Forms of Social Change

Forms of Social Change The form of social change is a manifestation of human development, which always moves dynamically following the development of the times. The forms of social change are as follows: 1. Forms of Social Change Based on the Process. a. Planned Change Planned Change is a change that is well-planned. Planned change is carried out by the party who wants change or is usually called an agent of change. The changes that will be made usually begin with social planning. An example of social change is the use of e-books as a replacement for printed textbooks in schools. The use of e-books that is carried out comprehensively is a flagship program of the central government, this is expected to make it easier for students to understand the subject matter in schools. b. Unplanned Change Unplanned change is a change that occurs outside the plans or estimates of society. This unplanned change can have negative impacts that can harm society itself. One example of an unplanned change is what we are currently experiencing, namely the Covid-19 virus which has caused changes in various sectors including the Education sector. The teaching and learning process which was originally carried out face-to-face, must now be carried out virtually or online and people must wear masks when traveling and must maintain distance. Unplanned changes are referred to as natural changes or sometimes also referred to as sudden changes or accidental changes. 2. Social Change Based on Time a. Rapid Change (Revolution) Revolution is a social change that occurs in a very short time, quickly, and fundamentally. Rapid change concerns matters related to social institutions that are difficult to change. Change is said to be a revolution if there is a general desire in society, there is a leader, there is a goal to be achieved, and the time is right. b. Slow Change (Evolution) Evolution is a change that lasts a long time and takes time and is often without planning. This change, if it arises, will require a fairly long adjustment carried out by society gradually and naturally (social redundancy). 3. Social Change Based on Impact a. Small Change (Incremental Change) Small change is a change that occurs in a narrow environment in society. Small changes will have an impact on a small part of society, or will not have an effect on the social structure of society as a whole and as a whole. An example of a small change is a change in the model of a cellphone that follows the development of the times. This change in the model of a cellphone is followed by the addition of new and more complete features. b. Major Change (Comprehensive Change) Major change is a change that has a major impact or influence on the social structure in society and has a direct impact. 4. Social Change Based on Methods a) Violent Change (Violence, Involuntary, Coervice) Violent change is social change carried out using violent methods, both physical and psychological violence with the aim of achieving the desired change. This change is carried out to accelerate the desired change process. b) Non-violent Change (Nonviolence, Voluntary, Persuasive) Non-violent change is change carried out using peaceful means, inviting, and sympathy to achieve the desired change. However, this change takes a long time which sometimes makes the change agent impatient and finally decides to use violent change or pressure. An example of non-violent social change is change carried out by conducting socialization and empowerment to the community. 5. Change Based on the Nature of the Change. a) Structural Change Structural change is carried out to create and produce fundamental change. An example of structural change is a change of president or if in the scope of Education, a change of principal. The new principal will establish new policies and work programs, which will also affect the school community. b) Functional Change and Cultural Change Structural change will always be followed by functional change and cultural change 6. Changes for Improvement Purposes (Amendments) One of the changes for improvement purposes is process change (not fundamental). Process change or also called non-fundamental change is a change that is of a perfecting nature to overcome a certain situation, this change is only a refinement of changes that already exist. An example of a process change is a change in the selection of prospective civil servants by perfecting the shortcomings in the previous selection process. 7. Social Change Based on the Side of Progress and Regression Direction. a) Progressive Change (Forward) Progressive change is a change that brings progress in society and is a change that is desired or expected by society. An example of progressive change is the existence of equal rights and obligations between men and women, and the disappearance of certain gender stereotypes based on culture is one example of a change that brings progress. b) Regressive Change (Backward) Regressive change is a change that is not beneficial to society. Examples of changes that bring regression or regressive change are changes caused by war and natural disasters.