Study guide for Vocabulary Quiz: EUROPE

GEOG 101 Study guide for Vocabulary Quiz: EUROPE Terms: 1. Industrial Revolution - a rapid major change in an economy marked by the general introduction of power-driven machinery or by an important change in the prevailing types and methods of use of such machines 2. European Union - a political and economic alliance of 27 countries. The EU promotes democratic values in its member nations and is one of the world's most powerful trade blocs 3. Balkanization - division of a multinational state into smaller ethnically homogeneous entities. The term also is used to refer to ethnic conflict within multiethnic states 4. Exclave - a portion of a state or district geographically separated from the main part by surrounding alien territory (of one or more states or districts etc) 5. Irredentism - The process by which a part of an existing state breaks away and merges with another, whereas in secession merging does not take place 6. Buffer Zone - a neutral zonal area that lies between two or more bodies of land, usually pertaining to countries 7. Continental Climate - a climate characterized by hot summers, cold winters, and little rainfall, typical of the interior of a continent. 8. Maritime Climate - climate-controlled by nearby masses of water such as oceans and large lakes. The climates tend to be milder throughout the year with a smaller temperature swing than continental climates 9. Mediterranean Climate - a climate that has dry summers that are mild to hot as well as winters that are mild to cool with moderate or high rainfall. 10. Schengen Agreement - a treaty creating Europe's Schengen Area, which encompasses 27 European countries, where internal border checks have largely been abolished for short-term tourism, business trips, or transit to non-Schengen destinations 11. Fjords - a long, deep, narrow body of water that reaches far inland. Fjords are often set in a U-shaped valley with steep walls of rock on either side. 12. European Organization - a unique partnership between 27 European countries, known as Member States, or EU countries. Together they cover much of the European continent. The EU is home to around 447 million people, which is around 6 % of the world's population. Citizens of the EU countries are also EU citizens. 13. Cold War - is a state of conflict between nations that does not involve direct military action but is pursued primarily through economic and political actions, propaganda, acts of espionage or proxy wars waged by surrogates. This term is most commonly used to refer to the American-Soviet Cold War of 1947–1991. 14. Iron Curtain - specifically refers to the imaginary line dividing Europe between Soviet influence and Western influence, and symbolizes efforts by the Soviet Union to block itself and its satellite states from open contact with the West and non-Soviet-controlled areas. includes Poland, Estearn Germany, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Yugoslavia, Romania, Bulgaria, Albania and the Soviet Union