Art History Aegean Civilization and Ancient Greece

1 — Aegean Art Which aspect is NOT characteristic of Aegean cultures?  a.) The Aegean cultures were located in a collection of islands near Greece called the Cyclades.  b.) The Aegean sea connected the cultures and provided a means of trade between cultures.  c.) Bronze was used by the Aegean cultures in the making of tools and weapons. d.) Male figurines made of ceramic or marble were the most common type of artwork of the Aegean cultures. d.)Correct. Aegean artwork did not focus primarily on male figurines. There are many examples of female figures or other forms in Aegean works of art.  What is the term used to denote the simplification of this figure's body into triangular shapes?  a.)  b.)  c.)  d.) Abstraction Geometrification Triangulation Idealization a.)Correct. Abstraction of the human figure involves simplifying the form down to geometric shapes, such as the simple lines and triangles which form this figure. What did the role of ancient myths play in the archaeological excavation of Aegean sites in the modern era?  a.) Modern explorers were not influenced at all by ancient texts.  b.) Modern scholars discovered the ancient texts to be true historical descriptions after their examination of Aegean archeological sites.  c.) The reading of ancient texts and myths led explorers to discover certain sites.  d.) Modern explorers used ancient texts as reference manuals after they had discovered ancient Aegean sites. c.)Correct. Many modern archaeologists began excavations that were inspired by myths. Heinrich Schliemann tried to find the ancient Troy based on the tales in the Illiad and Arthur Evans tried to find the palace of King Minos, which led to the discovery of the ancient city of Knossos. 2 — Minoan Art What is the difference between buon fresco and secco fresco?  a.) Buon fresco is a method of painting on plaster in which the plaster is still wet, and fresco secco is a method of painting on plaster in which paint is applied after the plaster is already dried.  b.) Buon fresco is a method of painting on plaster in which paints are oil-based, and fresco secco is a method of painting on plaster in which the paint is water-based.   c.) Buon fresco is a type of painting on plaster in which paints are water-based, and fresco secco is a type of painting on plaster in which the paint is oil-based. d.) Buon fresco is a method of painting on plaster in which paint is applied after the plaster is already dried, and fresco secco is a method of painting on plaster in which the plaster is still wet. Select the statement about Minoan art and culture that is TRUE.  a.) Fresco secco is a Minoan painting technique in which pigments are applied to the plaster while it is still wet.  b.)   The bull is an important figure in Minoan artworks and legends. c.) The mythical Minotaur is a creature with the head of a horse and the body of a man. d.) Minoan art can be described as less dynamic than Egyptian art, with a focus on muted colors and simplistic techniques. b.)Correct. The Minoan culture placed a strong value on natural objects and designs and the bull appears in many works of art as well as in the famous myth of the Minotaur. Select the statement about Minoan art and culture that is FALSE.  a.) The Minotaur is the mythological creature associated with the Minoan civilization.   b.) The buon fresco technique, common in Minoan artwork, involves painting on the walls after the plaster has dried. c.) The palace complex was referred to as a labyrinth because of confusing passageways and use of the double-headed ax symbol on the walls. d.) The predominant themes in Minoan works of art include nature, liveliness, and energy. b.)Correct. You seem to be thinking of fresco secco. Buon fresco is a technique in which paint is applied to wet plaster, not dry plaster. Both are common in Minoan artwork.  3 — Mycenaean Art Which trait of Mycenaean architecture is represented in this image?  a.) Cyclopean construction  b.)  c.)  d.)  e.) Votive figures Beehive tombs Labyrinth Corbeled vault e.)Correct. A corbeled vault is a simple type of vault using step-support elements. This vault shows rocks stacked on top of each other, gradually coming closer together ("stepped") to meet at the top. Which trait of Mycenaean architecture is represented in this image?  a.)  b.)  c.)  d.)  e.) Labyrinth Beehive tombs Sunken relief Votive figures Cyclopean construction b.)Correct. This image depicts a large, round room used as a tomb. Which trait of Mycenaean architecture is represented in this image?  a.)  b.)  c.)  d.) Cyclopean construction Labyrinth Beehive tombs Votive figures a.)Correct. Cyclopean construction uses blocks of masonry that are so large they appear to have been built by something not entirely human, such as a Cyclops. 4 — Ancient Greece Which of the following correctly identifies a Greek deity and his or her primary association?  a.) Aphrodite - goddess of war  b.) Pericles - god of the underworld  c.) Zeus - father of the gods  d.) Protagoras - god of the sea  e.) Poseidon - god of the fields Which of the following correctly identifies a Greek deity and his or her primary association?  a.) Ares - god of thunder  b.) Athena - the messenger goddess  c.) Poseidon - god of the sea  d.) Dionysus - father of the gods  e.) Hephaestus - god of peace Which of the following correctly identifies a Greek deity and his or her primary association?  a.) Athena - goddess of wisdom  b.) Aphrodite - goddess of mischief  c.) Zeus - god of the harvest  d.) Apollo - god of thunder  e.) Nike - goddess of love 5 — Vase Painting Select the option that correctly explains the function of the vase shown below:  a.) Vessel used for drinking wine  b.) All-purpose vessel used to store liquids  c.) Vessel used to mark a gravesite  d.) Vessel used to commemorate victory c.)Correct. This image shows an example of a funerary vase, which was used to mark a gravesite. Funerary vases were particularly large and decorative, not necessarily functional. Select the option that describes the style of this vase:  a.)  b.)  c.)  d.) Geometric Black figure Orientalizing Red figure b.)Correct. The figures shown here are black against a red background, so this is an example of black figure painting. Select the option that correctly explains the function of the vase shown below:  a.) Vessel used to commemorate victory  b.)  c.) Vessel used for drinking wine All-purpose vessel used to store liquids  d.) Vessel used to mark a gravesite c.)Correct. This vessel has large handles and a lip for pouring. It is also very large, which would make it ideal for storing liquids. 6 — The Human Figure in Greek Sculpture What physical characteristic is exhibited in this sculpture?  a.) Black figure  b.)  c.)  d.) Archaic smile Contrapposto Abstraction c.)Correct. The figure shown here is placing most of the weight on one foot, resting the other foot, and creating a slight tilt in the pelvis. This is a classic contrapposto pose. Select the true statement about the work of art shown below.  a.)  b.) It has a peplos. It illustrates the canon of Polykleitos.  c.)  d.) It is an example of a kouros.  It is an example of contrapposto. a.)Correct. This figure is wearing a robe known as a peplos. Select the true statement about the work of art shown below.  a.) It has a peplos.  b.) It is an example of a kore.  c.) It is an example of the Canon of Polykleitos.  d.) It has an archaic smile. d.)Correct. This figure shows a stiff, unnaturalistic facial expression known as an archaic smile. 7 — Greek Temples What surrounds a peripteral temple?  a.) Sculptural decoration  b.) A row of columns  c.) Megaliths  d.) A large courtyard b.)Correct. A peripteral temple is a type of temple surrounded by a row of columns. What classical order is displayed in the image?  a.)  b.)  c.)  d.) Corinthian Cyclopean Ionic Doric d.)Correct. The Doric order of columns is a simple style with an undecorated capital. These columns have no decoration on the capital, so they are part of the Doric order. Which part of a temple would house sculpture as seen in the image?  a.) Capital  b.)  c.)  d.) Pediment Peristyle Entablature b.)Correct. A pediment is the triangular element on the front and back of a Greek temple. The pediment would often contain sculptures such as the one shown here. 8 — The Parthenon Select the feature or characteristic that is present in the image of the Parthenon.  a.) Spoila  b.) Entablature  c.) Necropolis  d.) Ionic order b.)Correct. The entablature is the upper section of a Greek temple that rests on top of the columns. In this image, it is thick, horizontal line of stone blocks immediately above the columns.   a.) Spoila b.) Doric order c.) Necropolis  d.) Podium b.)Correct. The Parthenon contains columns with undecorated capitals, which is a characteristic of the Doric order.  Select the feature or characteristic that is NOT present in the image of the Parthenon. a.) Pediment  b.) Peripteral temple  c.) Ionic order  d.) Entasis c.)Correct. The Ionic order of columns are decorated with scrolls on either side of the capital. The Parthenon has undecorated capitals, which are characteristic of the Doric order.  9 — Late Classical and Hellenistic Periods Which one of the following sculptures represents the emphasis on a more relaxed, exaggerated posture, characteristic of the Late Classical period? Which of the following sculptures is from the Hellenistic period, just like the Nike of Samothrace?