Adult Health Theory 110 Questions

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Adult Health Theory practice quiz A nurse is caring for an adolescent client who has a long history of diabetes mellitus and is being admitted to the emergency department confused, flushed, and with an acetone odor on the breath. Diabetic ketoacidosis is suspected. The nurse should anticipate using which of the following types of insulin to treat this client? a. NPH insulin b. Insulin glargine c. Insulin detemir d. Regular insulin A nurse is providing teaching for a client who is newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and has a prescription for glipizide. Which of the following statements by the nurse best describes the action of glipizide? a. "Glipizide absorbs the excess carbohydrates in your system." b. "Glipizide stimulates your pancreas to release insulin." c. "Glipizide replaces insulin that is not being produced by your pancreas." d. "Glipizide prevents your liver from destroying your insulin." A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should recognize that the client understands the teaching when he identifies which of the following as manifestations of hypoglycemia? (Select all that apply.) a. Polyuria b. Blurred vision c. Polydipsia d. Tachycardia e. Moist, clammy skin A nurse is caring for a client with diabetes mellitus who is prescribed regular insulin via a sliding scale. After administering the correct dose at 0715, the nurse should ensure the client receives breakfast at which of the following times? a. 0720 b. 0730 c. 0745 d. 0815 A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has nephropathy secondary to diabetes mellitus and plans to make dietary adjustments. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? a. Consume less than 45% of total calories from carbohydrates per day. b. Eat no more than 300 mg of cholesterol per day. c. Consume less than 0.8 g/kg of body weight of protein per day. d. Eat at least 45 g of fiber per day. A nurse is providing dietary teaching for a client who has just learned that she has type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should explain that which of the following sweeteners will add calories to the client’s carbohydrate count? a. Sorbitol b. Sucralose c. Aspartame d. Acesulfame potassium A nurse working for a home health agency is teaching a client who has diabetes mellitus about disease management. Which of the following glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) values should the nurse include in the teaching as an indicator that the client is appropriately controlling his glucose levels? a. 6.3% b. 7.8% c. 8.5% d. 10% A nurse is caring for a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus who reports feeling shaky and having palpitations. When the nurse finds the client’s blood glucose to be 48 mg/dL on the glucometer, he should give the client which of the following? 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. a. Graham crackers b. 1 tsp sugar c. 4 oz diet soda d. 4 oz skim milk A nurse is planning a community diabetes mellitus management program. Which of the following goals should the nurse include for the program? a. Proper foot care will be demonstrated to clients during the program. b. Clients will have a decreased incidence of foot amputations. c. A facility will be reserved for the program. d. Handouts and teaching materials will be distributed at the program. A nurse is assessing a client who has diabetes mellitus and reports foot pain. The nurse should evaluate the client for which of the following alterations as indications that the client has an infection? (Select all that apply.) a. Bradycardia b. An increase in neutrophils c. An increase in RBCs d. An increase in platelets e. Localized edema A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus. To focus on effective learning with this client, which of the following interventions should the nurse use? a. Ask the client to perform a return demonstration of insulin injection b. Review the action of insulin therapy c. Explore the client’s feelings about dietary modifications d. Have the client practice blood-glucose monitoring using a glucometer A nurse is caring for a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse make to the client for a sweetener? a. Corn syrup b. Natural honey c. Non-nutritive sugar substitute d. Guava nectar A nurse is teaching a client who has diabetes about which dietary source should provide the greatest percentage of calories. Which of the following statements indicates the client understands the teaching? a. “Most of my calories each day should be from fats.” b. “I should eat more calories from complex carbohydrates than anything else.” c. “Simple sugars are needed more than other calorie sources.” d. “Protein should be my main source of calories.” A nurse is teaching a client who has diabetes mellitus and receives 25 units of NPH insulin every morning if her blood glucose level is above 200 mg/dL. Which of the following information should the nurse include? a. Discard the NPH solution if it appears cloudy. b. Shake the insulin vigorously before loading the syringe. c. Expect the NPH insulin to peak in 6 to 14 hr. d. Freeze unopened insulin vials. 15. A nurse is reviewing the medication list for a client who has a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should recognize which of the following medications can cause glucose intolerance? a. Ranitidine b. Guaifenesin c. Prednisone d. Atorvastatin 16. A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes and a new prescription for 14 units of regular insulin and 28 units of NPH insulin subcutaneously at breakfast daily. What is the total number of units of insulin that the nurse should prepare in the insulin syringe? 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. a. 14 units b. 28 units c. 32 units d. 42 units A nurse is teaching a client who has diabetes mellitus and a new prescription for glimepiride. The nurse should teach the client to avoid which of the following drinks while taking this medication? a. Grapefruit juice b. Milk c. Alcohol d. Coffee A nurse is caring for a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. The nurse misread the client’s morning blood glucose level as 210 mg/dL instead of 120 mg/dL and administered the insulin dose appropriate for a reading over 200 mg/dL before the client’s breakfast. Which of the following actions is the nurse’s priority? a. Give the client 15 to 20 g of carbohydrate. b. Monitor the client for hypoglycemia. c. Complete an incident report. d. Notify the nurse manager. A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has diabetes and a new prescription for insulin glargine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide regarding this type of insulin? a. Insulin glargine has a duration of 3 to 6 hr. b. Insulin glargine has a duration of 6 to 10 hr. c. Insulin glargine has a duration of 16 to 24 hr. d. Insulin glargine has a duration of 18 to 24 hr. A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes and plans to administer his regular insulin subcutaneously before he eats breakfast at 0800. After checking the client's morning glucose level, which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Give the insulin at 0700. b. Give the insulin when the breakfast tray arrives. c. Give the insulin 30 min after breakfast with the client's other routine medicines. d. Give the insulin at 0730. A nurse is teaching about disease management for a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which statement made by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "I am to take my blood sugar reading after meals." b. "Insulin allows me to eat ice cream at bedtime." c. "A weight reduction program will make me hypoglycemic." d. "I give the insulin injections in my abdominal area." A nurse is providing teaching to an adolescent who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching? a. Administer glucagon for hyperglycemia. b. Obtain an influenza vaccine annually. c. Inject insulin in the deltoid muscle. d. Take glyburide with breakfast. A nurse is teaching a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus about foot care. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "I'll wear sandals in warm weather." b. "I'll put lotion between my toes after drying my feet." c. "I'll check my feet every day for sores and bruises." d. "I'll soak my feet in cool water every night before I go to bed." A nurse is assessing a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus and finds the client lying in bed, sweating, and reporting feeling anxious. Which of the following complications should the nurse suspect? a. Hypoglycemia 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. b. Nephropathy c. Hyperglycemia d. Ketoacidosis A nurse is providing teaching about self-administration of insulin to the parent of a school-age child who has a new of diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates a need for further teaching? a. "I will be sure my child aspirates before injecting the insulin." b. "The insulin can be injected anywhere there is adipose tissue." c. "I will be sure my child rotates sites after 5 injections in one area." d. "The insulin should be injected at a 90-degree angle." A nurse is providing teaching about foot care for a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "I should soak my feet before trimming my nails." b. "I should buy new shoes late in the day.” c. ”I should wear a clean pair of nylon socks every day." d. "I should use a heating pad at night when my feet feel cold." A nurse is developing a teaching plan for a client who has a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take first? a. Establish short-term, realistic goals for the client. b. Give the client access to a video about diabetes. c. Determine what the client knows about managing diabetes. d. Evaluate the effectiveness of the client’s admission teaching plan. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a diabetes mellitus about carbohydrate intake needs when exercising. Which of the following foods should the nurse include as containing a 15 g serving of carbohydrates? a. 2 slices bread b. 1 cup sugar-free yogurt c. 1 cup milk d. 1 cup regular ice cream A nurse in a provider's office is collecting a health history from a client who has a new prescription for glyburide to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a contraindication for taking this medication? a. "I had strep throat about one year ago." b. "I plan to continue nursing my baby until he is at least a year old." c. "I got my flu shot at the pharmacy two weeks ago." d. "I am allergic to shellfish." A nurse is caring for a client who has type I diabetes mellitus and is not following the guidelines for therapy. Which of the following should the nurse consider as contributing factors to the client's nonadherence? (Select all that apply.) a. Gender b. Culture c. Literacy d. Dexterity e. Motivation A nurse is teaching a client who has diabetes mellitus and a new prescription for prednisone for a rash. Which of the following statements by the client indicates the need for further teaching? a. "I might need to increase my regular insulin during this time." b. "I will gradually stop the prednisone when my rash goes away." c. "I might feel a little emotional when I am on this medicine." d. "I might have a hard time falling asleep while taking prednisone." A nurse is teaching a school-age child who has type 1 diabetes mellitus and his parents about illness management. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? a. "Withhold insulin dose if feeling nauseous." b. "Notify the provider if blood glucose levels are over 350 milligrams/deciliter." c. "Test the urine for ketones." d. "Limit fluid intake during meal time." 33. A nurse is preparing a teaching session about reducing the risk of complications of diabetes mellitus. Which of the following information should the nurse plan to include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.) a. Reduce cholesterol and saturated fat intake. b. Increase physical activity and daily exercise. c. Enroll in a smoking-cessation program. d. Sustain hyperglycemia to reduce deterioration of nerve cells. e. Maintain optimal blood pressure to prevent kidney damage. 34. A nurse is teaching about self-monitoring to a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "I will check my urine once a day for ketones." b. "I will notify my provider if pre-meal glucose is 120 mg/dL." c. "I will check my blood glucose every 4 hours when I am sick." d. "I will check blood glucose every 5 minutes when lightheaded." 35. A nurse observes mild hand tremors in a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following actions should the nurse take after obtaining a glucose meter reading of 60 mg/dL? a. Administer 15 g of carbohydrates. b. Retest the blood glucose level. c. Administer 1 mg of glucagon IM. d. Administer IV dextrose. 36. A nurse is preparing to administer 10 units of regular insulin and 20 units of NPH insulin to a client who has diabetes mellitus. When mixing the two types of insulin, which of the following actions should the nurse take first? a. Inject 10 units of air into the regular insulin vial. b. Inject 20 units of air into the NPH insulin vial. c. Withdraw 10 units of insulin from the regular insulin vial. d. Replace the needle for withdrawal with a safety needle. 37. A nurse is providing teaching to a female client who has type 2 diabetes and a new prescription for pioglitazone. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.) a. Expect urine to be darkened. b. Monitor weight daily. c. Increase calcium intake. d. Use oral contraceptives to avoid pregnancy. e. Take tablets whole. 38. A nurse is preparing to administer lispro insulin to a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Assess for hypoglycemia 4 hr after the insulin injection. b. Inject the insulin 15 min before a meal. c. Monitor for polyuria. d. Administer with short-acting insulin. 39. A nurse is teaching a client who is taking metformin XR for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? a. “Take the medication with a meal.” b. “You may crush or chew the medication.” c. “This medication may cause an increase in perspiration.” d. “This medication may turn your urine orange.” 40. A client who has Type 2 diabetes mellitus asks the nurse, "Why did I develop diabetes?" Which of the following responses should the nurse make? a. "Your body is destroying the cells that secrete insulin." b. "Your body has insulin resistance and decreased insulin secretion." c. "An infection in your pancreas destroyed the cells that make insulin." d. "Your kidneys are not able to reabsorb water which leads to Type 2 diabetes mellitus." 41. A nurse is teaching a client who has a new diagnosis of Type 1 diabetes mellitus about self-administration of insulin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? a. "Pull back on the plunger after injecting the insulin." b. "Massage the injection site after removing the needle." c. "Store the current bottle of insulin at room temperature." d. "Use each syringe up to six times." 42. A nurse is teaching a client who has diabetes mellitus about the manifestations of hypoglycemia. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "I will feel shaky." b. "I will be more thirsty than usual." c. "My skin will be warm and moist." d. "My appetite will be decreased." 43. A nurse is assessing a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following findings is a manifestation of hypoglycemia? a. Bradycardia b. Cool, clammy skin c. Vomiting d. Fruity odor on the client’s breath 44. A nurse is caring for a client who has uncontrolled type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? a. Hypertension b. Hematuria c. Weight loss d. Bradycardia 45. A nurse is performing a monofilament sensory assessment of a client who has diabetes mellitus. When performing this assessment, for which of the following complications is the nurse monitoring? a. Nephropathy b. Neuropathy c. Radiculopathy d. Retinopathy 46. A nurse is assessing a female client who is at risk for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should identify that which of the following manifestations increases the client's risk for developing type 2 diabetes? a. Abdominal girth 32 inches b. Fasting blood glucose 98 mg/dL c. Triglyceride level 100 mg/dL d. Blood pressure 138/98 mm Hg 47. A nurse is teaching a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus about exercise. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? a. Perform vigorous exercise when blood glucose is less than 100 mg/dL b. Do not exercise if ketones are present in your urine c. Avoid eating for 2 hr before exercise d. Examine your feet weekly 48. A nurse is teaching an older adult client who has diabetes mellitus about preventing the long-term complications of retinopathy and nephropathy. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? a. “Have an eye examination once per year.” b. “Examine your feet carefully every day” c. Wear compression stockings daily” d. Maintain stable blood glucose levels” 49. A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes insipidus and is receiving vasopressin. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as an indication that the medication is effective? 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. a. A decrease in blood sugar b. A decrease in blood pressure c. A decrease in urine output d. A decrease in specific gravity A nurse is caring for a 9-year-old boy who has a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and is eager to return to school and participate in social events. The mother tells the nurse she is afraid to let him take part in physical activities at school. Which of the following responses should the nurse make? a. “Tell me more about how you are feeling about your son’s activities.” b. “You might want to use tutors to home-school him.” c. “I agree. His well-being is the most important.” d. “You sound overprotective. Let’s talk about this some more.” A nurse assessing a client notes that the client has a constant leakage of small amounts of urine and a bladder that is distended and palpable. The nurse should associate these findings with which of the following types of urinary incontinence? a. Stress incontinence b. Urge incontinence c. Overflow incontinence d. Reflex incontinence A nurse is discussing indications for urinary catheterization with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following indications should the nurse include? a. Relief of urinary retention b. Convenience of the nursing staff or the client’s family c. Measurement of residual urine after urination d. Routine acquisition of a urine specimen e. An open perineal wound A nurse is caring for a client who is 1 day postoperative following a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) and has a continuous bladder irrigation in place. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (select all that apply). a. Add the amount of bladder irrigation to the total output. b. Use sterile technique when preparing the irrigation solution c. Ensure the drainage tubing is patent and without obstruction d. Contact the surgeon if the client reports a continual need to void e. Notify the surgeon if the urine is bright red in appearance or has large clots A nurse is assessing an older adult client who reports a sudden onset of urinary incontinence. The nurse should recognize which of the following conditions can cause incontinence in the older adult client? a. Nephrosclerosis b. Uremia c. Diverticulitis d. Cystitis A nurse is teaching a client who has urolithiasis (renal calculi). The nurse should explain that which of the following conditions can increase the risk for renal calculi? a. Protein in the urine b. Dehydration c. Iron deficiency d. obesity A nurse is providing dietary teaching to client who has calcium oxalate kidney stones. Which of the following statements indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. “I can have almonds as a snack” b. “I can use soy milk with my cereal” c. “I may eat a sweet potato for dinner” d. “I may eat a banana with my breakfast” 57. A nurse is planning care for a female client who has a T4 spinal cord injury and is at risk for acquiring urinary tract infections. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the client’s plan of care? a. Cleanse the perineum from back to front b. Obtain a prescription for an indwelling urinary catheter. c. Encourage fluid intake at and between meals d. Offer the client the bedpan every 2 hours 58. A nurse is caring for a client who has undergone a transurethral prostatectomy. Following catheter removal, the nurse should inform the client that he should expect which of the following variations in the color of his urine? a. Pale pink b. Bright yellow c. Bright red d. Dark amber 59. A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has a urinary tract infection (UTI). Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as a risk factor? a. COPD b. Diabetes Mellitus c. Anemia d. Osteoporosis 60. A nurse is caring for a female client who has recurrent kidney stones and is scheduled for an intravenous pyelogram. Which of the following statements by the client should the nurse report to the provider? a. “I drink at least 2 quarts of fluid every day.” b. “The last time I voided it was painful and red-tinged.” c. “My period ended 2 days ago” d. “I don't eat shellfish because it gives me hives” 61. A nurse is assessing a client who is experiencing prostatic hypertrophy. Which of the following findings associated with urinary retention should the nurse expect? SATA a. Report of feeling pressure b. Tenderness over the symphysis pubis c. Distended bladder d. Voiding 30 mL frequently e. Dysuria 62. A nurse is providing teaching to a client about measures to prevent UTI’s. Which of the following client statements indicates a need for further teaching? a. “I will need to wipe my perineal area from back to front after urination.” b. “I will need to empty my bladder regularly and completely” c. “I will need to drink apple cider vinegar each day” d. “I need to drink 8 cups of liquid each day” 63. A nurse is caring for a client who has urinary incontinence. Which of the following actions should the nurse implement to prevent the development of skin breakdown? a. Apply a moisture barrier ointment to the client’s skin b. Clean the client’s skin and perineum with hot water after each episode of incontinence c. Check the client’s skin every 8 hrs for signs of breakdown d. Request a prescription for the insertion of an indwelling urinary catheter. 64. A nurse is teaching a group of nursing students about pyelonephritis. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? a. Pyelonephritis increases a pregnant woman’s risk for preterm labor b. Pyelonephritis is most often caused by Staphylococcus saprophyticus c. Pyelonephritis is an infection of the lower urinary tract d. Pyelonephritis often causes no symptoms in affected clients 65. A nurse is caring for a client who is 5 hr postoperative following a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). The nurse notes that the client’s indwelling urinary catheter has not drained in the past hour. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? a. Notify the provider b. Check the tubing for kinks c. Adjust the rate of the bladder irrigant d. Irrigate the catheter. 66. A nurse on a medical unit is assessing four clients for urinary retention. Which of the following clients have manifestations of urinary retention? a. A client who has an elevated BUN b. A client who reports painful urination c. A client who reports urinary frequency d. A client who has glucose in his urine 67. A nurse removes an indwelling urinary catheter that an older adult client has had in place for 2 days. The nurse should assess the client for which of the following expected outcomes after catheter removal? a. Temporary urinary retention b. Urinary frequency for several days c. Blood-tinged urine d. Highly concentrated urine 68. A nurse is caring for a client who has an indwelling urinary catheter and notes blood-tinged urine in the catheter bag. The nurse recognizes this finding can be a manifestation of which of the following urinary alterations? a. Pernicious anemia b. Dehydration c. Prostate enlargement d. Bladder infection 69. A nurse is caring for a client who has an indwelling urinary catheter. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to prevent infection? a. Replace the catheter every 3 days b. Check the catheter tubing for kinks or twisting c. Irrigate the catheter once each shift d. Clean the perineal area with an antiseptic solution daily 70. A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following a transurethral resection of the prostate. Which of the following complications is the priority for the nurse to monitor for? a. Hemorrhage b. Infection c. Urinary retention d. pain 71. A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has a urinary tract infection (UTI). Which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as a finding specifically associated with this client? a. Urinary retention b. Low back pain c. Incontinence d. Confusion 72. A nurse is caring for a client who has not voided for 8 hr following the removal of an indwelling urinary catheter. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? a. Increase fluids b. Perform a bladder scan c. Insert a straight catheter d. Provide assistance to bathroom 73. A nurse is planning care for a client who has cystitis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan? 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. a. Instruct the client to take antibiotics until dysuria is no longer present b. Instruct the client to avoid drinking carbonated beverages c. Instruct the client to drink 240 mL of tomato juice each day d. Instruct the client to drink 1 L of fluid each day A nurse is caring for a client who has benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer? a. Danazol b. Finasteride c. Fluoxymesterone d. Methyltestosterone A nurse is caring for a client who has benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The nurse should expect which of the following findings? a. Urge incontinence b. Critically elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level c. Difficulty starting the flow of urine d. Painful urination A nurse is evaluating a client’s laboratory results. The nurse should recognize that an increase in the client’s prostate specific antigen (PSA) laboratory value is indicative of which of the following diagnoses? a. Breast cancer b. Colon cancer c. Liver cancer d. Prostatic cancer A nurse is planning care for a client who is 2 hr postoperative following a transurethral resection of the prostate. The client is receiving continuous bladder irrigation. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include? a. Restrict the client’s oral fluid intake b. Remind the client he might feel a constant urge to void c. Monitor the client’s urine output every 6 hours d. Weigh the client every evening A nurse is caring for a client who is 2 hr postoperative following a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) gland. Which of the following assessments should the nurse view to be an indication of a postoperative complication? a. Output of burgundy colored urine b. Pulse rate of 88/min c. Oral temperature of 38.2 degrees celsius (100.76 degrees fahrenheit d. An urge to void despite having an indwelling urinary catheter A nurse is caring for a female client who has recurrent kidney stones and is scheduled for an intravenous pyelogram. Which of the following statements by the client should the nurse report to the provider? a. I drink at least 2 quarts of fluid every day b. The last time I voided it was painful and red-tinged c. My period ended 2 days ago d. I don’t eat shellfish because it gives me hives A nurse is planning care for a client who has urolithiasis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Apply cold compress to the client’s flank area b. Restrict protein intake to 2 servings per day c. Discourage ambulation d. Encourage intake of at least 3 L of fluids per day A nurse is teaching a client who has urolithiasis (renal calculi). The nurse should explain that which of the following conditions can increase the risk of the renal calculi? a. Protein in the urine b. Dehydration c. Iron deficiency d. obesity 82. A nurse is reviewing risk factors for osteoporosis with a group of nursing students. The nurse should include that which of the following types of medication therapy is a risk factor for osteoporosis? a. Thyroid hormones b. Anticoagulants c. NSAIDs d. Cardiac glycosides 83. A nurse is teaching a client about medications that prevent osteoporosis. The nurse should instruct the client that which of the following medications is prescribed to prevent osteoporosis? a. Levothyroxine b. Calcitonin c. Raloxifene d. Allopurinol 84. A nurse is talking with a young adult client who has a family history of osteoporosis. Which health promotion activity should the nurse recommend as a possible preventive measure? a. Increase sodium intake b. Have a bone-density scan each year c. Engage in weight-bearing exercise regularly d. Drink a cup of coffee each morning 85. A nurse is teaching a client about preventing osteoporosis. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching? a. I will reduce my intake of sodium b. I will decrease my intake of caffeine c. I will limit my intake of soft drinks d. I will reduce my intake of vitamin K-rich foods 86. A nurse is talking to a client who is taking a calcium supplement for osteoporosis. The client tells the nurse she is experiencing flank pain. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse suspect? a. Hepatitis b. Peptic ulcer fracture c. Renal stones d. Pancreatitis 87. A nurse is caring for a client who has a history of dementia. The client is alert and oriented to person, place, and time, and has advance directives. The client is scheduled for a procedure that requires informed consent. Which of the following persons should sign the informed consent? a. The client's partner b. The client c. The client's daughter, who is the primary caregiver d. The clients son, who has a durable power of attorney 88. A nurse is assessing a client who has developed atelectasis postoperatively. Which of the following dinings should the nurse expect? a. Facial flushing b. Increasing dyspnea c. Decreasing respiratory rate d. Friction rub 89. A nurse is assessing a client who will undergo abdominal surgery in 2 hr. The client reports being nervous about the surgery, last had food and fluids at 2330 the previous evening, and signed the surgical consent 2 days ago. Which of the following is an appropriate nursing action regarding these findings? a. Call the anesthesiologist to sedate the client b. Notify the surgeon of the client’s food and fluid consumption c. Witness the surgical consent d. Document the findings in the client's medical record 90. A nurse in a PACU is admitting a client who is postoperative following a tonsillectomy. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take to prevent aspiration? a. Place a bedside humidifier at the head of the client's bed b. Suction the nasopharynx as needed c. Withhold fluids until the client demonstrates a gag reflex d. Perform chest physiotherapy 91. A nurse is preparing to witness informed consent for a client who is preoperative. The client asks the nurse, “Are there other options besides surgery?” Which of the following responses should the nurse make? a. It is time to sign the consent so your treatment can begin b. I would not have this type of surgery if I were you c. Have you discussed other treatments with your provider d. I can inform the surgeon you do not want the surgery 92. A nurse is caring for a client 1 day postoperative who has developed atelectasis. Which of the following manifestations is an expected finding for this condition? a. Apnea b. Dysphagia c. Hypoxemia d. Pleural effusion 93. A nurse is providing preoperative teaching by demonstrating diaphragmatic breathing to a client who is scheduled for surgery in the morning. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the demonstration? a. Place her hands on the sides of her rib cage b. Inhale slowly and evenly through her nose c. Hold her breath for at least 10 seconds d. Exhale forcefully through the nose 94. A nurse in a provider’s office is reviewing the laboratory findings for a client who is scheduled for surgery. Which of the following findings requires follow up by the nurse? a. BUN 15 mg/dL b. Platelet count 60,000/mm c. WBC 6,000/mm d. Hemoglobin 14 g/dL 95. A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has just returned from PACU after receiving a spinal anesthetic during knee surgery. For which of the following findings should the nurse notify the provider? a. Pulse oximetry changed from 98% to 96% b. Client reports knee pain, changed from 4/10 to 6/10 c. Systolic blood pressure changed from 140 mm Hg to 120 mm Hg d. Temperature changed from 99 degrees to 99.5 degrees 96. A nurse is caring for a client who just returned from the PACU with an IV fluid infusion and an NG tube in place following abdominal surgery. Which of the following data is the priority for the nurse to assess? a. The coping ability of the client b. The client's bowel sounds 24 to 48 c. The surgical dressing d. The patency of the NG tube 97. A nurse is admitting a client to the surgical unit from the PACU following a cholecystectomy. Which of the following assessments is the nurse’s priority? a. Bowel sounds b. Surgical dressing c. Temperature d. Oxygen saturation 98. A nurse is admitting a client who is arriving back to the unit from the PACU following hip arthroplasty. Which of the following tasks should the nurse assign to the assistive personnel (AP)? a. Obtain initial vital signs b. Determine if the client is in need of pain medication c. Record the amount of urine in the catheter drainage bag d. Instruct the client on the use of the incentive spirometer 99. A nurse is completing discharge teaching to a client about nutrition therapy for wound healing following major surgery. Which of the following vitamins that promote wound healing should the nurse include in the teaching? SATA a. Vitamin A b. Vitamin B12 c. Vitamin C d. Vitamin D e. Vitamin K 100. A nurse is assessing a client who is being admitted from the PACU following an abdominal hysterectomy. Which of the following assessments is the nurse’s priority? a. Oxygen saturation b. Abdominal dressing c. Urinary output d. pain level 101. A nurse in a PACU is assessing a client who has a newly created colostomy. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? a. Stoma oozing red drainage b. Shiny, moist stoma c. Purplish-colored stoma d. Rosebud-like stoma orifice 102. A nurse is caring for a client whose informed consent form has been signed in preparation for a procedure. The client states, “I have decided not to have the procedure” Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Discuss alternatives to the procedure b. Explain why this procedure is necessary c. Inform the provider that the client is withdrawing consent d. Remind the client the consent form has already has been signed. 103. A nurse is assessing a client who is 3 days postoperative following abdominal surgery and notes the absence of bowel sounds, abdominal distention, and the client passing no flatus. Which of the following conditions should the nurse suspect? a. Ulcerative colitis b. Cholecystitis c. Paralytic ileus d. Wound dehiscence 104. A nurse has completed an informed consent form with a client. The client then states, “I have changed my mind and do not want to have the procedure done.” Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Remind the client that a signed informed consent form is a legally binding document b. Notify the surgeon that the client wishes to withdraw informed consent for the procedure c. Inform the surgical team to cancel the client’s surgery d. Proceed with preparation of the patient for the surgical procedure 105. A nurse is caring for a client who has just returned from the PACU after a traditional cholecystectomy. In which of the following positions should the nurse place the client? a. Prone b. Semi-Fowlers c. Supported Sims d. Dorsal recumbent 106. A nurse is planning care for a client who is postoperative and at risk for paralytic ileus. Which of the following interventions should the nurse plan to take to promote peristalsis? a. Increase ambulation b. Decrease fluid intake c. Increase protein intake d. Offer the client the bedpan every 2 hours. 107. A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled to have surgery. In preparing the client for surgery, which of the following actions is considered outside the nurse’s responsibilities? a. Assessing the current health status of the client b. Explaining the operative procedure, risks, and benefits c. Reviewing preoperative laboratory test results d. Ensuring that a signed surgical consent form was completed 108. A nurse is caring for a client who expresses anxiety about his impending surgery. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Explore the client's feelings b. Discuss the competency of the surgeon. c. Review another client’s similar surgical experience d. Talk with the clients partner 109. A nurse is reviewing the providers prescriptions for a client experiencing a paralytic ileus following an appendectomy. Which of the following actions should the nurse expect to take? a. Administer an antacid b. Provide a bulk-forming agent c. Insert nasogastric tube d. Apply a truss 110. A nurse in the medical-surgical unit is assigning client care to a nurse who is floating from the PACU. The nurse should recognize that the float nurse is most qualified to care for which of the following clients? a. A client who is postoperative following a lobectomy and has a chest tube b. A client who is being discharged to a long-term care facility c. A client who needs teaching about insulin self-administration d. A client who needs teaching prior to initiating cardiac rehabilitation activities