Application of Agile Government in Education During the Pandemic

APPLICATION OF AGILE GOVERNMENT IN EDUCATION DURING THE PANDEMIC Definition of Agile Governance Agile, Governance , so agile governance is agile governance, or in other words, the government's ability to follow the flow of developments, and can meet the demands of society quickly. agile governance is defined as the ability of an organization to respond quickly to unexpected changes in meeting the demands and needs of society that are increasingly changing (Holmqvist and Pessi, 2006; Ngai et al., 2011; Bradley et al., 2012). In addition, agile governance is also defined as the ability of an organization to be able to carry out cost efficiency, as well as increase the speed and accuracy in exploiting opportunities to make innovative and competitive actions (Huang et al., 2014; Liang et al., 2017; Queiroz et al., 2018). Furthermore, Luna, Kruchten, and Moura (2015) describe agile governance into six principles, namely: 1. Good enough governance: the level of governance must always be adjusted to the context of the organization. 2. Business-driven: business must be the reason for every decision and action. 3. Human focused: society must be valued and given space to participate in governance. 4. Based on quick wins: success achieved quickly must be celebrated and used as motivation to get more stimulation and results. 5. Systematic and Adaptive approach: the team must be able to develop intrinsic abilities to be able to respond to change quickly and systematically. 6. Simple design and continuous refinement: the team must be able to provide fast and always improving results. In fulfilling the principles of agile governance, the organization's ability to utilize Information and Communication Technology (ICT) plays an important role, especially in exploiting a rapidly changing environment (Tiwana and Konsynski, 2010). ICT plays an important role because it is a means of connecting decisions, the willingness to place the organization in a strategic position, and the competence to practice agile governance. Through the organization's capabilities and capacity in implementing ICT, the organization will find it easier to be agile, especially in facing challenges from environmental changes. Government Efforts to Address Education During the Pandemic The pandemic that hit the Indonesian nation has changed everything, including in the field of education. The pandemic has had a significant impact on education in Indonesia. This impact is felt by millions of students, including in Indonesia. Disrupting the direct learning process between students and lecturers and the cancellation of learning assessments have an impact on the psychology of students and a decrease in the quality of student skills and socialization. This burden is the responsibility of all elements of education, especially the state in facilitating the continuity of Educational Institutions and Universities, namely education stakeholders in order to carry out Distance Learning (PJJ). To reduce the losses that will befall the world of education in the future. Starting from the online lecture process, Lecturers and Students are asked not to come to campus in order to avoid transmission and spread of the Covid-19 disease, how should Indonesia plan, prepare, and recover from Covid 19. The current Indonesian government through the Work Program of President Jokowi and the Minister of Education and Culture in early 2020 regarding the Independent Learning Independent Campus policy (Tohir, 2020) aims to improve the quality and relevance of undergraduate graduates by improving the quality of university lecturers, as well as improving the quality of the curriculum and learning process. In accordance with Permendikbud Number 3 of 2020 concerning National Standards for Higher Education, Article 18 states that the fulfillment of the study period and load for undergraduate or applied undergraduate students can be implemented: 1. Participating in the entire learning process in the study program at the university according to the study period and load; and 2. Participating in the learning process in the study program to fulfill part of the study period and load and the rest following the learning process outside the study program. Through Merdeka Belajar – Kampus Merdeka (MBKM), students have the opportunity for 1 (one) semester or equivalent to 20 (twenty) credits to study outside the study program at the same University; and a maximum of 2 (two) semesters or equivalent to 40 (forty) credits to study in the same study program at a different University, study in a different study program at a different University; and/or study outside the University. For the continuation, all Universities and Educational Institutions must be ready to transform the Curriculum to the MBKM Curriculum (Aris Junaidi et al., 2020). The preparation of the curriculum began to be prepared through Work From Home (WFH) with communication media using online media or sometimes offline. So, from each existing Study Program, through the Faculty at the University, they began to compile the Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) Curriculum in accordance with the established rules. Basically, the creation of the MBKM Curriculum during this pandemic should be able to be adjusted to conditions in the field. In accordance with the needs in creating the MBKM curriculum during the pandemic, health protocols must still be prioritized and continue to develop and develop. As in temporary activities, there are initial and final time limits, as in other activities. (Pamungkas and Khalida, 2019). Implementation of Agile Governance in Education During the Pandemic The goal of national education as stated in Law Number 20 of 2003 concerning the National Education System, Article 3, is the development of students to become human beings who believe in and fear God Almighty, have noble morals, are healthy, knowledgeable, capable, creative, independent, and become democratic and responsible citizens (Law of Indonesia Number 20 of 2003 concerning the National Education System, 2003). To realize students who are in accordance with the expectations of the law, all education providers must be serious about creating programs, implementing and continuously evaluating the program so that it runs according to the objectives and continues to develop according to the conditions of the times. The government plays an important role in the advancement of education in Indonesia, so that education in Indonesia is of high quality, a government that is agile, fast, responsive or better known as "agile" is needed in responding to the changes that always come. The presence of the pandemic in Indonesia has also changed the education system in Indonesia. Learning that should be done face-to-face, can not be done to reduce the rate of increase in Covid-19 cases. Therefore, the role of agile governance is needed to overcome this. The government is also trying to continue to make changes and also make regulations so that education during the pandemic continues. The use of technology is one way the government replaces the learning system that is usually done face-to-face with the Study From Home (SFH) system. Study From Home is done so that students do not need to leave the house to study. By utilizing technology, learning can be done online (online). This is certainly a new habit for students in Indonesia because before the pandemic, they never thought they would undergo the online system that we have been doing until now. Even though we cannot learn face-to-face directly, learning must still be carried out actively, creatively and innovatively. Online learning or e-learning can bring a new atmosphere to various learning developments. The selection and use of e-learning appropriately can improve learning outcomes optimally (Darma Andayani & Mukhlisah Abdal, 2020). Online learning or e-learning using online media is very diverse. The proliferation of these learning platforms requires teachers' creativity to choose and use them appropriately. In addition, the government also provides solutions for Indonesian education during the pandemic with: Teacher sharing program, provision of free quotas, BOS & BOP relaxation, PAUD teacher rooms & family friends, "Learning From Home" on TVRI, Learning on RRI Radio, collaboration with online learning platform providers, Learning House, Bimtek Series, and Webinar Series. The use of technology is one proof of agile governance, the government's recommendation not to leave the house requires Indonesian students to utilize existing technology and implement an online learning system. In this case, the government quickly issued regulations for learning from home (SFH) to reduce the spread of Covid-19. Therefore, technology is the most needed thing for Indonesian students during this pandemic. CONCLUSION The pandemic that has hit Indonesia for almost 2 years has caused many changes in Indonesia, including in the field of education. The education system that has been carried out directly or face-to-face has had to be replaced with an online system. The government is also required to make changes so that education during this pandemic can run well. Well, in this case, agile governance needs to be applied for agile governance, or in other words, the government's ability to follow the flow of developments, and be able to meet the demands of society quickly. To reduce losses that will befall the world of education in the future. Starting from the online lecture process, lecturers and students are asked not to come to campus in order to avoid transmission and spread of the Covid-19 disease, How should Indonesia plan, prepare, and recover from Covid 19. This is the government's effort to implement agile governance by utilizing technology with an online learning system (online). SUGGESTIONS Agile governance is very much needed in this 4.0 era. The use of technology has become commonplace today, especially among the millennial generation. The pandemic that changed the learning system with an online system or using technology has become a challenge for this nation to be smarter in utilizing technology. Therefore, the author hopes that the government will be more agile in responding to the changes that come and the Indonesian people will be able to use technology well and intelligently.