Implementation Of Geographic Information System

IMPLEMENTATION OF GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM Geographic Information System (GIS) is an information technology device used to create, manipulate geographically referenced databases to produce new maps and attribute data. To utilize this GIS, data related to the space and location of the earth's surface is needed. In a geographic information system there is a combination of hardware components, software, graphic data, and humans as users who work together effectively to enter, store, repair, update, manage manipulation, integrate and present information in a graphical form. 1. Tools and materials The supporting equipment used in this study is needed as a support in the implementation and creation of applications. These supporting tools are in the form of hardware and software. The following are the equipment used: 1) Hardware The hardware used to build this application is a laptop with the following specifications: • Intel(R) Pentium(R) CPU B950 @ 2.10 GHz (2 CPUs) • 2 MB RAM • 500 MB Hard Disk 2) Software The creation of applications in this system uses the following software: • The Database Management System (DBMS) package used is MySQL\ • PHP programming language with javascript for writing program code • Using Google API to display maps 3) Data Sources The sources and types of data used are: a. Primary The primary data used in this application is obtained from the coordinates of the school location obtained from Google Maps API and GPS b. Secondary Secondary data types are the results of the tpacket capture pro application capture using cloudshark org. 2. System Design Steps in searching for the nearest school distance are as follows: 1) The user enters the residential address, then the system will detect the latitude and longitude coordinates. 2) The system will automatically calculate the initial distance to the nearest school position (school n) using the haversine formula, namely: a = sin2 (ΔlatDifference/2)+cos(lat1)*cos(lat2).sin2) Δdifference/2) c = 2.atan2( √a, √(1-a) d = r*c where, ΔlatDifference = lat1 - lat2 (latitude difference) ΔlonDifference = lon1 - lon2 (longitude difference) R is the radius of the earth, which is 6371 km or 3961 miles, with 1 degree = 0.0174532925 radians d is the distance calculated between two points. 3) The distance between the initial position and the position of the school n if it is known, then the system makes a comparison, the distance between the initial position to the first school with the distance from the initial position to nth school. 4) If a smaller distance is found in the comparison, the system will take the smaller distance. 5) The comparison process will continue until all school distances have been compared. 6) The distance with the smallest value is used as the solution to determine the shortest distance. 3. System Testing The application of calculations carried out in determining the distance between two coordinate points, namely the Tanjungsari village head office and SMP Negeri 2 Manisrenggo using the haversine formula in the application of the law of cosines as follows: 1) The first step, The user determines the starting point of the Tanjungsari Village Head Office, Manisrenggo District as the coordinate, namely -7.6986579, 110.4971946 2) The second step, Determine the coordinate point of SMP Negeri 2 Manisrenggo, namely 7.6966385, 110.5041736 3) The third step, Convert between the first point and the second point in radians using the following formula: Tanjungsari village head office. 𝑅𝑎𝑑𝑙𝑎𝑡1 = −7.6986579 180 x 3.14 = -0.134298810033333 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛 𝑅𝑎𝑑𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔1 = 110.4971946 180 x 3.14 = 1.92756217246667 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛 SMP Negeri 2 Manisrenggo. 𝑅𝑎𝑑𝑙𝑎𝑡1 = −7.6966385 180 x 3,14 = −0,13426358272 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛 𝑅𝑎𝑑𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔1 = 110.5041736 180 x 3,14 = 1,92768391724 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛 4) Fourth step, Enter the coordinates of the starting point and the coordinates of the ending point with the haversine formula, c = a cos(sin(Radlat1) x sin(RadLat2) + cos(Radlat1) 𝑥 cos(𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑙𝑎𝑡2) x cos(Radlong2) 5. Fifth step: The calculation result c is converted into kilometers by multiplying the radius of the earth (R) which is 6371 with the formula: d = R x c To get the distance on the earth's surface between two latitude and longitude coordinates as variables in the algorithm of the haversine formula above can be solved with the equation: 𝐽𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑘(𝑑) = 2r ∗ arcsin (√sin2 (∅1−∅2 2 ) + cos(∅1) cos(∅2)sin2 (λ1− λ2 2 )) (1) Description: Ø = latitude Ϡ = longitude Based on the equation formula above, it can be seen that the distance between the Tanjungsari village head office to SMP Negeri 2 Manisrenggo is 0.801148108110353 The system design in the new student admission application with a zoning system will display the following features or functions: 1) The virtual map will display the location of the user and school 2) Displays information on the closest distance from the user's position to the school 3) Displays information and information needed by each school 4) Displays routes, distances and roads that can be taken to the nearest school. The testing stage of this application is carried out as follows: 1) The first stage that must be done is to download the project file after completing the App Inventor Project in the form of an apk file format. 2) The second stage is to install the application that has been downloaded to the cellphone obtained from the App Inventor design page. 3) The third stage is to conduct testing which is usually called blackbox testing. This stage is an implementation as well as to find out whether the system created can run well according to the activity design that has been created. By utilizing Geolocation from the Google Maps API, users will get the search results for the location of the nearest school. Furthermore, the haversine formula will find the shortest distance by comparing all school data that has been inputted between the user's coordinate point and the school's coordinate point. The smallest distance obtained from the calculation using the haversine formula is stated as the shortest distance. Furthermore, the results of the calculation and information will be displayed visually through a map that has been created in the system. The default coordinates used in calculating the distance are the school's coordinate point and the user's coordinates which are used to display digital maps along with routes and directions via the Google Maps API. CONCLUSION After testing and analysis, it can be concluded that by using the system that has been created, the location of the nearest school can be generated and displayed, equipped with a visual display of a digital map and information related to the school. By using the havesine formula, it can be used to find and determine the distance of the nearest location by calculating and getting the results with the smallest value as the shortest distance location. School data information presented in the geographic application about the location of the school and displays school information data including the name of the school, type of school, latitude position, longitude position, number of student capacity based on class, and school address. To provide more benefits, it is recommended to improve the system by always updating the database to display more information related to school data.