University:
Camosun College
Course:
NURS132 | Promoting Health and Wellbeing
Academic year:

2023
Views:

471

Pages:

3
Author:

Aysha A

MENINGITES (pia arachnoid chara Leptomeningiti's inflammation within Subarachonid Space between pia & arachnoid matte Matte Infectious ↓ Acut Iyogenic (Bucteria) Aseptic (viral) Chronic Syphilis cyptococcal (Acuto pyogenic) Turbid, Cloud OSF ↑ proteins ↓sugar Numerous PMN Leucocytes. TB Water house Friderichsen syndrom Meningihs Septicemia Pete chine Hemorrhagic infarction of adrenal adi glands. ACUTE PYOGENIC MENINGITIS Etiology: E.coli & group. B. Streptoccoci (Neonates) Infants and childred - Hemophilus influenzar +Adolescents & in young adults:- Neisseria meningitides koukes- • Blood stream Infection 2 Adjacent Focus of Infection latrogenic Through Cumber Puncture/ MORPHOLOGY mick creamy exudate is seen within Leptomeningitis over surface of Brain//... meninges appear opaque MICROSCOPY Budars in subarachnoid spare (fibrin & collection of Neutrophil Laran stain may revoal the exact cousa ile organisms OSF changes cmost definitive feature: POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEULOCYTES Appearance:- Cloudy or Franky Purulent Pressure :- Increased (>180 mm of wab) Cells Increased Neutrophils (90,000/ cubic mm) - Proteins Increased (> 50 mg/dL) Glucose- Markeds Reduced (<40mg/dL) Bacteria seen or smear or can be caltured. Smerr COMPLICATIONS obstructive Hydrocephalous Thrombophlebitis of cepto mennyal veins may lead to -Venas thrombosis cerebral infarction • Cerebral Abscess. subdural Emphyeme •Epilepsy CLINICAL FEATURES Headache, Vomits, Fenes, cursurilsions. CLASSICAL Cervicel Rigidif/Nide shitness SIGNS • Kernig sign.- Free pain with Hip Flexion • Brudzins) ci sign Knee Pan/Hip flexion when Neck is flexed/ ACUTE ASEPTIC (VIRAL) MENINGITIS Etiology Enterovirus, HIV, mumps. Virus, EB vims e comrnon in young adults & children HSV CSF Appearance:- Clear Protein: Moderates incream (>40mg/100ml) Glucose - Always Normel Microscoya - 10-100 Lymphocytes /ML Clinical Features Fener & Headache Prognosis - Usualf self-limit. CHRONIC MENINGITIS Crylococci Tuberculosis meningitis +Hematogenous sprired, Milicy spreads Direct spread MORPHOLOGY Subarachnoid cpace cuntain greenish, gelatinous, or fibrtions exudate most prominent at the base of the brain. Surroundis the cranial nerves/... - lepomeringer show discrete, white granules of tubercle MICROSCOPY -Granulome consist of epitheliod cells, Langhans giant celis Surrounded by Comphocytes) shows central areas of caseous necrosis AFB coaguletir of clear, colourless, Forms (cobweb on stando duett Fibringe CSF pressure (>300 mm of Ho •Proteins 50-150 mg/100 mL (↑) • Glucose Moderaleb reduced or normal (20-50 mg/100 mL) Chloride Decreasel (450-600 mg/100 mL) Cells Moderate CSF pleocytosis (500-700 cells/NL) main (Lymphocytes