Principles Of Decision Making

PRINCIPLES OF DECISION MAKING ABSTRACT In an organization, decision making is something that a leader cannot avoid doing. However, in making these decisions there are underlying principles, so that the organization's goals can run as they should. Keywords: decision making, decision making principles, organization A. Introduction One of the conditions for an association to be called an organization is that there is a leader, there are members who are led and the people in it have a certain goal that is mutually agreed upon. In achieving his goals, a leader must be able to make wise decisions so that the organization and the members he leads can carry out their duties so that they can achieve common goals. In order for the resulting decisions to function optimally, decision-making principles are needed which serve as directional guidance for an organization which provides a big picture context in which priorities can be placed so that the decisions taken can run according to their function. B. Decision Making Principles Decision making in educational leadership requires several principles as argued by Hoy and Miskel (1987) (which consist of: • Pay attention to members' morale and enthusiasm; • Participation; • Meeting member needs; • Member respect; • Situation and condition; • Roles and decision-making functions between members and administrators; • Internal and external conditions of educational institutions; • Restrictions on the nature of the problem; • Minimize negative consequences and maximize positive consequences; According to Mann (1975), decision making must be rational and reasonable. And it is more fully explained according to Robbins (2001) who differentiates between the principles of individual and group decision making. The principles of individual decision making include: • Analyze the situation; • Be aware of bias; • Combine rational and intuitive models; • Don't assume that decision making is suitable for all jobs; • Increase creativity. Meanwhile, group decision making must pay attention to the effectiveness of the group consisting of: • Number of ideas; • Quality of ideas; • Social pressure; • Cost; • Speed; • Task orientation; • Potential for interpersonal conflict; • Feeling of accomplishment; • Commitment to completion; • Development of cohesive groups. Based on the many expert opinions above regarding the principles in decision making, it can be summarized briefly, namely: 1. Based on the situation that occurs. A decision taken must be based on the situation and problems being faced by the organization, in the form of problem solving so that the decision function is fulfilled. 2. Analyze the positive and negative of a decision. The decisions made must benefit both parties, members and dreamers, and have positive consequences for the organization. 3. Minimize potential conflicts or problems Optimal decisions are decisions that are problem solving (resolving problems). C. Decision Making, Policy, and Planning Decision making is a selection process carried out by several influential people between several alternative choices that are based and the most appropriate. Policies are permanent decisions characterized by related and repeated behavior in those who make and implement them. Meanwhile, planning is the entire process of thinking and carefully determining the things that will be done in the future in the context of predetermined achievements. D. Conclusion The conclusion is that in making a decision, several principles are needed so that the resulting decision is optimal and the organization and the people in it, both the leader as the subject who makes the decision and the members who carry out the decision, run optimally. Several principles that can be concluded include the situation and conditions of the organization both internal and external, the positive and negative of a decision, and being able to minimize potential conflicts or problems and being problem solving. The implication of all this is that decisions taken by organizational, corporate and educational leaders are based on existing decision-making principles so that they are effective and optimal. And so that the organization's goals can be achieved.