University:
Camosun College
Course:
NURS132 | Promoting Health and Wellbeing
Academic year:

2023
Views:

234

Pages:

3
Author:

Aysha A

LEPTOSPIROSIS Lintrogens pased on (LPS) Leptospira L.biflexa epidemiolosa L. interogans Cause leptospirosis weils disease, cause liver & Kidney damage, meningitis, respiratory distress and even death. Mode of transmission zoonotic No Direct Human-Human transmission >Indirect contact with soil, walke > Pirect contact with contaminated Animal Products. SOURCE: Dogs, Ratk, Lattle, Pigs. aspmptomatic transmit via Urine... Seasonalit Monsoon or post-monsoon. 3RS Rodents apudomy determinants Rainfall Rire-Field PATHOGENESIS abrode FIRST PHASE (Septicemia phase) After entering through the mucosal (conjunctival or oral), L'interogons spill over bloodstream and then disseminate hematogenously to various organs including brain, kidneys Liver, Lung, & Heart. Vascular damage (Spirochetes con be found in the walls of cupillaries Penetration & Invasion of tiswe is due to active motility • Release of Hyaluronidase 2. SECOND PHASE (Immune Phase) AS. Abs develop, spirochetes dissapear from blood. Antigen- Ab complex is deposited al various organs. Renal colonization: Bacilli become adherent to proximal Renal tubular Brush border and excreted in urine. CLINICAL MANIFESTATION Incubation period is Febrile about 10 days (1-30 days) 1. Mild anicteric Illness: occurs in 90% of patients. Biphasic; spoticemic phase occurs followed by Immune phase. Presents with Flu-like Iinien, fever, N+V, Headache, Ab Pain & myalgia. 2. weils disease (Hepato-Rencil "Hemorrhagli syndrome) ↳ severe form of Icteric-Illnes & occurs in 104 Patients. Typhical Biphask worse may not be present Fatalit 5-15% LAB DIAGNOSIS SF & Blood (10) urine (10-35) SPECIMEN COLLECTION MICROSCOPY Thin; LMX •Wet Films obs und dork ground microscopy, Highb mottle - staining- Silve Imp. Stains (Fontana; mod. Steiner techs) Spirall coiled bacilli with booked ands like umbrella ISOLATION 30°C for 4-6 weeks Culture media :-) Enriche & media -ⅰ) EMJH Liqued media 2) Korthofs medium 3) Fletchers semisolid Serology for Antibody detection. • IgM increase then decline. Iga appears later than IgM, persist - Low level for Classified into years GENUS-SPECIFIC TEST uses broads reactive genis-specific antiger prepared from non-pathogenic L. biflexe Pactoc 1-strain. Various test are ELISA detect IgG & IgM seporukly Lepto-dipstick assay detects I'm ontbody • Immuno Chromatographic test (ICT): detect lyme iga separakly. Serovar-spauric test (MICROSCOPIL MICROSCOPIC AGGLUTINATION TEST; MAT * It detects antibodies against specific serovars of L. Interogans. Gold standard & reference test 200 1000 • Pulianti urum is mixed in a micropitre plate with live antigen suspensions of vor. leptospiral serovars endemic in localit; incubated for 2-4 ha al 30°C then examined under dark-G-M for the presence of gogh. #CAAT (cross-Agghat-Aburat tert PCR detecty 165 of 239 TRNA Molecules memods. ✓ Alta Renal & Liver Punction test Treatment (100 mg sowice a day) Mild leptospirosisural doxycycline (100 mg Sevore - Penicillin (1.5 mill waits -4-7488) 1-0-1 for days Vaccine SPIROLEPT monur Sanofi pasteur Sic ing as 2 doses 15-days interval, third dose -4-6 months aits//