Supervision in Institutional Organizations

THE CONCEPT OF SUPERVISION IN INSTITUTIONAL ORGANIZATIONS Supervision is a process used to assist and improve the performance of a person or group by providing appropriate guidance, direction and feedback. Supervision is usually focused on improving the quality of a person's or group's work and can be carried out in various fields, such as education, health, or business. In the field of education, supervision can be carried out by a teacher who serves as a supervisor for other teachers or by a school administrator who serves as a pedagogical supervisor. In the health sector, supervision can be carried out by a doctor who serves as a supervisor for other doctors or by a health service manager who serves as a clinical supervisor. Supervision usually consists of several stages, namely: 1) Identify goals: First, supervision begins by determining the goals or objectives to be achieved. 2) Observation: Then, the supervisor will observe the performance of a person or group to assess how the performance is in accordance with the goals that have been set. 3) Analysis: After that, the supervisor will analyze the results of the observations to identify existing strengths and weaknesses. 4) Action plan: Based on the results of the analysis, the supervisor will prepare an appropriate action plan to help a person or group achieve the set goals. 5) Implementation: The action plan will then be implemented and carried out according to the predetermined schedule. 6) Evaluation: After the action plan is implemented, the supervisor will evaluate the results to determine whether the goals have been achieved or not and what needs to be done to improve performance in the future. In the supervision process, supervision not only provides guidance and direction to a person or group, but also provides appropriate feedback to help a person or group. Supervision principles are the basic principles that form the basis of the supervision process. These principles aim to help supervisors manage the supervision process effectively and provide appropriate guidance, direction and feedback to the person or group being supervised. The principle of supervision also aims to help the person or group being supervised achieve predetermined goals and improve their performance. Important supervision principles include: 1) Supervision objectives: Supervision must have clear and specific objectives to be achieved. 2) Active involvement: Supervision must contain active interaction and involvement between the supervisor and the person or group being supervised. 3) Continuity: The supervision process must be carried out regularly and continuously to ensure that the set goals are achieved and the performance of a person or group continues to be optimized. 4) Feedback: Supervision must provide appropriate and constructive feedback to help a person or group improve performance. 5) Openness and honesty: Supervision must be carried out with openness and honesty to ensure that the person or group being supervised feels comfortable and can work effectively. 6) Involvement of the person or group being supervised: The person or group being supervised must be involved in the supervision process and have the opportunity to provide input and suggestions for improving performance. 7) Supervisory skills: Supervisors must have the right skills to manage the supervision process and provide appropriate guidance and direction. 8) Appropriate approach: The approach used in the supervision process must be appropriate to the conditions and needs of the person or group being supervised. Function is something that is done or assigned to do something or provide certain benefits or uses. Function can refer to something done by an organization, individual, or thing, and can be a responsibility, obligation, or task that must be carried out. In mathematics, a function is a relationship between a set of input variables and one or more output variables. Mathematical functions are written using the notation f(x), which shows that the output variable (y) depends on the input variable (x). In information systems, function refers to the actions or processes carried out by a software or system to provide certain benefits or uses. Function can also refer to something that is done or assigned to achieve certain goals, such as the management function which is tasked with managing an organization or the educational function which is tasked with providing education for the community. The supervisory function is the function carried out by a supervisor in the supervision process. The supervision function consists of several stages, namely: 1) Identify goals: First, the supervisor must determine the goals or objectives to be achieved through the supervision process. 2) Observation: Then, the supervisor will observe the performance of the person or group being supervised to assess how the performance is in accordance with the goals that have been set. 3) Analysis: After that, the supervisor will analyze the results of the observations to identify existing strengths and weaknesses. 4) Action plan: Based on the results of the analysis, the supervisor will prepare an appropriate action plan to help the person or group being supervised achieve the set goals. 5) Implementation: The action plan will then be implemented and carried out according to the predetermined schedule. 6) Evaluation: After the action plan is implemented, the supervisor will evaluate the results to determine whether the goals have been achieved or not and what needs to be done to improve performance in the future. Another function of supervision is to provide appropriate guidance and direction to the person or group being supervised, as well as providing constructive feedback to help the person or group improve performance. Supervision also aims to help the person or group being supervised achieve predetermined goals and improve the quality of their work.