Types of Legal Protection Efforts for Teachers

Types of Legal Protection Efforts for Teachers 1. Consultation When facing problems in terms of legal protection, professional protection, employment protection, and IPR protection, teachers can consult with competent parties in their fields. The consultation can be carried out with legal consultants, law enforcers, or other parties who can help resolve the problems faced by the teacher. Consultation is a personal action between a certain party called a client, with another party who is a consultant, who provides his opinion to the client to meet the needs and requirements of his client. Consultants only provide legal opinions, as requested by their clients. Decisions regarding the resolution of the problem will be taken by the clients themselves, although sometimes the consultant is also given the opportunity to formulate forms of problem resolution desired by the clients. 2. Mediation When facing problems in terms of legal protection, professional protection, employment protection, and IPR protection in relation to other parties, such as the emergence of problems between teachers and educational organizers or units, other parties asked for help by the teacher should be able to help mediate it. 3. Negotiation and Peace When facing problems in terms of legal protection, professional protection, employment protection, and IPR protection in relation to other parties, such as the emergence of problems between teachers and educational organizers or units, educational organizers/units must open up opportunities for negotiation to teachers or groups of teachers. There are several things that differentiate between negotiation and peace. In negotiation, a maximum of 14 days are given for completion, and the resolution of the problem must be carried out in the form of direct meetings by and between the parties involved in the problem. Another difference is that negotiation is an alternative institution for resolving problems that is carried out outside the court, while peace can be carried out either before the trial process or after the trial is carried out. The implementation of peace can be in or out of court. 4. Conciliation and Peace When facing problems in terms of legal protection, professional protection, employment protection, and IPR protection in relation to other parties, such as the emergence of problems between teachers and educational organizers or units, educational organizers/units must open up opportunities for conciliation or peace. Like the alternative problem-solving institutions described above, conciliation is not clearly formulated in Law Number 30 of 1999. Conciliation or peace is an alternative form of problem solving outside the court or an action or process to achieve peace outside the court. To prevent the implementation of the litigation process, at every level of ongoing justice, both inside and outside the court, conciliation or peace can still be carried out, with the exception of matters or problems where a judge's decision has been obtained that has permanent legal force. 5. Litigation Advocacy. When facing problems in terms of legal protection, professional protection, employment protection, and IPR protection in relation to other parties, for example when there is a problem between teachers and educational organizers or units, various parties who are asked for assistance or defense by teachers should be able to provide litigation advocacy. Many teachers still think that litigation advocacy is a legal defense (litigation) job carried out by lawyers and is only a job related to court practice. This view then gives rise to a narrow understanding of what is called advocacy. As if litigation advocacy is both a matter and a monopoly of organizations related to legal science and practice alone. Such a view is not always wrong, but it is also not entirely correct. 6. Non-litigation Advocacy When facing problems in terms of legal protection, professional protection, employment protection, and IPR protection in relation to other parties, for example when there is a problem between teachers and educational organizers or units, various parties who are asked for assistance or defense by teachers should be able to provide non-litigation advocacy. Thus, in addition to litigation, there is also an alternative to resolving problems outside the courts which is commonly called non-litigation. An alternative to resolving problems outside the courts is a system for resolving problems outside the courts or by setting aside litigation in the District Court. Currently, the method of resolving problems through the courts has received quite sharp criticism, both from practitioners and legal theorists.