NR 228 Exam 2 - Practice Test Answer Key Solutions

NR 228 Exam 2 - Practice Test 110+ (Latest 2025-2026 Edition) 100% Verified Q&A + Answer Key Solutions VERIFIED ANSWERS Question 1 Pantothenic acid is required for a. absorption of amino acids. b. conduction of nerve impulses. c. regulation of body temperature. d. metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and protein. Correct Answer d. metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and protein. Question 2 Foods with highest amount of thiamine? egg pear, whole wheat flour brussels Correct Answer Whole or enriched grains contain 0.981 mg thiamine, which is the highest level of thiamine Question 3 What should be included in a talk about indicators of nutritional risk among adolescents? Select all that apply. Skipping more than three meals a week Eating fast food once weekly Hearty Appetite Eating without family supervision frequently Freq skipping breakfast Correct Answer Skipping more than three meals a week Eating without family supervision frequently Freq skipping breakfast Question 4 A nurse is teaching about low-FODMAP for a client with IBS. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid what foods? Bananas Carrots Raisins Spinach Correct Answer Raisins A low-FODMAP diet limits the intake of foods that contain high amounts of fructose and other short-chain carbohydrates, which have been found to decrease the incidence and severity of symptoms in clients who have IBS. Dried fruits, such as raisins, have an increased amount of fructose, which can increase the severity and incidence of symptoms in clients who have IBS. Question 5 Which patient is considered obese? Body fat 22% BMI 28 Waist circumference of 81.3 cm (32 in) A client who weighs 28% above ideal body weight Correct Answer A client who weighs 28% above ideal body weight For a female client, obesity is classified as a weight 20% greater than ideal weight. A client whose weight is 28% above ideal body weight is classified as obese. Question 6 What foods should a patient avoid on a low potassium diet? Butter Poultry Yogurt Frozen vegetables OJ Correct Answer OJ and Yogurt Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 2 of 32 Question 7 Nurse is caring for a patient on a mechanically altered diet. Which food choices necessitate intervention? Scrambled eggs Cottage cheese Wheat toast Sliced banana Correct Answer Wheat toast Clients receiving a mechanically altered diet have limited chewing ability and should only receive pureed breads. Question 8 Nurse is planning care for a client who has acute dysphagia. Which of the following nursing interventions should be included in the plan of care? Provide a straw for liquids Encouraging larger bites Semi-fowlers position Tilt head forward when swallowing The client should be instructed to tilt the head forward to facilitate swallowing. Correct Answer Tilt head forward when swallowing The client should be instructed to tilt the head forward to facilitate swallowing. Question 9 For a colostomy patient, which statement indicates the client understands the dietary teaching? Eating yogurt can help decrease the amount of gas I have I should eliminate pasta from my diet, so I don't have as many loose stools My largest meal of the day should be in the evening Carbonated beverages can help control odor Correct Answer The client who has a colostomy can include yogurt into his diet to help reduce odors and intestinal gas Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 3 of 32 Question 10 Nurse is teaching patient about Mediterranean diet to a client with hypertension. Which statement indicates the need for further teaching? I will limit my intake of red meat to twice a week I can have dairy in moderate portions daily I can have fish twice a week I can drink wine in moderation Correct Answer I will limit my intake of red meat to twice a week Following the Mediterranean diet, red meat should be limited to twice a month. client should have dairy in moderate portions daily to weekly. intake of fish and seafood is at least two times per week drinking wine is acceptable in moderation. Question 11 A patient has acute pancreatitis and has a prescription for fat-soluble vitamin supplements. The nurse should instruct the client to take a supplement for which of the following? Vitamin A Vitamin C Vitamin B1 Vitamin B12 Correct Answer Vitamin A The nurse should instruct the client that fat-soluble vitamins include vitamins A, D, E, and K. Question 12 Which is a good source of omega-3 fatty acids that the nurse should include in the teaching? Fish Corn oil Dietary supplements Leafy green vegetables Correct Answer Fish is an excellent source of omega-3 fatty acids. Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 4 of 32 Question 13 A nurse providing teaching to parents of a newborn who are planning to formula feed. Which statement by a parent indicates the need for further teaching? I will give formula to the baby at room temperature I will ensure my baby's feedings last 10-15 mins I will burp my baby halfway through each feeding I will watch for signs my baby is full and stop the feeding Correct Answer I will ensure my baby's feedings last 10-15 mins This statement by a parent indicates a need for further teaching. Feedings should last 20 to 30 minutes. Question 14 A nurse is teaching a client about a low-cholesterol diet after a coronary artery bypass grafting. Which of the client's food choices reflects the clients understanding of these dietary instructions? Liver Milk Beans Eggs Any food that does not contain animal products does not contain cholesterol. Beans are a good source of protein for a client who follows a low-cholesterol diet. Correct Answer Beans Any food that does not contain animal products does not contain cholesterol. Beans are a good source of protein for a client who follows a low-cholesterol diet. Question 15 A nurse is talking to patient who is taking chemo and losing weight. Which of the following should the nurse recommend to increase calorie and protein intake? Top fruits with yogurt Add cream to soups Use milk instead of water in recipes Increase fluids during meals Dip meats in eggs and bread crumbs before cooking Correct Answer Top fruits with yogurt Add cream to soups Use milk instead of water in recipes Dip meats in eggs and bread crumbs before cooking Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 5 of 32 Question 16 A nurse is at a health fair assessing the weight status of four clients. Which of the following clients are classified as overweight? Female client who has a body mass index of 24 Male client with body mass index of 29 A female client who has a waist circumference of 40in A male who has a waist circumference of 38 in Correct Answer Male client with body mass index of 29 A client who has a BMI of 25 to 29.9 is classified as overweight. Question 17 A client has gastroesophageal reflux disease. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse include in his teaching? Limit fluid intake not related to meals Chew on mint leaves Avoid eating within three hours of bedtime Season foods with black pepper Correct Answer Avoid eating within three hours of bedtime The nurse should instruct the client to eat small, frequent meals but to avoid eating with 3 hr of bedtime. Question 18 A nurse is teaching a client about appropriate snacks on a low-fat, low-sodium, and low-cholesterol diet. Which of the following food choices by the client indicates the need for further teaching? A slice of cheese A jam sandwich A cup of plain popcorn A small container of applesauce Correct Answer A slice of cheese The client should limit the intake of cheese due to high levels of fat and sodium. Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 6 of 32 Question 19 A nurse is providing care for a client who is 2 days postoperative following abdominal surgery and is about to progress from a clear liquid diet to full liquids. Which of the following items should the nurse tell the client he may now request on his meal tray? Cranberry juice Flavored gelatin Skim milk Chicken broth Correct Answer Full liquids include milk and milk products, so the client may now ask for skim milk. Clients on a clear liquid diet can already have flavored gelatin, cranberry juice, and chicken broth. Question 20 A nurse teaches a client about the nutritional requirements necessary to promote wound healing. Which of the following nutrients should the nurse include in the teaching? Protein Calcium Vitamin B1 Vitamin D Correct Answer Protein Protein is the major structural and functional component of every cell. It is required in increased amounts during times when the body needs to heal itself and protein will promote wound healing. Calcium is a nutrient that functions in the formation and maintenance of bone and teeth. It does not promote wound healing. Vitamin B1 is a nutrient that functions to promote normal appetite and nervous system functioning. It does not promote wound healing. Vitamin D is a nutrient that helps to maintain serum calcium levels. It does not promote wound healing. Question 21 A nurse conducts a nutritional assessment for a client weighing 75kg (165 lbs). The nurse should calculate that the client's recommended dietary allowance for protein is how much per day. Round to the nearest whole number. Correct Answer 60grams The RDA for protein is 0.8 mg/kg. To calculate the client's RDA for protein, the nurse would first determine the client's weight in kg, and then multiply by 0.8 mg/kg.165 lb/X kg = 2.2 lb/1 kgX = 75 kg75 kg x 0.8 mg = 60 g Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 7 of 32 Question 22 A nurse is teaching a postpartum client who has been diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia. What dietary recommendations should the nurse include in the teaching plan? Yogurt and mozzarella Spinach and beef Milk and turkey slices Fish and cottage cheese Correct Answer Spinach and beef are high in iron and would be recommended for this client. Question 23 A nurse is providing teaching to a group of adult athletes about preventing the effects of dehydration on the body. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse include in the teaching? Impaired motor control Drop in body temperature during exercise Increase in appetite Decreased resting heartrate Correct Answer Impaired motor control is a clinical manifestation of dehydration. Question 24 A nurse is planning teaching for the parents of a toddler who follows a vegetarian diet. The nurse should plan to include which of the following foods as the best source of dietary protein for the child? Soy milk Peanut butter Dried beans Whole grains Correct Answer Soy products are a source of complete protein and should be included as the best source of dietary protein for the child. Question 25 A nurse is assessing a client who has malnutrition. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? Increased vital capacity Moist skin Heat intolerance Decreased mental status Correct Answer Decreased mental status -Lethargy and depression are manifestation of malnutrition. The brain requires glucose to function. When the body lacks adequate glucose, the body will metabolize ue such as muscle and fat. The resulting metabolic acidosis can further decrease the client's mental status. Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 8 of 32 Question 26 A nurse is developing an education program for a community group about dietary intake of vitamins and minerals in the diet. The nurse should include which of the following foods as sources of vitamin C? Select all that apply. Green pepper Orange Cabbage Strawberries Milk Correct Answer Green pepper Orange Cabbage Strawberries Question 27 A nurse is teaching a client who has constipation about a high-fiber diet. Which of the following foods should be included as sources of fiber? Select all that apply. Kidney beans Blackberries Refined cereals Whole wheat bread Lean turkey Correct Answer Kidney beans Blackberries Whole wheat bread Question 28 A nurse is reinforcing teaching about food choices with the mother of an 8-month infant. Which of the following statements by the mother indicate a need for further teaching? I will give my child strained carrots and mashed egg yolks I will give my child rice cereal and crackers I will give my child pureed liver and strained pears I will give my child applesauce and green peas Correct Answer I will give my child strained carrots and mashed egg yolks It is acceptable to introduce strained, mashed, or pureed foods from the ages of 6 months to 1 year. Eggs and cheese products should not be introduced during the first year. New foods should be introduced in small amounts, such as 1 tsp, to detect an allergy. Eggs are a common food for allergies and can cause a severe allergic reaction in an infant resulting in constriction of the airway. Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 9 of 32 Question 29 A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has frequent kidney stones. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? Limit your intake of dairy products Increase the amount of protein in your diet Avoid eating tree nuts, such as almonds Take vitamin C supplement twice daily Correct Answer Avoid eating tree nuts, such as almonds Question 30 A nurse is providing teaching to the parent of a toddler about appropriate snacks. Which of the following foods should the nurse include? Sliced bananas Raw celery Peanut butter Grapes Correct Answer Sliced bananas Question 31 A nurse is instructing a group of clients regarding calcium-rich foods. Which foods should the nurse include in the teaching as the best source of calcium? ½ cup of calcium 1 oz of Swiss cheese I cup of cottage cheese I cup milk Correct Answer I cup milk Of the four choices, milk contains the most calcium per serving. Milk contains 276 mg of calcium per one-cup serving. Question 32 A nurse is instructing a group of clients about nutrition. The nurse should include which of the following is a trigger for the formation of Vitamin D in the body? Calcium Vitamin A depletion Exposure to sunlight Weight-bearing exercise Correct Answer Exposure to sunlight triggers the formation of vitamin D in the body. Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 10 of 32 Question 33 A nurse is instructing a group of clients about nutrition. The nurse should include that which of the following foods is a good source of high-quality protein? Soybeans Grains Legumes Green vegetables Correct Answer Soybeans The nurse should instruct that soybeans and soybean products are high-quality, or complete, sources of proteins. Complete proteins contain all nine essential amino acids required for growth and maintenance of the body. Question 34 A nurse is caring for a client with a new prescription for a low-sodium diet. The client's family has requested to bring in some of the client's favorite foods. Which food items should the nurse tell the family members to omit? Boiled rice Flatbread Broiled fish fillet Pickled vegetables Correct Answer Due to the pickling brine, pickled vegetables are high in sodium. The family should not bring this food item to the client. Question 35 A nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client with chronic constipation secondary to irregular bowel habits. Which of the following should the nurse plan to include in the teaching? The clients should drink two to three 8 oz glasses of water a day The client should follow a high-fiber diet to establish bowel regularity The client should try to take in all the required dietary fiber with the morning meal The client should be taught that the goal of therapy is to have a bowel movement daily. Correct Answer The client with chronic constipation should consume a diet with high-fiber food sources, including bran and complex carbohydrates. Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 11 of 32 Question 36 A nurse is conducting nutritional counseling with a client who is in her second trimester of pregnancy. The nurse should recommend the client increase her caloric intake by how many calories during this first trimester? 110 cal/day 225 cal/day 340 cal/day 450 cal/day Correct Answer 340 Question 37 A nurse is educating a group of older adults in a community center on weight management using the BMI scale. Using the client's height and weight to calculate BMI, which of the following clients has a healthy BMI? A client weighs 128 lbs and is 70 in tall A client weighs 150 lbs and is 68 in tall A client weighs 200 lbs and is 72 in tall A client weighs 133 lbs and is 60 in Correct Answer A client weighs 150 lbs and is 68 in tall The formula for calculating BMI is weight in kilograms divided by the height in meters squared. The formula to convert pounds to kilograms is to divide the weight in pounds by 2.2 kilograms. The formula for converting inches to meters is to multiply the total inches times 0.0254 meters. 150 pounds divided by 2.2 equals 68.18 kilograms. 68 inches multiplied times 0.0254 inches equals 1.7272 meters. 1.7272 meters (squared) is 2.983 meters. 68.18 kilograms divided by 2.983 meters equals a BMI of 22.85. A BMI of 18.5-24.9 is considered a healthy weight. Question 38 A nurse is teaching a client at risk for iron deficiency anemia about optimizing her dietary intake of iron. The nurse should explain which of the following sources of iron is easiest for the body to absorb? Spinach Cantaloupe Chicken Lentils Correct Answer Chicken Food sources of iron fall into two categories - heme iron (from lean red meat, poultry, and fish) and nonheme iron (from fruit, vegetables, grains, and dried peas and beans). The body more easily absorbs heme iron. Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 12 of 32 Question 39 A nurse is teaching a group of older adults about sources of complete and incomplete protein. Which of the following foods should the nurse include as a complete protein? Yogurt Fresh vegetables Nuts Dried Beans Correct Answer Yogurt Question 40 A nurse is providing dietary teaching to the parents of a newborn who is being breastfed. The nurse should instruct the transition to whole milk can occur at which of the following ages? 6 months 8 months 10 months 12 months Correct Answer 12 months Question 41 A nurse is caring for a client who has a large lower-leg ulcer. Which foods should the nurse suggest to the client to provide the most protein for wound healing? A. kidney beans B. grilled salmon C. peanut butter D. raw spinach Correct Answer B. grilled salmon Poultry, fish, eggs, and beef are complete proteins and optimal protein sources to support wound healing. Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 13 of 32 Question 42 A nurse is instructing a group of clients about nutrition and eating foods high in iron. The nurse should include which of the following aids in the absorption of iron? Tomato juice Tea Milk Dry beans Correct Answer Tomato juice Food sources rich in Vitamin C enhance nonheme iron absorption. Tomato products contain vitamin C; therefore, tomato juice is appropriate to include as a food that that enhances iron absorption when consumed with nonheme iron. Question 43 A nurse is instructing the mother of a toddler with iron-deficiency anemia to increase the iron in the child's diet in addition to the prescribed iron supplement. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend? Skim milk Bananas Tuna fish Cucumbers Correct Answer Tuna Fish Good sources of iron that are more readily absorbed than plant sources include seafood, meat, and eggs. Question 44 A nurse is caring for an antepartum client who has iron-deficiency anemia. When teaching the client about nutrition, the nurse emphasizes the need for an increased intake of which of the following foods? A. milk and cheese B. red meat and organs C. fresh fruits D. whole grain breads Correct Answer B. red meat and organs Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 14 of 32 Question 45 A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is pregnant and is vegan. The nurse should instruct the client that which of the following foods is a reliable source of B12? A. tempeh B. algae C. sea vegetables D. sunflower margarine Correct Answer Sunflower margarine is fortified with vitamin B12 and is a reliable source of vitamin B12. Question 46 A nurse is instructing a group of clients regarding nutrition and eating foods high in iron. The nurse's teaching should state that which of the following aids in the absorption of iron? A. Fiber B. Vitamin A C. Vitamin C D. acidophilus Correct Answer C. Vitamin C Question 47 A nurse is providing teaching to the parent of an infant about the introduction of solid foods. The nurse should recommend that which of the following foods be introduced first? A. strained fruits B. pureed meats C. cooked egg whites D. iron fortified cereal Correct Answer D. iron-fortified cereal Question 48 A nurse provides dietary teaching to a client with calcium oxalate kidney stones. Which of the following statements indicated an understanding of the teaching? A.I can have almonds as a snack B. I can use soy milk with my cereal C. I may eat sweet potato for dinner D. I may eat a banana with my breakfast Correct Answer D. I may eat a banana with my breakfast Excessive dietary intake of oxalate can increase the risk of calcium oxalate stone. Bananas are not high in oxalate. Therefore, this food choice indicates an understanding of teaching. Almonds, soy milk and sweet potatoes are all high in oxalate. Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 15 of 32 Question 49 A nurse is caring for a well-hydrated client who demonstrates no evidence of anemia. Which of the following laboratory values gives the nurse an assessment of the adequacy of the client's protein uptake and synthesis? A. albumin B. calcium C. sodium D. potassium Correct Answer Albumin levels reflect the overall body protein status and is used to detect metabolic and liver dysfunction. Question 50 A client with chronic lymphocytic leukemia is starting chemotherapy treatments and asks if she needs to make any dietary changes. Which of the following statements should the nurse make? You should avoid drinking liquids an hour before the treatments Eating low-calorie foods helps prevent nausea Foods that are higher in fat are usually more appealing Raw fruits and vegetables will be easier for your body to digest Correct Answer Clients should be encouraged to decrease fluid intake before treatments because fluids may cause nausea and vomiting. Question 51 A nurse is caring for a client following a CVA and observes the client experiencing sever dysphagia. The nurse notifies the provider. Which of the following nutritional therapies will likely be prescribed? NPO until dysphagia subsides Supplements vis nasogastric tube Initiation of total parenteral nutrition Soft residue diet Correct Answer Supplements via nasogastric tube provide enteral nutrition for clients who are at risk for aspiration caused by a diminished gag reflex or difficulty swallowing. This nutritional therapy will likely be prescribed. Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 16 of 32 Question 52 A nurse is teaching a client with diabetes about which dietary source should provide the greatest percentage of calories. Which of the following statements indicates the client understands the teaching? Most of my calories per day should be from fats I should eat more calories from complex carbs than anything else Simple sugars are needed more than other calorie sources Protein should be my main source of calories Correct Answer I should eat more calories from complex carbs than anything else Only 10% to 35% of total calories from protein sources Question 53 Newborn feeding skills in order Correct Answer -the infant pushes solid objects from the mouth. -Around the age of 4 months the infant is able to drink from a cup that is held by another person. - 8 months of age the infant experiments with spoon -starting at 10 to 12 months of age the infant begins eating soft, cooked food Question 54 A nurse provides nutritional teaching to a client with dumping syndrome following a hemicolectomy. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the client to avoid? Rice Poached eggs Fresh apples White bread Correct Answer White bread Clients with dumping syndrome following a hemi-colectomy should avoid fresh fruits and choose canned or wellcooked fruits instead. Clients with dumping syndrome following a hemi-colectomy should include high-protein, high-fat, low- to moderate-carbohydrate, and low-fiber foods. White bread is low in fiber and provides carbohydrates. Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 17 of 32 Question 55 A client is recovering from a gastric resection for peptic ulcer disease. Which outcome indicates that the goal of adequate nutritional intake is being achieved 3 weeks following surgery? The client: 1. drinks 2,000 mL/day of water. 2. experiences occasional episodes of nausea and vomiting. 3. experiences a rapid weight gain within 1 week. 4. increases food intake and tolerance gradually. Correct Answer 4. increases food intake and tolerance gradually. Weight gain will be slow and gradual because less food can be eaten at one time due to the decreased stomach size. More food and fluid will be tolerated as edema at the suture line decreases and healing progresses. The remaining stomach may stretch over time to accommodate more food. Nausea and vomiting can interfere with nutritional intake. Water provides hydration, but not calories and nutrients. Rapid weight gain may be due to fluid retention and would not reflect adequate nutrition. Question 56 During preparation for bowel surgery, a client receives an antibiotic to reduce intestinal bacteria. The nurse knows that hypoprothrombinemia may occur as a result of antibiotic therapy interfering with synthesis of which vitamin? Correct Answer Vitamin K Question 57 A nurse is teaching parents about the nutritional needs of their full-term infant, age 2 months, who's breast-feeding. Which response shows that the parents understand their infant's dietary needs? A.We won't start any new foods now." B."We'll start the baby on skim milk." C."We'll introduce cereal into the diet now." D."We should add new fruits to the diet one at a time." Correct Answer A.We won't start any new foods now." Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 18 of 32 Question 58 A school-age child loses their appetite secondary to side effects of chemotherapy. What will the nurse teach the parents about nutritional choices for the child? w A. "Plan large family meals so your child can eat with others." B. "To increase the appetite, withhold fluids when offering food." C. "Reward your child for eating with an enjoyable activity." D. "Let your child eat any foods that appeal to them right now." Correct Answer D. "Let your child eat any foods that appeal to them right now." Question 59 A bottle-fed infant, age 3 months, is brought to the pediatrician's office for a well-child visit. During the previous visit, the nurse taught the parent about infant nutritional needs. Which statement by the parent during the current visit indicates effective teaching? A."I started the baby on cereals and fruits because the baby wasn't sleeping through the night." B."I started putting cereal in the bottle with formula because the baby kept spitting it out." C. "I'm giving the baby iron-fortified formula and a fluoride supplement because our water isn't fluoridated." D. "I'm giving the baby skim milk because the baby was getting so chubby." Correct Answer C. "I'm giving the baby iron-fortified formula and a fluoride supplement because our water isn't fluoridated." Question 60 A client with alcohol dependency is prescribed a B-complex vitamin. The client states, "Why do I need a vitamin? My appetite is just fine." Which of the following responses by the nurse is most appropriate? A."Your doctor wants you to take it for at least 4 months." B."You've been drinking alcohol and eating very little." C. "The vitamin is a nutritional supplement important to your health." D."The amount of vitamins in the alcohol you drink is very low." Correct Answer C. "The vitamin is a nutritional supplement important to your health." Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 19 of 32 Question 61 The nurse is assessing a client's nutritional status before surgery. Which observation would indicate poor nutrition in a 5-foot 7-inch (170 cm) female client who is 21 years of age? A.poor posture B.brittle nails C.dull expression D.weight of 128 lb (58.1 kg) Correct Answer B. brittle nails Question 62 A client has impaired skin integrity related to compromised circulation. What should the nurse include in the teaching plan regarding nutritional considerations? A. adequate intake of vitamins A and C, protein, and zinc B. adherence to a diet that helps with weight reduction C. supplementation of diet with vitamins and antioxidants D. elimination of carbohydrates and fats from the diet Correct Answer adequate intake of vitamins A and C, protein, and zinc Question 63 A nurse is providing care for a pregnant 16-year-old client. The client says that she is concerned she may gain too much weight and wants to start dieting. What information will the nurse provide the client as most accurate about nutrition and pregnancy? A. "Calories should be increased so your baby can develop to a healthy weight." B. "A woman of your starting weight should gain about 45 pounds during the pregnancy." C. "Good nutrition supports the changes in your body and fetal growth and development." D. "Dieting will increase your risk for premature labor and a baby with low birth weight." ¡ Correct Answer C. "Good nutrition supports the changes in your body and fetal growth and development." Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 20 of 32 Question 64 A four-week pregnant client comes to the clinic for the first prenatal visit. The nurse explores the client's use of drugs, alcohol, and cigarettes when obtaining the health history. Which client outcome identifies a safe level of alcohol intake for this client? A."The client consumes no more than 2 oz (60 mL) of alcohol daily." B."The client consumes no more than 4 oz (120 mL) of alcohol daily." C."The client consumes 2 to 6 oz (60 to 180 mL) of alcohol daily, depending on body weight." D."The client consumes no alcohol." Correct Answer D."The client consumes no alcohol." Question 65 The nurse is teaching the client who is receiving chemotherapy and the family how to manage possible nausea and vomiting at home. What information should the nurse include in the teaching plan? A. Eating frequent, small meals. B. Include soft foods in the diet. C. Drink a milkshake made with fruit every day. D. Limit the amount of fluid intake. ¡ Correct Answer A. Eating frequent, small meals. Question 66 After a subtotal gastrectomy, the nurse is developing a plan with the client to assist the client to gain weight. To help the client meet nutritional goals at home, the nurse should: A. instruct the client to increase the amount eaten at each meal. B. encourage the client to eat smaller amounts more frequently. C. explain that if vomiting occurs after a meal, nothing more should be eaten that day. D. inform the client that bland foods are typically less nutritional and should be used minimally. Correct Answer B. Encourage the client to eat smaller amounts more frequently. Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 21 of 32 Question 67 Before placement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt for hydrocephalus, an infant is irritable, lethargic, and difficult to feed. Which action would be most appropriate to maintain the infant's nutritional status? 1. feed the infant just before doing any procedures 2. give the infant small frequent feedings 3. feed the infant in a horizontal position 4. give large, less frequent feedings Correct Answer 4. Give large, less frequent feedings Question 68 A client has given birth to a preterm neonate. The client tells the nurse that she wants to breast-feed her neonate. The nurse should explain to the mother that A. Breast milk contains antibodies that help protect her neonate. B. Commercial formula will provide better nutrition for the neonate. C. Breast-feeding can be started when the neonate is ready for discharge. D. The neonate will be less likely to develop an infection on commercial formula. Correct Answer A. Breast milk contains antibodies that help protect her neonate. Question 69 The nurse is caring for an infant with severe diarrhea that has lasted 3 days. The child has poor skin turgor and dry mucous membranes. What is the priority nursing diagnosis for the nurse to use when planning care for this child? A. impaired mucous membranes B. fluid volume deficit C. alteration in nutrition D. risk for infection Correct Answer B. fluid volume deficit Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 22 of 32 Question 70 The nurse offers nutritional instruction to the parents of a preschooler who has undergone a tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. What food choice by the parents would indicate successful teaching? a. meatloaf and uncooked carrots b. pork and noodle casserole c. cream of chicken soup and orange sherbet d. hot dog and potato chips Correct Answer c. cream of chicken soup and orange sherbet Question 71 Deficiencies are likely to develop most rapidly with low intakes of vitamin a. A .b. C. c. D .d. E. Correct Answer Vitamin C Question 72 The amount of thiamine that the body needs is related to a. dietary intake of protein. b. exposure of the skin to sunlight. c. the amount of energy expended. d. physiologic and emotional stress. Correct Answer The amount of energy expended Question 73 Pyridoxine functions in the body as a coenzyme in metabolism of fat protein carbs energy Correct Answer protein Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 23 of 32 Question 74 Niacin can be manufactured by the body from the amino acid a. alanine. b. arginine. c. tryptophan. d. phenylalanine. Correct Answer Tryptophan Question 75 Adequate intake of folic acid is especially important for a. competitive athletes b. infants and young children. c. women of childbearing age. d. pregnant and lactating women. Correct Answer c. women of childbearing age. Question 76 An example of a high-folate meal is a. fish, French fries, and coleslaw. b. spinach salad with orange segments .c. oatmeal with brown sugar and raisins. d. pork chops with applesauce. Correct Answer b. spinach salad with orange segments Question 77 The type of anemia associated with folate deficiency is _____ anemia. a. microcytic b. pernicious c. megaloblastic d. iron deficiency Correct Answer Megaloblastic Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 24 of 32 Question 78 An example of a meal high in biotin is a a. cheese and tomato sandwich. b. roast beef and mustard sandwich. c. peanut butter and jelly sandwich. d. vegetarian sandwich with avocado and alfalfa sprouts. Correct Answer c. peanut butter and jelly sandwich. Question 79 Vitamin C deficiency causes scurvy, which is characterized by a. weakening of connective tissues. b. diarrhea, dermatitis, and dementia. c. degeneration of nerves and muscles. d. iron deficiency anemia and weight loss. Correct Answer a. weakening of connective tissues. Question 80 Lifestyle behaviors that increase vitamin C requirements include a. shift work. b. vegan diet. c. high fat intake. d. smoking cigarettes. Correct Answer d. smoking cigarettes. Question 81 Vegetables are likely to be highest in vitamin C if they are a. boiled. b. canned. c. stir-fried d. oven roasted. Correct Answer c. stir-fried Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 25 of 32 Question 82 Vitamin A may be obtained by the body from precursors called a. calciferols. b. carotenoids. c. rhodopsins. d. tocopherols. Correct Answer b. carotenoids. Question 83 Vitamins that function as antioxidants in the body include a. vitamins C and E. b. vitamins D and K. c. pyridoxine and biotin. d. folate and vitamin B12. Correct Answer a. vitamins C and E. Question 84 Symptoms of vitamin D toxicity include a. lethargy and loss of coordination. b. rickets, osteomalacia, and osteoporosis. c. blistered skin, joint pain, and liver damage. d. high levels of calcium in the blood and urine. Correct Answer d. high levels of calcium in the blood and urine. Question 85 Vitamin E requirements are related to intake of a. protein. b. vitamin C. c. polyunsaturated fats. d. monounsaturated fats. Correct Answer c. polyunsaturated fats. Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 26 of 32 Question 86 An example of a meal high in vitamin K is a. grilled shrimp with rice and green beans .b. eggs, bacon, and hash browns. c. stir fried beef with broccoli. d. bacon, lettuce and tomato sandwich. Correct Answer c. stir fried beef with broccoli. Question 87 Long-term antibiotic use may be associated with vitamin K deficiency because antibiotics a. prevent absorption of vitamin K b. kill gut bacteria that synthesize vitamin K. c. break down dietary vitamin K in the intestines. d. impair blood clotting and increase vitamin K requirements. Correct Answer b. kill gut bacteria that synthesize vitamin K. Question 88 Rickets would be most likely to develop in a(n) a. elderly frail adult who lives alone. b. Asian college student who does not drink milk. c. white toddler who has been weaned from breast milk. d. 9-month-old breastfed African American baby. Correct Answer d. 9-month-old breastfed African American baby. Question 89 The best description of blindness caused by vitamin A deficiency in developing countries is that it is a. temporary and treatable. b. infectious and often fatal c. limited to night blindness. d. permanent but preventable. Correct Answer d. permanent but preventable. Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 27 of 32 Question 90 Foods that are good sources of preformed vitamin A include a. sweet potatoes. b. egg yolk. c. tomatoes. d. carrots. Correct Answer b. egg yolk. Question 91 A homeless man is brought into the emergency room with muscle weakness, loss of coordination, and tachycardia. He has alcohol on his breath. He may be suffering from a deficiency of a. thiamin. b. riboflavin. c. niacin. d. folate. Correct Answer a. thiamin. Question 92 The person who would have the highest need for thiamin is a. someone who lifts weights to maintain health. b. a pregnant woman. c. a professional cyclist. d. an older adult who walks 2 miles daily. Correct Answer c. a professional cyclist. Question 93 A patient is admitted to the hospital with confusion, memory loss, and ataxia. What other information would lead you to suspect that his symptoms may be caused by secondary thiamin deficiency? a. The patient has very limited funds and has been eating mainly rice and beans. b. The patient admits that he struggles with alcoholism. c. The patient is recovering from a minor stroke. d. The patient has a family history of Alzheimer's disease. Correct Answer a. The patient has very limited funds and has been eating mainly rice and beans. Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 28 of 32 Question 94 water soluble vitamins Correct Answer B vitamins and vitamin C Deficiencies common Question 95 Fat soluble vitamins Correct Answer ADEK Deficiencies slower to develop Greater risk of toxiicty Question 96 Adequate Intake of calcium during pregnancy 100 mg 1000 mg 1200 mg 2000 mg Correct Answer 1000mg Question 97 What pregnancy complication causes nervous system defects? Correct Answer Fetal alcohol syndrome Question 98 Who is most at risk for gestational diabetes? Correct Answer Women over 35 Overweight women Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 29 of 32 Question 99 Symptoms of preeclampsia Correct Answer Hypertension Edema Proteinuria/Low Urine Output Headache/Blurred Vision Abdominal Pain/Nausea Platelet Aggregation/Blood Clots Seizures (eclampsia) Question 100 Preeclampsia nutrition support Correct Answer Well-balanced diet, generous protein Question 101 Serving size for fruits and veggies for children Correct Answer 1 tbsp. per year of age Question 102 Increased need of iron for what ages Correct Answer 14-18 years Question 103 Calcium and phosphorus needs decrease Correct Answer After age 18 Question 104 Nutrient 20% during lactation Correct Answer Protein Question 105 When to introduce solid foods Correct Answer 6 months Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 30 of 32 Question 106 Most common fluid and electrolyte imbalance in older adults Correct Answer Dehydration Question 107 Thiamin (B1) deficiency Correct Answer Beriberi and Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome Question 108 What does Niacin do? Correct Answer Helps concert blood to glucose Energy and protein metabolism, cellular metabolism Question 109 Common deficiencies of water soluble vitamins Correct Answer Scurvy, beriberi, neural tube defects, pellagra, anemia Question 110 Deficiencies of fat soluble vitamins Correct Answer Ricketts, night blindness, poor blood clotting Question 111 Vitamin K found in Correct Answer leafy green vegetables Question 112 foods rich in calcium Correct Answer •Milk products, green vegetables, fortified orange juice and cereals, red and white beans, and figs. Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 31 of 32 Question 113 Pancreatitis Nursing Interventions Correct Answer early introduction of enteral nutrition promotes fewer infections, shorter hospital stays, and overall decreased medical costs. Question 114 A nurse is preparing a plan of care for a client with diabetes mellitus who has hyperglycemia. The priority nursing diagnosis would be: A. High risk for deficient fluid volume B. Deficient knowledge: disease process and treatment C. Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements D. Disabled family coping: compromised Correct Answer A. High risk for deficient fluid volume ALL THE BEST!! Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 32 of 32