Abnormal Facial Development

Cleft Lip: Underdevelopment of mesenchyme of the maxillary swelling, resulting in inadequate contact with the medial trasal process and intermaxillary processes. The length and departments of Heresultry Cleft con any are considerable. Paragenetic factors such as of neural crest maxillary swellings for a cleft lip. adequate migration or proliferation ectomesenchyme excessive cell death during or nasal placode development may account Aetiology is multifactorial, however, drugs such as they term and vitamin A and its analogues may induce the condition. Cleft Palate This is caused by inadequate palatine sheet growth, incorrect shelf elevating an extensive head, failure of shelves to fuse or rupture after fusion. It may result from an Etiology 15 wide range of congenital insults and genetic Agam multifactorial, with the same teratogens as for cleft lip, al troughs an & Inked elect palate has been deemed. A cleft refers to An opening. It can be cleft lip, cleft palate, or Facial Palate. Cleft lip refers to open space b/w lip especially. Part of vermillion Ime or refers to failure Failure in the fusion of lip. Cleft palate im the development of purt which makes the palate bone (maxillary process) and sott Palate (owl). Cleft lips OLLUN Mild clefts in the upper lip that don't affect the lower lip might appear as a note can cause a the lip. Severe cleft linge opening From the lip through the nose. Unilateral Cleft lip: Occurs on unilateral cleft lip, a one side of the lip. With a gap appears conder one nostril and the nose might slightly tilt & Bilateral cleft lip: occers look longer than pormal. on both sides of the lip. With a bilateral cleft lip a deep it split might extend from the lip into both nostrils, causing the rose to took backer Complete clefts! involve the entire lip and often the part of jaw bone that tolds the teeth (also known as the alveolar pares) Incomplete clefts: Involve part of the lip. Cleft Palates con extend from the front of the mouth to the treat and range from mild to severe. Complications of Clefts: * Feeding Difficulties Baby might gay, shake, aspiration ete * Speech and Language Delay: •If the child has cleft lip, they will generally develop rommel on hear normal speech by Kindergarten or early elementary school. •If the child has cleft palate, they might develop speech more slowly. A cleft palate impacts speech because the palate may not function properly to touch the back of the Great when speaking: therefore the ar escapes and the voice sounds nasally. Child might have difficulty producing some consonant sounds. After left palate repair, most children eventually develop howmel speech, although some need speech therapy or additional Surgery. * The presence of clett lip and palete will certainly have adver affects speech. The lips and palate are very important production of certain speech sounds. The ants from the lungs be directed via vocal treet to be mouth and with bo of lips Sounds. tongue, the air gets meditied as different sys There is a huge variation In how children wild a cleft levels in terms of speech, and the severity of their cleft is not a good indication. Children with an elect that affects their soft palate may te problems with speech that include sounding nasal. The is com by the sitt palate not being able to partner properly close of the mouth. From the nose. while ess age trough the nose. speaking This is known Impastorrent (YPI). Additionally, it there before letting as velopharyngeal ane still holes tis in the palate the makes it difficult to make some o Such as 5,2, sth which require placing the tongue there! make the sound. If teeth are. missing or not Some dental sounds such as f and v in the right place, may be more difficult to articulate. Children will start to learn thow to make different sounds as they grow up. Around half of all children wilts a Speees and cleft palate will need Language Therapy (SLT). Child will have an assessment at around 18-24 mantly old, and another one at 3 years. Treet will recommend if they think it is necessary. * The aim is for children to have good quality, mtelligible Speech by age 5-6 so Brat brey Can enter school able ko Participate Fully in class and communicate wils trets. peers. * An unrepaired cleft palate causes nasal emission and tuypormase. * The majority of children with potential hypernasality and nasal emission ame those born with a eleft palate that will have had it repaired between six and 12 months of age * Nasel in cleft lip and Palate speech exeem the production of due to the presence of velopharyngeal dysfunction 21. production of fricative sounds