Organizational Function in Support Management Decision Making

ORGANIZATIONAL FUNCTION IN SUPPORT MANAGEMENT DECISION MAKING A. Introduction In everyday life, people are familiar with various types of organizations that influence all levels of life. People, both as individuals and groups, are members of an organization called family, are members of the organization where we work, and participate actively as members of the organization in general. Organization is a necessary element in human life (especially in modern life). Organizations carry out things or activities that cannot be carried out well as individuals. Apart from that, it can be said again that organizations help society, help the continuity of knowledge and knowledge. Basically, organizations exist based on human limitations as individuals in achieving a goal. There are many goals that people want to achieve throughout their lives in organizations. Often to achieve big goals, someone needs other people to collaborate with to achieve that goal. In this collaboration, the activities carried out by the people involved follow a certain work pattern such as the existence of vertical and horizontal lines of authority, command, responsibility in the hierarchy that emerges. An organization is a unity of all interrelated activities between each member in it in a coordinated manner and with a specific goal. In essence, knowledge about organizations is knowledge about how to design effective and efficient organizations. Organizations are a human tool for organizing work so that humans cannot ignore the existence of organizations. With organization, work can be carried out effectively and efficiently. Therefore, knowledge about organizations is important for people who pay attention to organizations, because an organization is not a single entity, but it is a system that is closely related to many things, including management. Management is the process of planning, organizing, leading and controlling the work of organizational members and using all organizational resources to achieve predetermined organizational goals (Stoner, 1994: 7). Management is a process of achieving goals through collaboration between people. To be able to achieve goals in management, it is necessary to form an organization which can basically be defined functionally as a group of people who are united in efficient cooperation to achieve goals. B. ORGANIZATIONAL FUNCTIONS IN MANAGEMENT To achieve organizational goals, there are four organizational functions that need to be considered in relation to organizational management, namely: 1) Planning (planning). Matters related to planning in the organization include work plans or activities as well as the required budget, the technical implementation can be through meetings, such as: a. Work meeting (organization management) which discusses the management's work plans and member activities to be carried out with one or more targets to be achieved. b. Budget meeting, to determine how much budget is needed to support the organization's work or for an event/activity (in the form of an RKA list) or activity proposal. 2) Organizing (arrangements). The elements that need to be considered and implemented are: a. Organizational structure b. Clear job description c. Forms of coordination between parts of the organization d. The arrangement and data collection of organizational archives & inventory must be well organized and managed. 3) Accounting (reporting). Reporting is an element that must be carried out to show the attitude & sense of responsibility of the management to its members or to the structures above them. The concrete form is: a. Progress Report (Activity Development Report) or b. Activity Responsibility Report (LPJ). 4) Controlling (supervision). One of the tasks of leaders in an organization that should not be overlooked is to supervise organizational activities or the realization of activities and use of the budget C. DECISION MAKING IN MANAGEMENT Decision making plays an important role in management, because the quality of these decisions will determine the effectiveness of the plans prepared. In general, the meaning of decision making is as follows: 1. According to George R. Terry. Decision making is the selection of a particular alternative behavior (behavior) from two or more existing alternatives. 2. According to S.P. Siagian. Decision making is a systematic approach to the nature of the alternatives faced and taking action that according to calculations is the most appropriate action. 3. According to James A.F. Stoner. Decision making is a process for choosing an action as a way of solving problems. 4. According to Tata Sutabri. Decision making is a thought in the context of solving a problem to obtain a final result to be implemented From the definition above, it can be concluded that decision making is a process of systematically selecting the best alternative from several alternatives to be followed up (used) as a way of solving problems. In general, there are 7 steps in the decision making process, namely: 1. Implement goals and objectives: before starting decision making, goals and objectives must be established first. What results must be achieved and what are the measures for achieving these results? 2. Identification of problems: problems in the decision-making process must be identified and defined so that they are clear. 3. Developing alternatives: this stage contains identifying various possible alternatives for making existing decisions. 4. Determining alternatives: at this stage an analysis of the various alternatives that have been put forward in the previous stage takes place. At this stage, criteria are also prepared regarding alternatives that are in accordance with the goals and objectives of decision making. 5. Choosing alternatives: several feasible alternatives must be selected, the best alternative. 6. Implement decisions: good decisions must be implemented. The decision itself is an abstraction, meaning whether the decision is good or not can be seen from its implementation. 7. Control and evaluation: there is a need for control and evaluation to ensure that the implementation of the decision is in accordance with what has been decided. Decision making is the most important part of management, which is connected with the implementation of planning, in terms of deciding the goals to be achieved, the resources to be used, who will carry it out, who is responsible for the work submitted and so on. Decision making must play an important role in the decisions taken so that the final results must be implemented in accordance with the goals of the organization. Decisions in management are very important because they involve all aspects. Mistakes in making decisions can be detrimental to the organization, ranging from image loss to money loss. Decision making is a thought process in solving problems to obtain results that will be implemented. There are three decision making models, namely: • Understanding investigates environmental conditions that require decisions. The raw data obtained is processed and examined to be used as clues that can find the problem. • Design discovers, develops and analyzes possible courses of action. • Election selects a particular course of action from all existing courses of action. Choices are determined and implemented. D. CLOSING The organizational function is an activity that regulates human resources and other physical resources owned by the company to carry out predetermined plans and achieve common goals in a way that has been previously planned by the company. Basically, decision making is a choice from several alternatives. Decision making goes through a series of processes including identifying, analyzing, developing alternatives, evaluating alternatives, deciding on one of the best alternatives followed by a decision, and evaluating the results of the decision. There are several types that are commonly used by management when making a decision. Management is a science that has existed for a long time, so management has been applied even though there may not be any theories about management. So we should also apply a management system when making a decision. When making a decision, you should use and follow the theories that have been explained, both when faced with a difficult situation so that you are required to make a quick decision and so on, as well as applying a series of processes for making these decisions so that decision making becomes more effective and efficient.