University:
Cameron University
Course:
1004 | General Biology
Academic year:

2024
Views:

124

Pages:

2
Author:

Hallie Randolph

Life Science Biology Chp 5: Structure and function of plasma membrane • • • • • • • • • • Understand the cell membrane fluid mosaic model Describe phospholipid, protein, and carbohydrate functions in membranes Discuss membrane fluidity Explain why and how passive transport occurs Understand the osmosis and diffusion processes Define tonicity and its relevance to passive transport Understand how electrochemical gradients affect ions Distinguish between primary active transport and secondary active transport Describe endocytosis, including phagocytosis, pinocytosis, and receptor-mediated endocytosis Understand the process of exocytosis Biology chp 7: Cellular respiration • • • • • • • • • Discuss the importance of electrons in the transfer of energy in living systems Explain how ATP is used by cells as an energy source Describe the overall result in terms of molecules produced during the chemical breakdown of glucose by glycolysis Compare the output of glycolysis in terms of ATP molecules and NADH molecules produced Explain how a circular pathway, such as the citric acid cycle, fundamentally differs from a linear biochemical pathway, such as glycolysis Describe how pyruvate, the product of glycolysis, is prepared for entry into the citric acid cycle Describe how electrons move through the electron transport chain and explain what happens to their energy levels during this process Explain how a proton (H +) gradient is established and maintained by the electron transport chain Discuss the fundamental difference between anaerobic cellular respiration and fermentation Study guide chp 8: Photosynthesis • • • • • • • • Explain the significance of photosynthesis to other living organisms Describe the main structures involved in photosynthesis Identify the substrates and products of photosynthesis Explain how plants absorb energy from sunlight Describe short and long wavelengths of light Describe how and where photosynthesis takes place within a plant Describe the Calvin cycle Explain how photosynthesis works in the energy cycle of all living organisms Life Science Study guide Chp 10: Cell reproduction • • • • • • • • Describe the structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes Distinguish between chromosomes, genes, and traits Describe the mechanisms of chromosome compaction Describe the three stages of interphase Discuss the events happen during karyokinesis/mitosis’ phases Explain how the cytoplasmic content is divided during cytokinesis Define the quiescent G0 phase Describe how cancer is caused by uncontrolled cell growth Study guide Chp 11: Meiosis & sexual reproduction • • • • • Describe the behavior of chromosomes during meiosis, and the differences between the first and second meiotic divisions Describe the cellular events that take place during meiosis Explain the differences between meiosis and mitosis Explain the mechanisms within the meiotic process that produce genetic variation among the haploid gametes Describe the three different life-cycle types among sexually reproducing multicellular organisms.