University:
California State University, Northridge
Course:
BIOL 211 | Human Anatomy
Academic year:

2005
Views:

56

Pages:

20
Author:

Harper Schmitt

The Knee: Anatomy & Injury Mechanisms BONE The Knee Two Joints: Tibiofemoral Patellofemoral 1 Medial Condyle is larger than the Lateral Condyle Larger Femoral Condyles What’s the consequence of larger femoral condyles? 2 Convex-Concave Rule 3 JOINT The Menisci 4 The Menisci Tibiofemoral load transmission Shock absorption Lubrication Prevent synovial impingement Distribute synovial fluid Contribute to joint stability Assist in gliding motion My Third Law 5 Movements of menisci during flexionmove posteriorly during extensionmove anteriorly extended R flexing … menisci move posteriorly unequally … the menisci follow, or stay with the, femoral condyles Movements of menisci during lateral rotation of the tibia the menisci follow the femoral condyles, e.g. they remain with the femoral condyles while the tibia rotates during medial rotation (compare to lateral rotation) Lateral rot. Neutral Medial rot. R … the menisci follow, or stay with the, femoral condyles How would you palpate the menisci? 6 Anterior Cruciate Ligament Posterior Cruciate Ligament 7 Tibial: •Anterior Translation •Internal Rotation •Valgus or Varus Medial Collateral Ligament 8 Lateral Collateral Ligament Why do we have a patella? Patellar Motions 9 Trochlear Depth – Full Extension Trochlear Depth – 60° Flexion MUSCLE / TENDON 10 11 The Effect of the Quads on the Patella BURSA 12 NERVE VASCULAR 13 14 INJURIES Bone 15 Joint 16 Osteochondral Defects Osteochondritis Dissecans Synovitis 17 Arthritis Horizontal Oblique Longitudinal Radial Whiting and Zernicke, 1998 18 Rotational Instabilities Relative motion of the tibia on the femur Multiple structures are involved Total may be greater than the sum of the parts Bursa 19 20

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