University:
Camosun College
Course:
NURS132 | Promoting Health and Wellbeing
Academic year:

2023
Views:

28

Pages:

3
Author:

Aysha A

GLIOMAS DASTROCYTOMA Astrocytomes oligodenda gliomed Ependymas Glioma derived from astrocytes Subclassification. •Diffuse infiltratiy Astrocytome Localized astrocytomas (Pilocytic astrocytoma) Diffusely infitraty Astrocytome Furrn 800% of Primary Brain tumour in adults Site Cerebral Hemisphere 40-60 Classification (Bused on Histologic classification) clinical Courx -Diffuse astrocytoma (grade -11) Anaplastia astrocytoma ( grade-IIDIDH-wildtype IDH-mutent alioblastome (grade-10) NOS MOLECULAR GENETICS Wioblastome new on set of disease without any pre-existing Low-grade astrocytome +2° = Patient who had Low-grade-astrocytome Molecular subtypes classic Proneural Neural Mesenchmel -celluloni't Celata + Atypica #Grade-1 Pilay tic Grade- Diffure (ellus + Neuler Atypia + Mitosis Grade-3 Endothelial + Necrosist cellurit + Grod-4 prolita Nuchr Aspis + mitosis. Mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IPHU gene are most common genetic alterations in grade-11-astrocytoma & oligodendo gliome. ✓Mutation in Promoter for telomerase immurtalizations of tumour cells & can be seen in glioblastomas & other astrocytic tumours. MORPHOLOGY DIFFUSE ASTROCYTOMA Gross Poorly demarcated, Infiltrative tumour Size: Few centimetres to large lesions. Cut surface Gray, Firm, or soft, and gelatinous. Microscopy mild to moderate cellularity due to increase in astrocytic glial tumour cell variable degree of nuclear pleomorphism Fibrillary back ground - Between nucles of tumour cells extensive network of fine, GFAP-positive, produces Fibrillamy background appearance. demarcation-instinct Immunohistochemistry positive For GFAP Calial Fibrilf acid protein GLIOBLASTOMA Gross • Consistency and colour varies due to necrosis Some areas are white & firm, others are soft & yellow yellow (old) Colour represent's hemorrhage Red (Recent • cystic degeneration MICROSCOPY Similar to anaplashi astrocytome, with necrosis of endothelial Cell proliferation • Increased cellularity • Marked cellular & Nuclear pleomorphism AVAPLASTU ASTROCYTOMA • Anaplasia • Frequent mitoses Necrosis serpentine (snake-liko-pattern) of necrosis 2) Edges of necrotic aree surrounded by palis ading tumour cell (pseudopalisading) •Endothelial Tufts of cell-proliferation Piled-up endothelial cell protrude into Lumen C/F=> seizures & Headache. Radiologic studies Show's mass effect & edema of brain adjuant to the turnour. HGA abnormal vessels "contrast Enhancement Prognosis progression. Calioblastoma:-Poo0/ 1