Chapter 3: Momentum & Impulse | California State University, Northridge

University:
California State University, Northridge
Course:
PHYS 100A | General Physics I
Academic year:

2023
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KOLEJ MATRIKULASI SELANGOR physics\akademik\1PN\SF016\ch3 3 Momentum & Impulse Momentum, p = the product between mass and velocity 3.1 Momentum & impulse 1. Impulse, J = Ft 2. Impulse, J = change in momentum J = p = m (v2 – v1) 3. ImpulseMomentum Theorem The impulse of the force F acting on a particle equals the change in the momentum of the particle caused by that force. J = Ft = m(v2 – v1) p = mv Unit: kg m s-1/ N s Impulse, J = 3.1 Momentum & impulse the product of a force, F and the time, t J = Ft Unit: kg m s-1/ N s Impulse, J the change of momentum, p = mv - mu = m(v - u) Unit: kg m s-1/ N s From F-t graph: Impulse, J = Area under graph 3.2 Conservation of linear momentum 1. States “In an isolated (closed) system, the total momentum of that system is constant.” OR “When the net external force on a system is zero, the total momentum of that system is constant.” p = constant, OR The total of initial momentum = the total of final momentum pi = pf 2. In 2-D, 3. pix = pfx piy = pfy Collision - an isolated event in which two or more bodies (the colliding bodies) exert relatively strong forces on each other for a relatively short time Total momentum is conserved elastic pi = pf one in which the total kinetic energy (as well as total momentum) of the system is the same before and after the collision Total kinetic is conserved Collision Ki = Kf an isolated event in which two or more bodies (the colliding bodies) exert relatively strong forces on each other for a relatively short time inelastic Total momentum is conserved one in which the total kinetic energy of the system is not the same before and after the collision (even though the total momentum of the system is conserved). Total kinetic is not conserved pi = pf Ki  Kf Elastic Inelastic pi = pf : pi = pf : m1u1 + m2u2 = m1v1 + m2v2 m1u1 + m2u2 = (m1 +m2)v Ki = Kf : 1 m1u12 2 1 m2u22 +2 1 m1v12 =2 1 m2v22 +2 Ki  Kf : 1 m1u12 2 1 1 + 2m2u22  2(m1 +m2)v2