Comp Con Final Questions Chapter 8

Chapter 8: Companies such as IBM and Sperry Rand launched the computer industry when they brought the first mainframes to market in the ________. 1960s The information industry has three major facets: _________, computers, and telecommunications. content The __________ is made up of businesses that focus on digital equipment, software, communications technologies, and related services. ICT industry Companies are classified into economic sectors according to the types of goods and services they provide true Worldwide, the ICT industry directly employs about _____ of the total workforce in jobs such as computer manufacturing, programming, and data security. 4% The growth of the ICT industry has a generally upward trend. true A stock market _________ refers to a sharp rise in stock values that is later followed by a sudden decline. bubble The dotcom bubble occurred between the years 2008 and 2010 false In economics, _________ are things that can be used or consumed, whereas _________ are intangible actions performed for a consumer. goods, services . Most economists regard goods and services as a continuum, with intangible goods, such as __________, in the middle of the continuum. software __________ goods are raw materials, tools, and machinery used by businesses to make consumer good capital _______________ are two of the world's largest exporters of ICT services. india and ireland The terms outsourcing and offshoring are the same thing false ____________ reduces the cost of goods and services by using workers and manufacturing facilities in countries with inexpensive labor. offshoring ___________ states that every two years the number of transistors in an integrated circuit will double without raising its cost. moore's law Moore's law accurately described the rate of chip innovation for the last 50 years. true From the perspective of a business that creates and sells a technology product, the ____________maps the expected profitability of a product from its inception to its demise. product life cycle The term product life cycle is frequently used to describe patterns in the way consumers adopt technology products. false A proprietary model called the __________ represents the position of a product during its life cycle of publicity gartner hype cycle ________ technology displaces an existing business process, market, industry, or product. disruptive Which of the following would not be considered a disruptive technology? computers that run on OS X replacing computers that run on Windows 8 In the context of economics, ___________ is a measurement of the amount of output that is produced per unit of input. productivity Between 2001 and 2014, significant gains were made in global ICT use, with the highest gains in desktop computer purchases. false ICT use in emerging nations lags behind its use in developed nations. true _________ is the monetary value of all the goods and services produced by a nation's workforce on an annual basis. GDP The U.S. Department of Homeland Security identifies six national security functions supplied by the ICT sector. Which one of the following is not one of them? provide disruptive technologies __________ is the acronym that describes devices that automate many industrial tasks by receiving digital commands and converting them into real-world actions such as shutting down a power grid or opening a valve in a fuel pipeline SCADA _____________ is the use of ICT technology to carry out politically motivated attacks designed to infiltrate, sabotage, or damage an opponent's information systems and defensive capabilities. cyberwarfare Based on existing laws governing international conflict, the ______________ sets out rules for conducting and responding to cyberwarfare. tallinn manual The Stuxnet virus that disabled Iranian nuclear centrifuges is an example of cyberwarfare. true A calculation is based on a(n) ___________—the stepbystep process by which numbers are manipulated. algorithm A(n) ____________ calculator is a device that assists in the process of numeric calculations but requires the human operator to keep track of the algorithm. manual An abacus is an example of a(n) _________ calculator. manual A manual calculator implements algorithms autonomously false Thomas de Colmar's _________ became the first massproduced mechanical calculator arithmometer Which of the following i would be considered a mechanical calculator? Schikard's calculator, pascaline, de colmar's arithmometer Babbage's __________ was an allpurpose computing device analytical engine The ____________ was designed to tabulate the 1890 census and used cards with designated areas representing data fields. hollerith tabulating machine The Atanasoff-Berry Computer was the first computing device to use ________ instead of mechanical switches as processing circuitry. vacuum tubes The AtanasoffBerry Computer was the first computing device to use transistors instead of vacuum tubes as processing circuitry. false Atanasoff-Berry Computer is often considered the first electronic digital computer true The Harvard Mark I was digital but used _________ rather than binary representation decimal ________ was an electronic device designed to decode messages that were being sent between the german high command and their field commanders in WWII colossus Colossus used binary arithmetic. true ________ was designed to calculate trajectory tables for the U.S. Army. ENIAC ENIAC's memory held programs but not data false Early computers that held both programs and data in memory became known as ________ architecture. von Neumann _____ was the first commercially successful computer. UNIVAC Most computer historians agree that computers have evolved through _______ distinct generations. four . ________ computers, such as UNIVAC, can be characterized by their use of vacuum tubes to store individual bits of data. first-generation Second generation computers used ________ instead of vacuum tubes. transistors Transistors performed functions similar to vacuum tubes, but they were larger and more power hungry. false . It was not until the ______generation of computers that portable operating systems, such as CP/M and UNIX, provided programmers with similar operating system commands across hardware platforms. third Highlevel programming languages were available for use on ________generation computers second _______generation computers became possible by the development of integrated circuits Third Which of the following would be considered a third-generation computer? IBM 360 A computer that used an Intel 4004 microprocessor would be considered a fourthgeneration computer. true Computer systems such as the Mark8 and the MITS Altair are examples of early ______ computers. personal . The Apple II computer included color graphics true When the PC version of the spreadsheet program __________ became available, the IBM PC quickly became the topselling personal computer. VisiCalc A key feature of the Apple Lisa was its use of _______________. A graphical user interface Apple released the first Apple Macintosh computer in what year? ___________ 1984 __________ refers to transmitting text or symbolic information over long distances without the use of a living carrier, such as a courier. telegraphy Transmitting data in a telegraph system used the _______ alphabet, a binary encoding system based on dots and dashes. morse code Samuel Morse developed and patented a telegraph system. true The success of an underwater telegraph cable depended on the discovery of __________, a rubber-like substance. gutta-percha Telegraphy remained the major technology for intercontinental communication well into the ________. 1950s A(n) ___________ is a device that transmits human voices over a distance using cables or airborne signals telephone The first telephone was invented and patented by Alexander Graham Bell in ________. 1876 The first telephones were connected by pointtopoint networks, similar to those used by the telegraph system true Telephone networks are based on a hierarchy of interconnected stars. At the center of the star is a telephone ___________ that manages connections between callers. exchange A(n) ___________ is any person or company that transports goods, passengers, or electronic signals over regular routes at set rates. common carrier Which of the following would not be considered a common carrier? Radio stations Guglielmo Marconi is credited as the person who invented the ___________, a device that sends and receives sound as electromagnetic waves. radio Prior to 1912, there were no laws or regulations restricting amateur radio transmission in the United States true The years between 1920 and 1960 are considered the Golden Age of ________. radio Radio technology is the basis for cell phones and WiFi. true A(n) __________ is a device that uses a lowpower radio transmitter to carry out twoway voice communications. cellular telephone Two-way radio technology went portable during World War I. false The Motorola DynaTAC 8000X was brought to market in what year? ___________ 1984 What generation of cell phone technology was the first to offer true mobile broadband? 4G The first cellular phones to access the Internet and the Web were available in 1996 true The 1930s can be characterized as a phase of innovation for ________, a technology designed to send moving images over a distance. television 1996 was the year that cable _______ service made its debut. internet Technology workers encompass jobs such as telephone cable installers and radio broadcasters true Historically, IT departments were part of an organization's finance department true A computer _________ is any person whose primary occupation involves the design, configuration, analysis, development, modification, testing, or security of computer hardware or software. professional Which of the following job descriptions best matches that of a systems analyst? investigates the requirements of a business or an organization, its employees, and its customers in order to plan and implement new or improved computer services A(n) ________ administrator analyzes a company's data to determine the most effective way to collect and store it. database A computer ________ designs, codes, and tests computer programs. In addition, they may modify existing programs to meet new requirements or eliminate bugs. programmer A(n) ____________ administrator plans, installs, and maintains one or more local area networks and may also manage cloud resources. network A Web site developer manages an organization's online reputation by establishing and maintaining social media sites and evaluating analytics to support its mission. false . If you are hired as an entrylevel programmer, your job title would be a(n) ___________ programmer. associate ________ workers are not official employees of a company contract A(n) _______________ uses available technology to work from home or an offsite location telecommuter Which of the following descriptions best matches that of computer engineering degree? focuses on the design of computer hardware and peripheral devices, often at the chip level Which of the following descriptions best matches that of computer science degree? focuses on computer architecture and how to program computers to make them work effectively and efficiently An information _________ degree programs focus on computer equipment and software used by businesses. technology Certification alone is sufficient to qualify for a job in the IT industry. false __________ are awarded based on successful completion of an exam that verifies your level of knowledge about a particular technology or subject. certificates ______ certification, offered by Certiport, covers basic computing knowledge and skills. IC3 With the proliferation of computer viruses and worms, computer __________ has become a hot niche for IT workers security Participants in open _________ community projects get experience and make connections with other professionals that can be valuable resources during a job hunt source Which of the following options offer self-study training to career-minded individuals who might not have the time or means to complete a traditional degree program? nanodegree HTML is the best format for an effective resume false Which of the following options is a useful format for your resume? print, email and HTML Information technology law is the legal framework that applies to the collection, storage, and distribution of digital information. true Which of the following is not an example of an Information Technology Law? the espionage act of 1917 Which of the following information technology laws makes it illegal to circumvent copyprotection technologies, such as those used to prevent unauthorized copying of software CDs, music CDs, and movie DVDs? digital millennium copyright act The term professional _______ refers to on-the-job choices and actions that reflect a person's values. ethics . ___________ is the obligation not to disclose willingly any information that should be kept private. confidentiality With respect to organizations, confidentiality means protecting __________ information about company finances, procedures, products, and research that competitors would find valuable. proprietary Many employment contracts contain a(n) ______________ designed to prevent employees from divulging proprietary information to competitors or opening competing businesses. non-complete clause . A(n) _________ is a set of guidelines designed to help professionals thread their way through a sometimes tangled web of ethical on-the-job decisions. code of ethics ____________ is the disclosure by an employee of confidential information that relates to some danger, fraud, or other illegal or unethical conduct connected with the workplace, be it of the employer or of fellow employees. whistleblowing . The 2002 Sarbanes-Oxley Act is meant to offer protection to whistleblowers. true Whistleblowing is risky under any circumstances. true