When the North End of Earth’s Axis is Tilted Toward the Sun, North America will Experience

Name __________________________________ Clark Science Period ________ Date _____________ TEST Review Q2 #1 (33 pts.) 1. Day and night are caused by Earth’s rotation on its axis. 2. The stars appear to go around the North Star because the Earth is on an axis. 3. An ellipse is an oval shape, which may be elongated or nearly circular. 4. An equinox occurs when neither end of Earth’s axis is tilted toward or away from the sun. 5. Earth has seasons because its axis is tilted as it moves around the sun. 6. When the north end of Earth’s axis is tilted toward the sun, North America will experience more direct rays and longer days. 7. Generally, the Earth is warmer at the equator than it is at the poles because the sunlight at the equator hits the Earth’s surface more directly than it does at the poles. 8. The two factors that combine to keep Earth and the moon in their orbits are gravity and inertia. 9. Gravity is constantly pulling objects together, but inertia keeps the moon in orbit around the Earth. 10. The strength of the force of gravity depends on the masses of the objects and the distance between them. 11. A lunar eclipse occurs during a full moon. 12. The phase of the moon you see depends on how much of the sunlit side of the moon faces Earth. 13. Fifty percent of the moon is always lit. 14. The amount of the lighted side of the moon you can see is the same during first quarter and third quarter phase. 15. There is not an eclipse every month because the orbit of the moon is tilted by about 5 degrees with respect to the Earth’s orbit. 16. For a solar eclipse to occur, the moon must be directly between Earth and the sun. 17. The tidal bulge on the far side of the Earth, away from the gravitational pull of the moon is caused by inertial force. 18. Spring tides occur when the sun’s pull is in the same direction (straight) as the moon’s pull. 19. Tides are caused by the interaction of Earth, the moon, and the sun. 20. Neap tides occur when the sun’s pull is at right angles to the moon’s 21. The fact that each planet’s orbit is an ellipse was discovered by Kepler. 22. Copernicus explained that the sun is at the center of the system of planets. 23. In a heliocentric system, Earth revolves around the sun. 24. A star is born when nuclear fusion starts. 25. The lifetime of a star depends on its mass. 26. A supernova is the explosion of a dying high-mass star. 27. The Milky Way galaxy is an example of a(n) spiral galaxy. 28. The force that tends to pull together the matter in stars is gravity. 29. The sun produces energy by nuclear fusion. 30. - 33. Phases of the moon practice drawings on the back.