Chem Protein Synthesis Practice Quiz

“DNA & Protein Synthesis Practice Quiz” 1. Explain the function of a gene. 2. Describe or diagram the structure of DNA. Include the following components or terms.  Sugar (Deoxyribose)  Double Helix or Twisted Ladder  Base (Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine,  Nucleotide Thymine)  Phosphate  Base Pairing 3. Compare and contrast DNA and RNA. 4. Diagram or describe the process of DNA replication. Include the role of the enzyme DNA polymerase in the response. 5. Compare and contrast transcription and DNA replication. 6. Create a description or illustration of protein synthesis using the following words.  Transcription  Codon  Translation  Anticodon  Gene  Base Pairing  mRNA  DNA Helicase  tRNA  RNA Polymerase 7. Transcribe and translate the following gene into mRNA and a protein. Label each molecule. TAC CGA ATG GGG CCC GTA ATC 8. Define each type of genetic mutation (insertion, deletion, substitution, and frameshift) below and give an example of the mutation assuming the gene above shows the original base sequence. 9. Create a key for the diagram of DNA to the right.  P=  S=  X=  C-G and A-T =     A= T= C= G= 10. How may a mutation in a gene affect the proteins’ amino acid sequence, shape and function? 11. Label the diagram of protein synthesis to the right with the words: tRNA, mRNA, gene, ribosome, amino acid, protein, codon, anticodon. 12. The bases of DNA are held together by hydrogen bonds, predict how the energy requirements of protein synthesis or DNA replication would change if the bases were held together by covalent bonds. 13. Exons are portions of DNA that code to make a protein, introns are non-coding portions of DNA that are not translated into proteins. In the event of a genetic mutation, explain the advantage of a cell containing noncoding DNA. 14. Give an example of a disease related to a genetic mutation. In addition describe the symptoms or consequences of the disease.