which of the following statements is correct based on the bar chart? D. The more consistently conservative a person is, the more that person is likely to believe that the Supreme Court should base its rulings on what the Constitution means in current times. B. outlines a framework for government that the Supreme Court The data illustrate that most conservatives believe that the United should apply strictly regardless of the political or personal preferStates Constitution ences of judges In the case of McDonald v. Chicago (2010) the Supreme Court ruled that the Second Amendment right to keep and bear arms for self-defense was applicable to the states. This ruling is an example of the application of the doctrine of B. selective incorporation The Web site healthcare.gov was launched on October 1, 2013, to help citizens purchase health insurance for themselves in accordance with the Affordable Care Act. Within two hours of launch the site crashed. Once it was restored, problems continued, leading to difficulty for users. The following year, Secretary of Health and Human Services Kathleen Sebelius was called to testify before the House Energy and Commerce Committee to discuss the issue. The committee held this hearing as part of which of the following functions? oversight After extensive polling, a member of the House of Representatives learns that her constituents favor universal background checks for all gun purchases. Based on this information, the representative votes in favor of background checks in a criminal justice bill, although she personally opposes the provision. In doing so, she is acting as a delegate The president privately discusses with his staff a decision to increase economic sanctions on Iran. Before a final decision is made, a draft of the proposal is leaked to a reporter. The president Freedom of the press includes a heavy presumption against govorders the reporter and her newspaper to suspend publication of ernment censorship, and the documents can be published by the the plan, citing issues of national and economic security. Which of press. the following best indicates how a court would rule in this case if the Supreme Court's ruling in New York Times Co. v. United States (1971) was used as a precedent? Which of the following statements is true regarding political advertisements in 2012 based on the information graphic? Few advertisements appealed to positive emotions. Which of the following is most directly related to the large amount of money spent by outside groups in the 2012 election? ? The use of super PACs as a mechanism to raise money and influence elections "...If we resort to violence then one of two things will happen: either the violence will be escalated and there will be many injuries and perhaps deaths on both sides, or there will be total demoralization of the workers. Nonviolence has exactly the opposite effect. If, for every violent act committed against us, we respond with nonviolence, we attract people's support. We can gather the support of millions who have a conscience and would rather see a nonviolent resolution to problems. We are convinced that when people are faced with a direct appeal from the poor struggling nonviolently against great odds, they will react positively. The American people and people everywhere still yearn for justice. It is to that yearning that we 1/5 appeal. ...When victory comes through violence, it is a victory with strings attached. If we beat the growers at the expense of violence, victory would come at the expense of injury and perhaps death. Such a thing would have a tremendous impact on us. We would lose regard for human beings. Then the struggle would become a mechanical thing. When you lose your sense of life and justice, The use of nonviolent actions allows more people to be involved you lose your strength...." in the movement and effect change. César Chávez, "He Showed Us the Way," 1978 Which of the following best describes César Chávez' view on the use of violence versus nonviolence? Which of the following provisions of the Bill of Rights could support the actions that César Chávez is encouraging the farmworkers to take? right to assemble Which of the following is a similarity between the views expressed Both César Chávez and Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. argued for the in the excerpt above and Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.'s "Letter from continued use of nonviolence to further their causes. Birmingham Jail"? Lobbyists from the Airlines for America, an advocacy group that represents commercial airlines, work with members of the House Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure and officials from the United States Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to discuss a new policy that addresses issues of airline safety. This scenario best illustrates an iron triangle Which of the following clauses serves as the constitutional basis for the federal Real ID Act of 2005, a law that established uniform standards for state-issued identification cards and provided regulation of a state function? The necessary and proper clause While the central goal of political parties is to win elections, parties Political parties use the social media site Instagram to reach out can also support democracy. Which of the following scenarios best to younger voters to inform them about upcoming elections and illustrates this relationship? encourage them to register to vote. Which of the following criticisms of political campaigns is the author of the political cartoon most likely to agree with? Candidates rely too heavily on professional consultants. Which of the following factors that influence voters' decision making during an election is the cartoonist poking fun at? The candidate's personal characteristics At a public high school, several students raised a banner and wore clothing in support of a candidate running in the upcoming presidential election during lunch period. The principal asked the students to put away the banner, citing safety concerns. Which of the following Supreme Court cases is most relevant to this scenario? Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District (1969) Which of the following ideals of democracy is reflected in the procedure for apportionment in the House of Representatives? The government is based on consent of the governed. Which of the following is a model of democracy that emphasizes the role of interest groups in advocating for public policy? Pluralist democracy The process shown in the diagram is outlined in which of the following parts of the United States Constitution? ? article 5 The process in the diagram reflects which of the following about The system should be able to accommodate political change, but the perspective of the framers on constitutional government? the process for change should incorporate checks and balances. Which of the following portrays an accurate example of horse race News media outlets report the results of public opinion polls that media coverage? show the relative popularity of presidential candidates. On July 9, 2018, after the retirement of Justice Anthony Kennedy, President Trump, a Republican, nominated Brett Kavanaugh to the 2/5 Supreme Court. Many Democrats in the Senate feared that the appointment of Kavanaugh would swing the Court in a more ideologically conservative direction and attempted to block his nomi- Life tenure for appointed justices alongside the power of judicial nation. After a heated Senate confirmation hearing, Kavanaugh review increases the stakes in the confirmation process for nomwas eventually confirmed by a 50-48 vote in the Senate. The inees to the Supreme Court. scenario best highlights which of the following statements about court appointees? The America First Action is a super PAC led by former administrator of the Small Business Administration Linda McMahon. Which The super PAC can spend unlimited money on issue-advocacy of the following best explains how the organization can operate to advertisements that are not coordinated with the campaign. influence elections, according to the decision in Citizens United v. Federal Elections Commission (2010) ? A polling firm tried to predict the results of an election by sampling 1,000 adults within a state for two days prior to the election, using landline telephones of likely voters. After the election, the firm Sample people who have cell phones, in addition to those with found that their poll results were not close to the actual election landlines. results. Which of the following recommendations would be the best for the firm to follow in the future? Which of the following statements is supported by data in the graph? The higher the income, the more likely that the person will support smaller government. Republicans are more likely than Democrats to believe that there Which of the following statements is consistent with data shown should be fewer regulations on businesses to promote economic in the bar graph? growth and increase wages. A citizen who uses the rational choice model of voting behavior selects candidates for office based on what is thought to be in the citizen's own self-interest During an investigation, police officers find illegal drugs while searching a home for which they did not acquire a warrant. Which of the following would prevent the drugs from being used as evidence at trial? exclusionary rule A number of states, including Georgia and Ohio, have passed laws that revoke voter registration if a person did not vote in recent Occasional voters will not be able to vote on election day, which election cycles. Which of the following is a likely consequence of could influence election results. these laws? In 2012, after negotiations on a bill in Congress failed, President Obama issued an executive order that protected from deportation disagreement between congressional leaders and the president individuals illegally brought to the United States as children by on the issue meant that a compromise on a bill was not likely their parents. The president took this action because A group unhappy with local law enforcement distributes a memo to members encouraging physical confrontations with police officers. The leaders of the group are promptly arrested. Which of the following Supreme Court cases best justifies the actions taken by law enforcement in this scenario? Schenck v. United States (1919) Which of the following conclusions can be drawn based on the table? The bill was able to pass because some Republicans and Independents voted for it along with all Democrats. The data in the table illustrate which of the following about United Presidential foreign policy can be checked through the legislative States constitutional government? power of Congress. The statesman who should attempt to direct private people in what manner they ought to [operate their business] would not only load himself with a most unnecessary attention, but assume authority which could safely be trusted, not to no single person, but to no council or senate whatever, and which would nowhere be so dangerous as in the hands of a man who [was so arrogant to think] The government should not be used to promote manufacturing. himself fit to exercise it. To . . . direct private people in what manner they ought to employ their capitals . . . in almost all cases [is] a useless or hurtful regulation. If the produce of domestic [industry] can be brought there as cheap as that of foreign industry, the regulation is evidently 3/5 useless. If it cannot, it must generally be hurtful. Adam Smith, The Wealth of Nations, 1776 Which of the following best summarizes the perspective of Adam Smith in the passage? Which of the following ideals of United States government is most relevant to this passage? limited government Based on the passage and your knowledge, which of the following most likely explains how Adam Smith might react to the decision in McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) ? Smith would disapprove of the court's decision to expand the federal government's power to regulate the economy. Which of the following positions on the government's role in the marketplace is most influenced by the idea expressed in the passage? ?Economic equality should be the goal of public policy. Which of the following would be considered an instance in which A city enforces its laws restricting noise to limit the scale of time, place, and manner restrictions would be applied to the First an outdoor concert event intended to raise public awareness of Amendment? climate change. Which of the following is a consequence of having concurrent powers within a federal system of government? Citizens and interest groups seeking policy change can choose from multiple access points. Which of the following is an accurate comparison of policy positions advocated by the Democratic Party and the Republican Party? Democratic Party- Favors increases in spending for programs such as Medicare and Medicaid. Republican Party- Favors significant increases in defense and military spending in the federal budget Which of the following is an accurate comparison of checks on the legislative branch and checks on the executive branch? Check on Legislative Branch The president may veto bills passed by Congress. Check on Executive Branch The Senate must confirm judicial nominees. Establishment Clause-Prohibits the federal government from proWhich of the following is an accurate comparison of the establish- moting religion or creating a national religion ment clause and the free exercise clause? Free Exercise Clause-Protects an individual's religious beliefs and reasonable religious practices Major Parties: The rules of the electoral college favor the major-party candidates in presidential elections. Which of the following is an accurate comparison between the relative functions and electoral success of the two major political parties (Democratic and Republican) and third parties? Third Parties: Winner-take-all voting districts hinder the electoral success of third-party candidates. Which of the following is the most accurate comparison of the processes that generally facilitate gridlock and those that facilitate governmental action? Facilitates Gridlock: checks and balances Facilitates Action: Executive orders Which of the following statements is supported by the data on the Texas (TX) has a higher rate of uninsured people than New Jersey map? (NJ). Which of the following characteristics best explains the data on the map? Federalism creates differences between states on the implementation of health-care policy. In the 2000 election, the gap between voters 65 and older and Which of the following statements is true based on the data in the 18-29 years old was 2%, with voters older than 65 preferring the line graph? Democratic candidate. The events that shaped the generation turning 18 after the year Which of the following is the best explanation for the trend in voting 2000 tended to create more liberal-minded voters who supported behavior after the 2000 election? Democrats. Which of the following represents a consequence of candidate-centered electoral campaigns? A decrease in the role of political parties in campaign management The president claims that certain detainees are enemy combatants and thus do not possess the same constitutional protections 4/5 Which of the following scenarios best demonstrates a president that the Supreme Court has upheld for the interrogation of criminal avoiding a check from the judicial branch? suspects. After hours of interrogation by police a suspect confesses to multiple felony offenses. His attorney objected to the admission of the confession because he was not advised of his right to have an attorney present nor his protection from self-incrimination. Which amendments are most relevant to this scenario? 5/5 Fifth and Sixth Amendments